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This document discusses qualitative and quantitative research tools and describes situations where each could be used. It provides details on the main differences between qualitative and quantitative approaches. Qualitative research focuses on understanding concepts, thoughts, and experiences through tools like interviews, focus groups, and observations. Quantitative research aims to test theories or hypotheses using tools like questionnaires, surveys, and experiments. Qualitative methods are appropriate when exploring a problem or issue, while quantitative methods are suited to confirming something through collecting numerical data that can be statistically analyzed.

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71 views23 pages

My Assignment 2

This document discusses qualitative and quantitative research tools and describes situations where each could be used. It provides details on the main differences between qualitative and quantitative approaches. Qualitative research focuses on understanding concepts, thoughts, and experiences through tools like interviews, focus groups, and observations. Quantitative research aims to test theories or hypotheses using tools like questionnaires, surveys, and experiments. Qualitative methods are appropriate when exploring a problem or issue, while quantitative methods are suited to confirming something through collecting numerical data that can be statistically analyzed.

Uploaded by

supriya
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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UNIVERSITY OF

MUMBAI

DEPARTMENT OF
EDUCATION
ASSIGNMENT 2

Discuss Qualitative and Quantitative


Research Tools.
Describe different situations where in
these research tools can be used.
PRESENTED BY :

Miss. Supriya Gaikwad


DIFFERENT APPROACHES IN
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Qualitative approach
Quantitative approach
QUALITATIVE APPROACH
 Associated with social constructivist paradigm
 About recording analyzing and attempting ti
uncover the deeper meaning and significance
of human behavior and experiences
 Researcher are interested in gaining rich and
complex understanding of people’s experience
 Focus is not on obtaining information which
can be generalized to other larger groups.
QUANTITATIVE APPROACH
•Itusually involves collecting and
converting data into numerical
form so that statistical calculation
can be made and conclusion drawn.
USE QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH IF YOU WANT
TO UNDERSTAND
SOMETHING
(CONCEPTS,THOUGHTS,E
XPERIENCE)
Use quantitative research if
you want to confirm or test
something
(a theory or hypothesis)
QUALITATIVE VS.
QUANTITATIVE
MAIN DIFFERENCES ARE RELATED TO DATA
SAMPLE, COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS.
HOWEVER, THE MAIN DFFERENCE IS THE
OUTCOME.
Quantitative Qualitative
certainty Single Multiple
Analysis Statistics/Number Narrative/words
Attempt to generalize Yes No
Theory Test Develop
Focus Concise Complex
Basis Objective Subjective
SO… QUALITATIVE OR
QUANTITATIVE?
•Itis important to know the type of
research methodology you will use
•However your research idea will

delicate the type of research


methodology you used
•This will also emphasize your data

collection methods.
THE MAIN TOOLS FOR COLLECTING
QUALITATIVE DATA ARE:

(I) Individual interviews :


• Structured interviews –
 Verbally administrated questionnaire
 In terms of depth , it is surface level
 Completed within short period
•Semi-structured interviews –

Several key questions which cover the


scope of the areas to be explored
It allows a little more leeway for the

researcher to explore the subject matter


•Unstructured interviews –
 It is an in- depth interview
 It allow the researcher to collect a
wide range of information with
purpose.
BEST DATA COLLECTION TOOLS
FOR INTERVIEW
 Audio recorder
 Digital camera
 Camcorder ( Both audio and
video recorder camera )
(II). FOCUS GROUPS

It falls under the primary category for


data based on the feeling and opinions
of the respondants.This research
involves asking open ended questions to
a group of individuals usually ranging
from 6-10 people, to provide feedback.
(III)OBSERVATIONS

•Structured observation – data collection is


conducted through specific variables and
according to pre-defined scheduled.
•Unstructured observation – is conducted

in an open and free manner in a sense that


there would be no pre-determined
variables or objectives.
(IV) Partcipatory Action Research

(V)Case Studies

(VI)Anecdotal records

(VII) Sociometry

(VIII)Literature Review: Survey of published


works by other authors.
OTHERS
 In depth interviews
 Online forum
 Groups
 Online communities
 Web survey chats
The main tools for collecting quantitative
data are:
 Inquiry forms
 Checklist and rating scales
 Score cards
 Schedule (Questions and statements on which opinion are
elicited) and blank space tables for filling up the
respondents.
 Questionnaire and Survey, pooling , experiments
 Opinionnaire and Attitude Scales
 Psychological tests Achievements Test aptitude test
intelligence test interest inventory personality measure etc
 Digital tools and Email
DIGITAL TOOLS FOR DATA
COLLECTION

•GOOGLE FORMS
•SURVEY MONKEY

•EASY POLLS

•MICROSOFTS FORMS

•MAGPI

•SURVEY SPARROW

•TYPEFPRM PAPERFORM
•SITUATION WHERE
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
TOOL USE
•It is used when we don’t what to expect, to define the
problem or develop an approach to the problem.
•It is also used to go deeper into the issues of interest

and explore.
•For example,

Case study of quiet child : A graduate student student


view
Exploring the world of struggling students : A case
study
•SITUATION WHERE
QUANTITATIVE
RESEARCH TOOL USE
•Quantitative research is used to generate
numerical data and hard facts, by employing
statistical, logical and mathematical technique.

•For ex, A Quantitative research on the level of


social media addiction among young people in
turkey.
THANK YOU !

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