Scribd
Upload
58 views26 pages

Digital Circuits - Decoders

A decoder converts binary input into encoded output, while an encoder performs the inverse by converting encoded input into binary output. A multiplexer selects one of several input lines to output based on a selection code, while a demultiplexer distributes a single input to one of several output lines based on a selection code. Demultiplexers are used to increase the number of output lines from a single input.

Uploaded by

Rexline S J
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
58 views26 pages

Digital Circuits - Decoders

A decoder converts binary input into encoded output, while an encoder performs the inverse by converting encoded input into binary output. A multiplexer selects one of several input lines to output based on a selection code, while a demultiplexer distributes a single input to one of several output lines based on a selection code. Demultiplexers are used to increase the number of output lines from a single input.

Uploaded by

Rexline S J
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 26

Digital Circuits - Decoders

Decoder

• Decoder is a combinational circuit that has ‘n’ input lines and


maximum of 2n output lines.
• A decoder is a combinational circuit that converts binary information
from n input lines to a maximum of 2^n unique output lines.
• The outputs of the decoder are nothing but the min terms of ‘n’ input
variables (lines), when it is enabled.
2-4 line decoder
The input variables represent a binary number and the outputs represent the
eight digits of the octal number system.
Encoders

• An encoder is a digital circuit that performs the inverse operation of a


decoder.
• An encoder has 2" (or less) input lines and n output lines.

• The output lines generate the binary code corresponding to the input
value.
• An example of an encoder is the octal-to-binary encoder.
• It has eight inputs, one for each of the octal digits, and three outputs that
generate the corresponding binary number.
• The encoder can be implemented with OR gates whose inputs are
determined directly from the truth table.
• These conditions can be expressed by the following Boolean
functions:
• Ao = D1 + D3 + D5 + D7
• A1 = D2 + D3 + D6 + D7

• A2 = D4 + D5 + D6 + D7
• The encoder can be implemented with three OR gates.
• Ao = D1 + D3 + D5 + D7

• A1 = D2 + D3 + D6 + D7
• A2 = D4 + D5 + D6 + D7
Multiplexers

• A multiplexer is a combinational circuit that receives binary information


from one of 2" input data lines and directs it to a single output line.

• The selection of a particular input data line for the output is determined
by a set of selection inputs.

• A 2n-to-1 multiplexer has 2" input data lines and n input selection lines
whose bit combinations determine which input data are selected for the
output.
4-to-1-line multiplexer

• A 4-to-1-line multiplexer is shown in the following figure.

• Each of the four data inputs I0 through I3, is applied to


one input of an AND gate.
• The two selection inputs S1 and S0 are decoded to select
a particular AND gate.
• The outputs of the AND gates are applied to a single OR
gate to provide the single output.
• To demonstrate the circuit operation, consider the case when S1S0 = 10.

• The AND gate associated with input I2, has two of its inputs equal to 1.

• The third input of the gate is connected to I2.

• The other three AND gates have at least one input equal to 0, which
makes their outputs equal to 0.

• The OR gate output is now equal to the value of I2, thus providing a path

from the selected input to the output.


• When the selection inputs are equal to 00, output Y is equal to input I0.

• When the selection inputs are equal to 01, input I1 has a path to output Y,
and similarly for the other two combinations.
• The multiplexer is also called a data selector, since it selects one of many
data inputs and steers the binary information to the output.
Demultiplexer

• A demultiplexer (or demux) is a device that takes a single input

line and routes it to one of several digital output lines.

• A demultiplexer of 2n outputs has n select lines, which are used

to select which output line to send the input.

• A demultiplexer is also called a data distributor.

• The reverse of the digital demultiplexer is the digital multiplexer


1 to 4 Demultiplexer

• The 1 to 4 demultiplexer consists of one input, four outputs, and


two control lines to make selections .
• The input bit is Data D with two select lines A and B.

• The input bit D is transmitted to four output bits Y0, Y1, Y2, and Y4.
1 to 4 Demultiplexer

Truth Table
• When AB is 01 The upper second AND gate is enabled while the other
AND gate is disabled. Thus, only one data is transmitted at Y1.

• If D is low, then Y1 is low and if D is high, Y1 is high.

• The value of Y1 depends on the value of D.

• If the control input changes to AB=10 all the gates are disabled
except the third AND gate from the top.

• Then D is transmitted to output Y2.


1 to 8 Demultiplexer

• A 1 to 8 demultiplexer consists of one

input line, 8 output lines and 3 select

lines. Let the input be D, S1 and S2 are

two select lines and eight outputs from

Y0 to Y7. It is also called as 3 to 8

demux because of the 3 selection lines. 


Truth Table

You might also like