SUBJECT AND OBJECT PRONOUNS
Use 1:
We use subject pronouns as subjects of sentences and object pronouns as objects: Singular subject
pronouns (I, you, he, she, it):
I kicked the ball.
You like to study.
He eats green cheese.
She likes ice cream.
It bit John.
• Plural subject pronouns (we, you, they):
We enjoy going to the movies.
You are the best students.
They are not happy.
SUBJECT AND OBJECT PRONOUNS
• Singular object pronouns (me, you, him, her, it):
David kicked the ball to me.
Anna wants to talk to you.
Mary doesn't like him.
Sam kissed her.
John smashed it.
• Plural object pronouns (us, you, them):
The politician lied to us.
I wouldn't lie to you.
Mary didn't invite them.
EXERCISES
Choose the correct form:
Where did the boy go?.-------- went to school.
1.He. 2.Him
Choose the correct form:
I didn't see----------.
1.She. 2.Her
SUBJECT AND OBJECT PRONOUNS
Use 2:
We use subject pronouns before the verb:
I saw Mr.Brown this morning.
Later we went home.
We use object pronouns after the verb:
Can you help me?
Call them this evening.
We also use object pronouns after prepositions and verb be:
They live near us.
That's us in the photo.
EXERCISES
Choose the correct form:
---------talks to---------.
1.It/l. 2.She/us
Choose the correct form:
I give-----------cookies every week.
1.they. 2.them
POSSESSIVE FORMS OF NOUNS
1. NOUN + 'S OR'
We use noun + 's or apostrophe(') to show that something belongs to someone. To form
the possessive:
• Add 's to the singular nouns:
the car of John = John's car
the garden of my mother = my mother's garden
• Add 'to the plural nouns that end in s:
the room of the girls = the girls' room
the boat of the sailors= the sailors' boat
the house of my parents = parents' house
POSSESSIVE FORMS OF NOUNS
1. NOUN + 'S OR'
• Add 's to the plural nouns that DON'T end in s:
books for children = children's books
clothes for men = men's clothes
names of the people= people's names
We can use noun + 's or alone:
• when the meaning is clear:
That isn't our dog. It's our neighbours'.
Is this your mobile phone? No, it's John's.
• for people's homes:
Shall we go to Anthony's for lunch?
• to talk about some shops and services:
Are you going to the McDonald's?
I need to go to the dentist's.
EXERCISES
Choose the correct form:
----------mother is running late.
1.John. 2.John's
Choose the correct form:
---------sleeps in this room.
1.John. 2.John's
2. 'OF' + NOUN
We usually use of + noun for things and places:
I am interested in the geography of Japan.
What's the size of the screen on your monitor?
What happens at the end of the film?
We DON'T usually use of + noun for people:
X-She is the sister of Sam.
✓ She is Sam's sister.
We DON'T usually use noun + 's or for things:
X+didn't see the film's end
✓ I didn't see the end of the film.
EXERCISES
Choose the correct form:
I am interested in history------------.
1.my country. 2.of my country
Which is correct?
Where is the bowl of your dog?
Where is your dog's bowl?
Where is the your dog bowl?
1. POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES
Possessive adjectives tell us who things belong to. We put them before a noun: Singular
possessive adjectives (my, your, his, her, its):
This is my laptop.
This is not your bag.
Mary doesn't like his pants.
Her dog is small.
The chameleon can change its color.
• Plural possessive adjectives (our, your, their):
Our bird is noisy.
Your house is big.
Their car is fast.
1. POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES
Be careful not to confuse its and it's:
Its = The possessive adjective for it.
The dog played with its ball.
It's= a contraction of it is.
It's very cold right now.
We DON'T include an s to the adjective when the
noun is plural like in many other languages:
X-Ours ears are expensive.
✓ Our cars are expensive.
EXERCISES
Choose the correct form:
----------children are intelligent.
1.Our. 2.Ours
Choose the correct form:
Thailand is famous for--------beautiful beaches.
1.its. 2.it's
2. POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS
We can use possessive pronouns to avoid repeating information that is already clear:
This book is my book, not your book.(Sounds repetitive)
This book is mine, not yours.(Sounds more natural)
• Singular possessive pronouns (mine, yours, his, hers):
The shirt is mine.
The book is yours.
The pillow is his.
The dog is hers.
• Plural possessive pronouns (ours, yours, theirs):
The bird is ours.
The house is yours.
The car is theirs.
2. POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS
We DON'T use a, an, the or apostrophes(') with possessive adjectives and pronouns:
x-That pencil is her's
✓ That pencil is hers.
X-This shirt is the mine.
✔This shirt is mine.
We often use 'Whose?' instead of 'Who does it belong to?':
-Whose pen is this?
-It's John's.
- Whose are these?
-I don't know - they aren't mine.
EXERCISES
Choose the correct form:
I didn't have my umbrella so Marta lent me--------.
1.hers. 2.her's
Choose the correct form:
Her car is faster than----------.
1.mine. 2.my
Which is correct?
That food is ours and not her.
That food is my and not theirs.
That food is ours and not theirs.
THIS, THAT, THESE, THOSE
Use 1:
We use this (singular) and these (plural) to talk about things that are near us:
This is a nice a cup of tea.
Whose shoes are these?
We use that (singular) and those (plural) to talk about things that are not near us:
This is our house, and that's Rebecca's house over there.
Those are very expensive shoes.
We use a singular verb after this/that and a plural verb after these/those:
This car is expensive.
These cars are expensive.
That is beautiful.
Those are beautiful.
EXERCISES
Choose the correct form:
--------is our house.
1.That. 2.Those
Choose the correct form:
-----‐--is new.
1.This. 2.These
Choose the correct form:
----------chocolates are delicious.
1.This. 2.These
THIS, THAT, THESE, THOSE
Use 2:
We also use this/these to talk about now or a time that is near us:
This is a good meal. (at the time of eating)
I hate these cold winter days. (the winter days we have now)
We use that/those to talk about a situation in the past:
What did you think of that lesson yesterday? (the previous day)
There were no cars in those days. (at a time in the past)
The expression this is is commonly used when you talk on the phone or you introduce
people:
Hello, this is Peter, Can I speak to Sally?
Carol, this is my friend Simon. Simon, this is Carol.
EXERCISES
Choose the correct form:
---‐---is a great game.
1.That. 2.This
Choose the correct form:
--------was a great evening.
1.That. 2.This
Choose the correct form:
--------are my friends, John and Michael.
1.This. 2.These
1. ONE/ONES, ANOTHER ONE
We use one to replace a singular countable noun and ones to replace a plural
countable noun:
Which is your car, the red one or the blue one?
My trousers are torn. I need some new ones.
We can use a/an/the/some + adjective + one(s):
I don't like the black T-shirt. I like the blue one.
Those are old potatoes but here are some fresh ones.
We can't use one or ones to replace an uncountable noun:
x prefer pop-music to classical one:
I prefer pop music to classical music.
EXERCISES
Choose the correct form:
Let's look at the photographs. The----- you took in Paris.
1.one. 2.ones
Choose the correct form:
My car is the red--------.
1.one. 2.ones
2. WHICH ONE/ONES?
We can ask people to say which thing they want or mean with Which one(s)?:
Which one do you want? I want the big one.
There are lots of books here. Which ones are yours?
We use this/that/these/those + one(s) to say which thing we want or mean:
Which one do you want? I want that one.
Can you pass me some plates? Those ones on the top shelf.
We use another one for an extra or a different thing:
I haven't got a student book. Have you got another one? (an extra book) I don't like that
color. I want another one. (a different color)
EXERCISES
Choose the correct form:
You can borrow a book. Which--------do you want?
1.one. 2.ones
Choose the correct form:
I prefer plain food to spicy--------.
1.one. 2.food
REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS
Use 1:
We use reflexive pronouns when the subject and object are the same person or thing:
• Singular reflexive pronouns (myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself):
I am teaching myself to play the piano.
You might cut yourself.
John sent himself a copy.
Carol poured herself a glass of milk.
My dog hurt itself.
• Plural reflexive pronouns (ourselves, yourselves, themselves):
We blame ourselves.
Can you help yourselves?
They cannot look after themselves.
EXERCISES
Choose the correct form:
I've hurt---------.
1.myself. 2.himself
Choose the correct form:
My computer turns ----------- off at night..
1.himself. 2.itself
REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS
Use 2:
We often use reflexive pronouns with these verbs (enjoy, help, behave):
I wish the children would behave themselves. (behave well)
Would you like to help yourself to another drink? (take another)
We enjoyed ourselves at the party. (had fun)
We often use by myself, by himself, etc. It means 'alone' or 'without help':
I live by myself. (I live alone.)
She wants to do it by herself. (without any help)
We use each other (not themselves or ourselves) when the subject and object are different:
X-Anna and Susan like themselves.
✓ Anna and Susan like each other.
(Anna likes Susan and Susan likes Anna.)
EXERCISES
Choose the correct form:
We meet---------for lunch every Monday.
1.ourselves. 2.each other
Choose the correct form:
The children got dressed--------.
1.themselves. 2.by themselves
Which is correct?
Help yourself to some cake.
Enjoy yourself to some cake.
Behave yourself to some cake.
INDEFINITE PRONOUNS
Use 2:
We use indefinite pronouns to refer to people, places or things without saying exactly who,
where or what they are:
• We use pronouns ending in -body or -one for people (someone/somebody, anyone/anybody,
everyone/everybody, no one/nobody):
Everybody enjoyed the concert.
Everyone is sleeping in my bed.
I opened the door but there was no one at home.
I won't tell your secret to anyone.
You may invite anybody you want to your birthday party.
INDEFINITE PRONOUNS
• We use pronouns ending in -thing for things (something, anything, everything, nothing):
It was a very clear day. We could see everything.
He saw something in the garden.
There is nothing to eat.
He would give anything to get into Oxford.
• We use pronouns ending in -where for places (somewhere, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere):
Keith is looking for somewhere to live.
I looked everywhere for my key.
There is nowhere as beautiful as Paris.
Max would follow you anywhere.
EXERCISES
Choose the correct form:
You can choose---------from the menu.
1.anything. 2.anyone
Choose the correct form:
I gave everybody to Sally.
I gave everywhere to Sally.
I gave everything to Sally.
INDEFINITE PRONOUNS
Use 2:
In positive sentence we use some+ (indefinite quantity), every+ (complete quantity) or no+
(absence):
I need something to eat.
Be quiet! Everyone is asleep.
No one likes unfriendly people.
• In negative sentence we use any+:
I don't have anything to eat.
She didn't go anywhere last week.
I can't find anyone to come with me.
INDEFINITE PRONOUNS
• In questions we mostly use any+ or every+:
Is there anything to eat?
Did you go anywhere last night?
Is everyone here?
Have you looked everywhere?
• We use some+ in questions when we ask for or offer something:
Would you like something to eat?
Can I have something to drink?
Would you like to go somewhere this weekend?
EXERCISES
Choose the correct form:
I haven't eaten---------today.
1.anything. 2.something
Choose the correct form:
They're on holiday so--------is at home.
1.anybody. 2.nobody
INDEFINITE PRONOUNS
Use 3:
We use no one/nobody, nowhere and nothing with positive verbs, but the meaning is
negative:
No one is sleeping in my bed.
There is nothing to eat. (There isn't anything to eat.)
We don't use two negatives in English:
x didn't eat nothing.
I didn't eat anything.
X Nobody isn't here
Nobody is here.
We use a singular verb with indefinite pronouns:
x Nobody live on the moon.
✓ Nobody lives on the moon.
X-Everyone-are-sleeping in my bed.
✓ Everyone is sleeping in my bed.
EXERCISES
Choose the correct form:
Everything---------expensive in London.
1.is. 2.are
Choose the correct form:
We didn't get-----------at the supermarket today.
1.nothing. 2.anything
