WEEK 2

FLUID MACHINERY
(PROBLEMS ON PUMPS)
 PROBLEMS
• Example 1 : Two water pipes, 300 mm and 150 mm of the same length are coupled in
parallel and together are to be deliver 0.085 m3/s. Find the loss of head per km if f = 0.03.
GIVEN:
SG = 1.75
D = 6 cm
Et = 80 m
P = 75 kPa
z = 2.6 m
 SOLUTION
• Q1 + Q2 = 0.085 /s • (hf1(2gD1)/f1L1)^0.5 +
v1 + v2 = 0.085 (A) (hf2(2gD2)/f2L2)^0.5 = 0.085

Consider head loss formula: • (hf1(2g(0.3))/(0.03)L1)^0.5 +

(hf2(2g(0.15))/(0.03)(L2))^0.5 = 0.085
hf1 = f1L1 / 2gD1 ; v = (hf1(2gD1)/f1L1)^0.5

hf1 = f2L2 / 2gD2 ; v = (hf2(2gD2)/f2L2)^0.5 hf/L = 5.33 m

 PROBLEMS
• Example 2: Find the power needed to pump delivers 1000 GPM of water at a head of 100 ft.
• GIVEN
Q = 1000 GPM
H = 100 ft
 SOLUTION
• ek = ; e k = 1

Pw = Pi
Pw = Q TDH
Pw=(1000GPM)(62.4lbf/ft3)(100ft)
x ( 1 ft3 / 7.481gal ) x ( 1hp min
/ 33,000 ft –lbf)
Pi = 25.28 hp
 PROBLEMS
• Example 3 : Calculate the motor pump power output needed for the water at a head of 100
m, 0.4 m3/s and pump efficiency of 70 %.
GIVEN:
Q = 0.4 m3/s
H = 100 m
ep = .7
Pi =?
 SOLUTION
• ep = ; emo = 1, nme = 1, ep = .7
Pi = Wi
Pw = Q TDH
Pw=(0.4 m3/s)(9.81kN/m3)(100m)

Pw = 392.4 kW
Pi = 392.4 kW / 0.7
Pi = 560.57 kW
 PROBLEMS
• Example 4 : A centrifugal pump has a suction of 6.67 kPa vacuum pressure, 100 mm
diameter pipe and a discharge of 250 kPag at 90 mm diameter. The suction is 5 m below the
pump centreline and the discharge is 50 m in elevation. Determine the pump efficiency for
260 kW brake power at a discharge flow of 0.2 m3/s.
GIVEN:
Q = 0.2 m3/s Ps = 6.67 kPa vacuum
D2 = 90 mm Pd = 250 kPag
D1 = 100 mm z1 = - 5 m
ep = ? Z2 = 50 m
GIVEN: For elevation head:
Q = 0.2 m3/s Ps = 6.67 kPa vacuum
D2 = 90 mm Pd = 250 kPag z2-z1 = 50-(-5) m = 55 m
D1 = 100 mm z1 = - 5 m
ep = ? Z2 = 50 m For velocity head:

• ep = ; nme = 1, ep = ? V2 = 4Q/() = 4(0.2)/ ((0)

Wb = Wi
Pw = Q TDH = 31.44 m/s

For TDH, V1 = 4Q/() = 4(0.2)/ ((0)

TDH = z2-z1 + + + hfT = 25.46 m/s

= 17.34 m
GIVEN: For TDH,
Q = 0.2 m3/s Ps = 6.67 kPa vacuum
D2 = 90 mm Pd = 250 kPag TDH = 55 +17.34+26.17
D1 = 100 mm z1 = - 5 m
ep = ? Z2 = 50 m TDH = 98.51 m
Wb = 260 kW

For ep;
For pressure head;

ep = =
= 250 kPag – (-6.67 kPag) /(9.81 kPa/m)

ep = 74.34 %
= 26.17 m
• Example 6 : A double suction single stage centrifugal pump delivers 900 m3/hr of seawater
from source where water varies 2 meters from low tide to high tide level. The pump
centreline is located 2.6 m above the surface of the water at high tide level. The pump
discharges into a surface condenser 3 meters above pcl. Loss of head due to friction in
suction is 0.8 meters and 3 meters at discharge. The pump is directly connected to a 1750
rpm, 460 V, 3 phase and 60 Hz source.
a. Sketch the installation e. Motor hp if emo = 0.8
b. Total suction head
c. Total discharge head
d. Bhp if ep = 0.7
GIVEN:
Q = 900 m3/hr Hs = 0.8 m Hd = 3 m
2 m from LT to HT pcl 2.6 m above high tide
• B. Total Suction Head (8)
SOLUTION
TSH = -2 – 2.6 - .8 = -5.4 m

C. Total Discharge Head (TDsH)

TDsH = 3 + 3 = 6 m

D. Bhp = Q TDH
= (900 m3/hr )(1.03)(9.81 kN/m3)(TDH)

TDH = TDsH – TSH = 6 - -5.54 = 11.54 m

D. Bhp = Q TDH
SOLUTION
= (900 m3/hr )(1.03)(9.81 kN/m3)(11.54 m) / .7

= 55.82+ Bhp

E. Motor Hp

emo = Bhp/Motor Hp
Motor Hp = Bhp/emo = 55.82 /.8
= 69.78 Hp