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Lesson 7 Logarithmic Equations Inequalities and Functions

The inverse of an exponential function is a logarithmic function. The inverse of f(x) = 3x is f-1(x) = log3(x). The answer is D.

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Leonila Perez Velasco
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212 views59 pages

Lesson 7 Logarithmic Equations Inequalities and Functions

The inverse of an exponential function is a logarithmic function. The inverse of f(x) = 3x is f-1(x) = log3(x). The answer is D.

Uploaded by

Leonila Perez Velasco
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CONCEPT OF LOGARITHMIC

FUNCTIONS
ACTIVITY:
1. A number raised to twice a certain power is equal to the same number
raised to three more than that power. Find the power.

2. If a number is multiplied by itself and the product is raised to a certain


power, the result is equal to the same number raised to five less than that
power. Find the power.

3. In business mathematics, (A) models the amount of a principal (P) invested


at an annual rate (r) in t years. Edmer invested PhP 5,000.00 in a bank that pays
4% interest each year. If he keeps his money in the account, how much will he
have after 4 years?
Slide Title
The logarithmic function with base b defined by is the inverse
function of the exponential function with base b whose value is
always positive.

That is, iff

This is read as f of x is equal to the logarithm of x to the base 2.


An equation that involves an expression such as is called
logarithmic equation.

This is read as the logarithm of x plus 3 to the base 0.5 is equal


to negative 5.
An inequality of the form
, or any variation of these type is called logarithmic
inequality.

This is read as the logarithm of 1 minus x to the base 5 is


less than 25.
REMARKS:
a) log x = (common logarithm-base 10).

b) = ln x (natural logarithm- base e).


Historical Trivia: The mathematician Leonhard Euler
(1707 – 1783) computed e to 27 decimal places using
Logarithmic Functions
Let y = Find the value of the f, if there is any, at the given value of x.
a) x = 0 does not exist
b) x = -9 does not exist
c) x = 1 y=0
d) x =
y = -2
e) x = 27
y=3
f) x = 10
y=
Logarithmic Functions
Evaluate the function defined by at each specified value.
a) x = 25
y=2
b) x =
y = -3
c) x = -1
Does not exist
a.) Since the exponential function is one-to-one, its inverse
function is also one-to-one.
b.) Since:The domain of is .
The range of is
Therefore: The domain of is .
The range of is .
To find the domain and range of the given logarithmic
functions. f(x) = a · logb (x-c) + d
Domain=
Range =
Find the domain and range of the given logarithmic functions.
f(x) = a · logb (x-c) + d
Rng(f) = Dom(f) =

2) Rng(f) = Dom(f) =

3) f(x) = 2log Rng(f) = Dom(f) =


Find the domain and range of the given logarithmic functions.
f(x) = a · logb (x-c) + d
Rng(f) = Dom(f) =

2. Rng(f) = Dom(f) =

3. h(x) =
Rng(f) = Dom(f) =
GRAPHS OF LOGARITHMIC
FUNCTIONS
ACTIVITY
Graph and

What inference can you make?


ACTIVITY
ACTIVITY
Slide Title
GRAPHING LOGARITHMIC FUNCTIONS:
1. Find the domain and range.
2. Find the vertical asymptote. Its vertical
asymptote will be the line
x-c = 0.
3. Find at least two points either to the left or right
of the V.A. depending on the domain of the f.
Given Graph.
Step 1: Dom(f) = and Rng(f) = .
Step 2: V.A.(f): x = 5.
y

Step 3: 4

x 6 9
3
f(x) 0 1
2

x
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5
-1

-2

-3
Given Graph.
Step 1: Dom(g) = and Rng(g) = .
y

Step 2: V.A.(g): x =. 5

Step 3: 4

3
x 1
2

g(x) 1 2
1

x
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5

-1

-2

-3
Slide Title
Sketch the graph of the logarithmic functions:
a) f(x) = 2log x – 3
b) g(x) = 3 -
SOLVING LOGARITHMIC
EQUATIONS
EXPAND:
EXPAND:
CONDENSE:
CONDENSE:
Rewrite using CBF:
Rewrite using CBF:
Rewrite using CBF:
Rewrite using CBF:
Expand:

Condense:
Expand:

Condense:
a)F b)F c)F d)F e)T f)F g)T h)F
One – to – One property of Logarithmic Functions:
For any logarithmic function
f(x) =

u = v.
Slide Title

Theorem: Let r be a real number and b, m, p, and q be


positive real numbers, where b and m are not equal to 1.
Then the ff. properties hold:
1. = +
2. =
3. =
4.
QUIZ:
1. Write as a single logarithm.
Slide Title
2. Suppose , and

a)
Slide Title

=
=
= 3m + 2n + o.

, and
Slide Title
b)
=
=
=m+.

, and
Slide Title
b) log (3b)

=.

, and
Quiz:
Solve the ff. exponential equations:

b.

2.
Slide Title

Solve the following:


SOLVING EXPONENTIAL AND OF
LOGARITHMIC INEQUALITIES
Given the logarithmic equation

If , then iff

If , then iff

• In summary
• when b>1 the direction of the inequality is retained
• When 0<b<1 the direction of the inequality is reversed
Solve the ff. logarithmic inequalities:
1) log (2x + 5) > log (3x – 1)
Solve:
1)
2) 3
3)
QUIZ:
 
1. Which of the following functions does not have an inverse function?
A. C.
B. D.
 
2. Which of the following is NOT an exponential function?
A. C.
B. D.
 
3. Which of the following is an exponential inequality?
A. C.
B. D.
4. What is the inverse of an exponential function?
A. quadratic C. linear
B. polynomial D. logarithmic
5. What is the inverse of
A. C.
B. D.
Slide Title
5. What is the inverse of
A. C.
B. D.

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