LESSON 88

Shapes and Figures That

Show Symmetry in a Line
OBJECTIVE:
Create figures that
show symmetry in a line
A. Preparatory Activity
Pre-Assessment
Refer to LM 88 Activity No. 1.
Key:
B. Developmental Activities
1. Motivation
“Today, we would play a guessing game. I’ll show
one-half of a figure and you have to guess what
the figure is. Are you ready?”
(“Yes, ma’am!”)
The teacher shows halves of different figures
and asks what figures they are parts of. The
teacher may use different orientations of the
figures to make them a little harder to guess.
Gawain 1
Iguhit ang lahat ng line of
symmetry na mayroon ang
bawat hugis. Gumamit ng
bukod na papel para sa
pagsasagot.
2. Presentation
“Class, today you are going to create figures that shows
symmetry. You will be needing some graphing papers,
scissors, a pencil and a ruler, so be ready with them.
Ideally, pupils should create figures starting from basic
shapes to more complex figures as the lesson progrresses.
Pupils may use any paper but graphing papers would make
the task easier especially if the figures have to follow
certain shapes and not random ones.
Pupils should be made to remember that creating figures
showing symmetry would always start by identifying the line
of symmetry which is usually the one that divides the paper
into two equal parts.
Creating symmetry in figures can be done in two ways. One
is by drawing half of the figure on any side of the line of
symmetry and involves folding and cutting. This is ideal for
figures with flowing lines and would always result to
symmetry. The other is by drawing the entire figure and
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involves counting equal number of squares in opposite
direction from the line of symmetry. A polygonal figure
lends itself easily to this method but curve figures may
prove to be a little difficult. In this method, care should
always be observed so that all edges on one side of the line
of symmetry match those on the other side. The teacher
should plan ahead on how to maximize the use of graphing
papers. Drawing the entire figure
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For the other two lines of symmetry of the square,
the same procedure applies. This process likewise
applies when creating rectangles using its two lines of
symmetry.
Isosceles Triangle
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The first step is to create the base of the triangle
which, ideally, should be located at the lower part of
the grid. From the line of symmetry, equal number of
squares should be counted and marked. In the figure,
4 squares were used on both sides. From these two
points, the two remaining sides of the triangle can be
drawn to any point along the line of symmetry.
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Circles
Circles have infinite number of lines of symmetry. For this
purpose, two perpendicular lines of symmetry are used
simultaneously dividing the square grid into 4 equal parts. As
mentioned earlier, it is not without difficulty creating
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symmetrical curve figures. The easiet way to accomplish this
would be to use the method by which models of circles are
created. However, another method may be employed which
requires the use of a quarter circle. From this, points are
plotted which are equally distant as the points in the arc are
from the lines of symmetry. There may be a need to rotate
the square grid when plotting the points.
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Freetyle Shapes
The fun of creating symmetrical figures starts
with freestyle shapes. This is achieved by
plotting pairs of opposite points equally distant
d All consecutive points
from the line of symmetry.
are then connected by a line segment. The figure
formed should be closed by connecting the last
two pairs of points to the line of symmetry. The
figures below are just two examples of the
countless number of shapes that can be formed
using this method.
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Real Life Shapes
When teaching pupils to create shapes of real life
objects it is best to use those whose outlines can be
easily perceived as representations of these objects.
Objects which require a lot of details would be very
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frustrating for most pupils to make. However, pupils
attempting to put some details in their illustrations
should not be prevented from doing so. Pupils should
also realize that figures become more defined if more
points are used in creating symmetrical figures. Below
are figures of a sea turtle and a tree whose outlines
can be easily seen as their representations.
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Folding and cutting
Folding and cutting is the easier method of creating figures that show symmetry in a line. It
merely requires drawing half of the figure on any side of the line of symmetry. The paper is
then folded along this line and, with scissors, cut around the outline of what was drawn. This
would have the same effect on the other side of the fold thereby yielding a symmetrical
figure. The teacher may use the previous shapes and figures in teaching this method to the
pupils. However, only closed figures that contain the line of symmetry may be used for this
purpose. All activities included in this guide only involved drawing the whole figure. The
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teacher has to make provisions for activities under folding and cutting which is just a
variation of the first method. He/she can introduce the second method using simple shapes
like squares, rectangles, triangles and circles (best if folded along several lines of
symmetry. Freestyle symmetrical shapes can be produced even without an outline. Folding
the paper before cutting it ensures that all figures formed are symmetrical regardless of
how the cutting was done. Cutting around outlines of real life shapes would be relatively
easy for the pupils if the drawings were made as simple as possible especially if they are
the ones to draw them.
3. Reinforcing Activity
Refer to LM 88 Activity No. 2.
Gawain 2 d
Buuin ang hugis upang
maipakita ang symmetry.
Gumamit ng bukod na papel
para sa pagsasagot.
Gawain 2
Buuin ang hugis upang
maipakita angdsymmetry.
Gumamit ng bukod na papel
para sa pagsasagot.
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4. Application
Refer to LM 88 Activity No. 3
The teacher should
d check if
there is correspondence of
every point/line relative to the
line of symmetry.
Gawain 3
Tapusin ang kayarian ng
d
bawat hugis. Gumamit ng
bukod na papel para sa
pagsasagot.
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5. Generalization
Making figures that exhibit symmetry in a line can be done
in two ways. The first is by drawing the whole image with
reference to the line of symmetry. This requires sketching
first half of the figure on any side of the line and marking
some critical points on it. The other half is accomplished by
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plotting points with reference to the critical points on the
outline. These points should be located opposite the critical
points and have the same distance from the line of
symmetry as their counterpart points.
The second method is by folding the paper along the line of
symmetry and cutting around the outline drawn on one side.
Perfect symmetry is made certain with the other half
directly under the side where the outline was drawn.
EVALUATION
Iguhit muli sa graphing paper
ang mga hugis nang
d naaayon sa
kanilang line of symmetry.
Gumamit ng bukod na papel
para sa pagsasagot.
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