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Q3.2 History of Life On Earth: General Biology 2

The document summarizes the history of life on Earth. It describes how life first emerged around 3.5 billion years ago and has evolved over time through processes like evolution and extinction. Major events include the emergence of early life forms, the development of the geologic timescale with eons, eras, periods and epochs, and five mass extinction events that caused dramatic biodiversity loss. Understanding Earth's history can help appreciate the complexity of life today and importance of conservation.

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446 views23 pages

Q3.2 History of Life On Earth: General Biology 2

The document summarizes the history of life on Earth. It describes how life first emerged around 3.5 billion years ago and has evolved over time through processes like evolution and extinction. Major events include the emergence of early life forms, the development of the geologic timescale with eons, eras, periods and epochs, and five mass extinction events that caused dramatic biodiversity loss. Understanding Earth's history can help appreciate the complexity of life today and importance of conservation.

Uploaded by

charlotte
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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General Biology 2

Q3.2
History of Life on Earth
Learning Competency:
Describe general features of the history of
life on Earth, including generally accepted
dates and sequence of the Geologic Time
Scale and characteristics of major groups of
organisms present during these time periods.
Introduction
• The history of life on Earth is filled
with many fascinating events. These
events present important pieces of
information that will help us understand
how life on earth came to be. Learning
the history of life deepens our
understanding and appreciation for all
living things, including our fellow
humans.
Unlocking terms…
• OLYNRVUTEOIA
EVOLUTIONARYOOYBLGI
BIOLOGY

• TVUNOELIO
EVOLUTION
PALEONTOLOGY
• NOAEYPGLOTLO

BIOGEOGRAPHY
• AIRGBOGHEYOP
GEOLOGY
• LGEYOGO
• EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY is the branch of biology
that deals with the study of how life started on earth and
how it gave rise to the many species that now exist.
• EVOLUTION- is a gradual process of change over a
period of time.
• PALEONTOLOGY- is the scientific study of the
existence of life, including the origin and eventual
destruction or extinction of different groups of organisms.
• BIOGEOGRAPHY- is the branch of biology that deals
with the study of how species spread across the planet.
• GEOLOGY- is the branch of science that deals with the
study of the earth and its geologic processes.
• The Earth is 4.6 billion years old.
• Life on Earth arose around 3.5 billion years ago.
• Over Earth’s vast history, both gradual and
catastrophic processes have produced enormous
changes both on Earth itself and the organisms that
lives on it.
• Early life-forms found ways to evolve and adapt to the
harsh environment they lived in. Humans, too, have
adaptations to thrive in ever-changing environments
Timeline of Events
• Is a visual representation of a chronological sequence of
events along a drawn line that helps a viewer understand
time relationships. 

•  GEOLOGIC TIMESCALE- presents the sequence of


events that happened in the Earth’s history in various
divisions of known relative age.

• GEOLOGIC TIMESCALE- presents the sequence of


events that happened in the Earth’s history in various
divisions of known relative age.
Our Geologic timescale is an important tool that
visually shows Earth’s history. With the help of this
timescale, we can look at the past and identify the
organisms that have existed a long time ago.
Geologic time Scale
EON- largest division of the geologic time scale; spans
hundreds to thousands of million of years ago (mya).
Subdivided into:
• Hadean eon-(4.6 to 3.9 billion years old) dust and
gases
• Archaeozoic eon- (3.9 to 2.5 billion years ago)
• Proterozoic eon- (2.5 billion years old to 540 million
years old
• Phanerozoic eon- which began more than 500 million
years ago
ERAS- division in an Era that span time periods of tens to
hundreds of millions of years. Subdivided into:
• Paleozoic- began about 540 million years ago and lasted
for about 300 million years.
• Mesozoic- began about 200 million years ago and lasted
for about 180 million years. This era is also called the
“age of dinosaurs”, and sometimes, the “age of reptiles”.
• Cenozoic- is considered to be the latest era in the
geologic timeline, which began from 65 million years
ago up to the present. During this era, mammals evolved
and adapted to live in various environments, including
land, water and air. Sometimes called the “age of
mammals”.
PERIOD- a division of geologic history that
spans no more than one hundred million years
• Quarternary, Tertiary
• Cretaceous, Jurassic, Triassic
“Age of reptiles”
• Permian, Pennsylvanian, Mississippian
“Age of amphibians”
• Devonian, Silurian- “Age of fishes”
• Ordovician, Cambrian- “Age of invertebrates”
Vendian-”Soft-bodied faunas”
EPOCH- the smallest division of the geologic
time scale characterized by distinctive
organisms.
• Holocene
• Pleistocene
• Pliocene
• Miocene
• Oligocene
• Eocene
• Palaeocene
Performance Task #2

• Objective: To be able to make your own


Personal Timeline
• In a long bondpaper, write your own
personal timeline
Heading: “It’s a matter of Time”
• Guide Questions
Example:
Guide Questions:
What happened?
• Do you see any similarity of your personal timeline
to the geologic time scale of the Earth’s history?
• How will you describe the technique used in
creating your timeline?
What now?
• What is your realizations while creating your
personal timeline?
• What is the significance of studying the history of
life to the future of Science?
•
• Learning how life originated on Earth
can help you understand how
complex life-forms have become.
The efforts of different scientists
have enabled us to learn the history
of life on earth.
Word to remember!
• BIODIVERSITY- refers to the number and kinds
of organisms in a particular habitat or ecosystem.
Change in biodiversity is influenced by two
fundamental evolutionary processes:
a. Speciation- is the emergence of new species as a
result of divergence between groups that comprised
pre-existing populations.
b. Extinction- the disappearance of species for
failing to adapt to changes in the environment.
• Mass Extinction- these are sudden and cause
dramatic loss in biodiversity
Overview of the five mass extinction
events in earth’s history
1. Trilobite
• Suspected cause:
Dramatic fluctuations in
sea level

2. Placoderm
• Suspected cause:
Global cooling loss of
oxygen in oceans
3.Rugose coral
• Suspected cause:
Dramatic fluctuations in climate or sea
level;asteroid or comet impacts; severe volcanic
activity
4. Phylosaur teeth
• Suspected cause:
Severe volcanism;
global warming

5. Mosasaur
• Suspected cause:
-Impact severe volcanism
-most famous and
well-understood
extinction event
ESSENTIAL LEARNING

Earth is over 4.6 billion years old. Its history shows


us how life evolved from the simplest to the most
complex. Its present-day ecosystems have become
habitable to many forms of life. Thus, you have to take
care of these ecosystems by practicing the 3Rs (reuse,
reduce, and recycle). By doing so, you help conserve and
protect Earth’s natural resources for future generations.
• 
•  
God bless and keep safe
everyone!

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