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Lesson-4 Condition in The Philippines in The 19th Century

In the 19th century, the Philippines was a colony of Spain experiencing political, economic, and social changes influenced by developments in Europe. Politically, there were native uprisings against Spanish rule and discrimination. Economically, Manila was opened to international trade, spurring demand for Philippine exports like sugar and rice. Socially, a middle class emerged composed of mixed Spanish-Chinese families who gained wealth and status through trade. Overall, the Philippines as a Spanish colony was affected by the liberalizing reforms happening in 19th century Europe.

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JASSY KRIS TAPAYAN
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147 views6 pages

Lesson-4 Condition in The Philippines in The 19th Century

In the 19th century, the Philippines was a colony of Spain experiencing political, economic, and social changes influenced by developments in Europe. Politically, there were native uprisings against Spanish rule and discrimination. Economically, Manila was opened to international trade, spurring demand for Philippine exports like sugar and rice. Socially, a middle class emerged composed of mixed Spanish-Chinese families who gained wealth and status through trade. Overall, the Philippines as a Spanish colony was affected by the liberalizing reforms happening in 19th century Europe.

Uploaded by

JASSY KRIS TAPAYAN
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Conditions in the Philippines in

the 19 century
th

Lesson-4
Lesson Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

1. review the political and social changes that occurred in Europe in


the 19th century; and
2. analyze how the changes in Europe affected an Asian colony (e.g.,
the Philippines was a colony of Spain, a western European country).
Political Aspects Economic Aspect Sociocultural Aspect
 1826, Mexican soldier lead by Lt. Andres  As a principales - they were exempted  Mostly mestizos consisting of
Novales mutinied, they complained of from taxation and community labor or Spanish and Chinese families.
discrimination and unfair treatment from prestacion personal.  They intermarried with natives
peninsular official following the  They were entitled to receive a portion who were farmers that became
independence of Mexico from Spain. of their collection from the people. traders. In the process, they
 1841-1842 the last series of revolts, when  In 19th century, it was forbidden for became more affluent and
Apolinario dela Cruz refused to disband the Philippines to trade with other formed the nucleus of the
his religious organization “The Cofradia countries because of Spain’s middle class.
de San Jose. Dela cruz aspired to be a monopolistic policy.  Middle-class families increased
priest but refused by the Spaniards  In 1834, this mercantilist policy of not wealth have a better houses
because of his race, he founded the allowing the Philippines to trade with and sent their children to
Cofradia, became a threat by the Catholic other countries was scrapped with the colleges and universities for
Church. After his execution and the opening of Manila to world trade. tertiary education. They obtain
suppression of the Cofradia. Other ports in the colony like; Iloilo, higher degrees which they
 Members of the Tayabas Regiment of the Cebu, Sual, Pangasinan, and though made them equal with
Spanish army, who turned out to be Zamboanga followed. the Spaniards.
province-mates of Dela cruz, mutinied  There was brisk demand for the  Secularization
and almost took over Manila. The arrival Philippines products such as sugar,  By the time of Rizal’s youth, the
of native reinforcements saved the coffee, abaca, tobacco dyestuff and quests for equality was the cry
Spanish colonizers from certain defeat. rice. of the times. It influences Rizal
throughout his life.
Political Aspects Economic Aspect Sociocultural Aspect
 The Peninsularis- or Spaniards born in This created economic opportunities as
Spain but that time were working in the many families began trading these
Philippines were very few, consisting of products for the International market.
the Governor-general, some officials and
priests, and the
 Insulares- Spaniards born in the
Philippines who were alsp few in
comparison on the native population.
 In large towns, the parish priest and the
head of local police were the only
Spaniards.
 Colonial order was maintained largely by
native officials.
 Local officials such as Gobernadorcillos,
the councilmen, and the Principalia.
 The Policemen were also natives, and
even the composition of the local Spanish
army and civil guards was largely natives.
Only the official with the rank of
sergeants were Spaniards.
Political Aspects Economic Aspect Sociocultural Aspect
 Governadorcillos were afforded the titles
of Capitan municipal, teniente, and cabeza.
Thought their positions did not pay much,
the titles gave them an exalted position in
the native society and were called
Principales or leading citizens.
 Loyal Datus who pledge their loyalty to the
colonizers.
That’s all! Thank you.

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