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File Systems

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17 views8 pages

File Systems

Uploaded by

seccsiku703
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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File Systems

• Physically, the hard disks and other media


provide the basic technology for storing data
• Logically,however, the file system provides
the hierarchical structure of volumes and
directories in which you store individual files
and the organizational model that enables the
system to locate data anywhere on a given
disk or drive.
PRIMARY FILE SYSTEMS
■File allocation table (FAT), which includes
FAT12, FAT16, and FAT32
■New Technology File System (NTFS)
File Allocation Table
• Three main varieties of the FAT system exist, called
FAT12, FAT16, and FAT32
– FAT12. Used on all volumes smaller than 16MiB
– FAT16. Used on volumes from 16MiB through 2GiB by
MS-DOS 3.0 and most versions of Windows. Windows NT,
Windows 2000, and Windows XP support FAT16 volumes
as large as 4GiB. However, FAT16 volumes larger than
2GiB cannot be used by MS-DOS or Windows 9x/Me.
– FAT32. Optionally used on volumes from 512MiB through
2GiB, and required on all FAT volumes over 2GiB, starting
with Windows 95B (OSR 2.x) and subsequent versions.
FAT12
• FAT12 was the first file system used in the PC
when it was released on August 12, 1981, and it
is still used today on all floppy disks and FAT
volumes less than 16MiB
• FAT12 uses a table of 12-bit numbers to
manage the clusters (also called allocation
units) on a disk.
FAT12 Cluster Sizes
Characteristics of FAT12

■Is used on all floppy disks


■Has a default format on FAT volumes of
16.76MB (15.98MiB) or less
■Is supported by all versions of DOS and
Windows
■Is supported by all operating systems capable
of reading PC disks
FAT16
• FAT16 is similar to FAT12 except it uses
16-bit numbers to manage the clusters on a
disk.
• FAT16 was introduced on August 14, 1984,
along with PC/MS-DOS 3.0

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