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Chapter 1-std

This document provides an overview of steel structures and structural systems. It discusses properties of structural steel, advantages and disadvantages of steel structures, steel section shapes, connections, and various structural systems used in steel buildings like simple beams, trusses, rigid frames, column-truss frames, and space trusses. Examples and diagrams are provided to illustrate different structural components and systems. Reference books on steel design are also listed.

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Belkacem Achour
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45 views72 pages

Chapter 1-std

This document provides an overview of steel structures and structural systems. It discusses properties of structural steel, advantages and disadvantages of steel structures, steel section shapes, connections, and various structural systems used in steel buildings like simple beams, trusses, rigid frames, column-truss frames, and space trusses. Examples and diagrams are provided to illustrate different structural components and systems. Reference books on steel design are also listed.

Uploaded by

Belkacem Achour
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CE 408

Steel Design
Chapter 1:
Properties and Structural Systems of Steel Structures
Introduction to Steel Structures
 Steel structures are assembly of structural
steel shapes joined together by means of
bolted or welded connections according to
specification/standard.

Bolted Connection Welded Connection


Examples of Steel Sheds
Examples of Steel Sheds:
Examples of Steel Sheds
Examples of Steel Sheds
Project:
Report on site visit to an existing steel structure in
Madinah. Showcase the different components
using appropriate photos.
Types of Buildings with respect
to Construction Materials

Timber Building Reinforced


Concrete Building
Types of Buildings with respect
to Construction Materials

Combined Steel-Concrete Building Steel Building


Introduction
Typical Steel Structures

Industrial Buildings
INTRODUCTION
Industrial Buildings
High Rise Buildings
Introduction

The Chicago Skyscraper Time Warner Center 2003

High Rise Buildings


Properties of Steel
 Structural Steel
Structural steel is an alloy of iron and carbon and is
manufactured in various standard shapes and sizes by
steel rolling mills.
Properties of Steel
 Structural Steel
Structural steel is an alloy of iron Composition
and carbon %
and is
Element
manufactured in various standardSteel shapes A36 and sizes
by steel
Carbon (C) rolling mills. 0.25-0.29
Manganese (Mn) 1.20 max
Phosphorus (P) 0.04 max
Sulfur (S) 0.05 max
Silicon (Si) 0.15-0.40
Copper (Cu) 0.20 min (when specified)
Nickel (Ni) -
Chromium (Cr) -
Vanadium (V) -
Molybdenum (Mo) -
Aluminum (Al) -
Nitrogen (N) -
Properties of Steel
 Structural Steel
Classification based on percentage of Carbon:
 Low Carbon Steel c  0.15%
 Mild Steel c = 0.15%  0.29%
 Medium Carbon Steel c = 0.30%  0.59%
 High Carbon Steel c = 0.60%  1.70%

 Average Young’s Modulus (E) = 200GPa

 Unit Weight Steel = 78.5 kN/m3


Properties of Steel
 Structural Steel
Stress – Strain Curve (Uniaxial Tension)

Important
Material
Properties
Advantages of Steel:
 Steel has a high strength-to-weight ratio.

 The properties of structural steel are uniform and


homogeneous, and highly predictable.

 It has high ductility, thus providing adequate warning of


any impending collapse.

It can easily be recycled. In fact, some buildings have a


majority of their components made of recycled steel.
Advantages of Steel:
 Steel structures are easier and quicker to fabricate and
erect, compared with concrete structures.
 The erection of steel structures is not as affected by
weather as is the use of other building materials, enabling
steel erection to take place even in the coldest of climates.
 It is relatively easier to make additions to existing steel
structures because of the relative ease of connecting to
the existing steel members.
Advantages of Steel:

No Limit of Architectural Creativity


Advantages of Steel:

Slender Columns >> Giving More Space


Advantages of Steel:

Transparency >> Use of Natural Light


Disadvantages of Steel:
 Steel is susceptible to corrosion and has to be
protected by galvanizing or by coating with zinc-rich paint,
especially structures exposed to weather or moisture.

 Maintenance costs could be high compared to other


structural materials.

 Steel is adversely affected by high temperatures and


therefore often needs to be protected from fire.
Deformation in Steel Elements due to Fire
Deformation in Steel Elements due to Fire
Use of Cementatious Materials as Fire Proofing
Introduction American
Manual
 Steel Section Shapes
Introduction American
Manual
 Steel Section Shapes
Introduction
 Steel Section Shapes
Introduction American
Manual
 Steel Section Shapes
Introduction
 Steel Section Shapes
Introduction
 Steel Section Shapes
Introduction American
Manual
 Steel Section Shapes

T Sections PIPE BOX


Sections Sections
Introduction
 Steel Section Shapes
Introduction
 Steel Section Shapes
Introduction
 Overview of Steel Connections

Shear Connection Moment Connection


Introduction
 Overview of Steel Connections

Moment Connection
Introduction
 Overview of Steel Connections

Shear Connection
Structural Systems
Structural Steel Elements
Structural Systems in Steel Bldgs.
 Simple Beam.
 Simple Truss.
 Rigid Frame.
 Column-Truss Frame.
 Trussed Frame.
 Space Truss.
Structural Systems in Steel Bldgs.
 Simple Beam

0.2- 0.4 m

L/20
Structural Systems in Steel Bldgs.
 Simple Truss

Dr. Maha Moddather


Structural Systems in Steel Bldgs.
 Simple Truss

Dr. Maha Moddather


Structural Systems in Steel Bldgs.
 Simple Truss
Structural Systems in Steel Bldgs.
 Rigid Frame

Dr. Maha Moddather


Structural Systems in Steel Bldgs.
 Rigid Frame

Dr. Maha Moddather


Structural Systems in Steel Bldgs.
 Column-Truss Frame

Dr. Maha Moddather


Structural Systems in Steel Bldgs.
 Column-Truss Frame

Dr. Maha Moddather


Structural Systems in Steel Bldgs.
 Space Truss
 Used for large spans (100 - 200 m)
 Composed of link members connected in space.

 Members are either composed of pipes, angles or hollow


square section.

 Members are connected by frictionless joints (ball joint or


intersection gussets) to form triangular panels in both directions
in space.

 Depth of truss = Span /(10 - 40)

 Member internal forces = Normal force only (tension or


compression). Dr. Maha Moddather
Structural Systems in Steel Bldgs.
 Space Truss

Dr. Maha Moddather


Structural Systems in Steel Bldgs.
 Space Truss

Dr. Maha Moddather


Structural Systems in Steel Bldgs.
 Trussed Frame

Dr. Maha Moddather


Structural Systems in Steel Bldgs.
 Space Frame

Dr. Maha Moddather


Reference Books:

Salmon CG, Johnson JE, and Malhas FA [2009] Steel


Structures: Design and Behavior, 5th edition, Pearson
Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, USA, ISBN:
978-0-13-206119-3.
Abi O. Aghayere, Jason Vigil [2008], Structural Steel Design_
A Practice Oriented Approach, Prentice Hall.

Available in
Library

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