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Lesson 4-5

The document discusses how to act humanely and positively towards neighbors. It describes Aristotle's idea of virtue theory, which argues that good actions come from good character. For Aristotle, becoming virtuous requires practice and emulating moral exemplars. The document also discusses the concepts of justice and equality, and different philosophical views on how wealth and resources should be distributed.

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Kian Lyly
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257 views9 pages

Lesson 4-5

The document discusses how to act humanely and positively towards neighbors. It describes Aristotle's idea of virtue theory, which argues that good actions come from good character. For Aristotle, becoming virtuous requires practice and emulating moral exemplars. The document also discusses the concepts of justice and equality, and different philosophical views on how wealth and resources should be distributed.

Uploaded by

Kian Lyly
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson 4: Man as an

Active Neighbor
Unit 7
How do I act humanely towards my neighbors?

▪ How does one act knowing full well that


everyone around him is composed of different
thoughts and feelings and opinions? How is it
possible to engage in genuine, constructive
dialogue if the people conversing have
different goals and intentions?
▪ The ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle proposed the idea
of Virtue Theory, which isn’t exactly a moral code, but
more of the notion that good and righteous actions are the
result of a person’s good character.
▪ Now this may seem vague, but Aristotle believes that this
“right mix of actions” is simply the Golden Mean between
two extremes. In this regard, there is no one specific action
or response for any situation.
Aristotle would argue that the virtuous thing to do, at least in this situation, would
be to call for the authorities, because they’re the ones equipped to address the
problem. Rushing in and acting like a hero is an excess of courage whilst running
away, panicking is a deficiency of courage.

For Aristotle, being virtuous was a matter of practice. It’s a way of living that can
be learned only through experience. You are drawn to others who are virtuous—
people who Aristotle considered to be moral exemplars—and learn to copy or
emulate their actions and behavior
Lesson 5: Man as a
Proactive Neighbor
Unit 7
How can I affect positive change for
the future of myself and others?

▪ If you are, like many students currently reading this lesson, familiar
with the basic principles of philosophy like existence and essence,
and deductive and inductive arguments, then it’s safe to say that you
have something a great number of the population doesn’t—a formal
education.

▪ When we begin to think of pressing matters such as inequality, we


begin to think of the concept of Justice. In essence, we are
concerned with fairness and equality. Is justice about getting what we
need or what we deserve?
▪ Whether we like it or not, this is the state of the world we live in. In
response, a number of philosophers have proposed the idea of
Justice as Equality, the belief that everyone, regardless or
background, should receive the same kind and amount of material
and economic possessions.
▪ Other philosophers propose a sort of Merit-based Justice, wherein
wealth is distributed according to what each person deserves. In
this way, when I get more for my work, I see it as fair and just,
because, after all, I worked more and much harder than others.

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