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Department of Software Engineering Assignment of Multimedia System Course Code (Seng 3102)

This document contains information about a multimedia systems assignment for a group of 6 students. It lists the group members and their student IDs. The document then provides an introduction to audio, including definitions of audio, how it is measured in hertz, common audio file formats, and how audio can be streamed or sent as standalone files. It also discusses digital representation of audio through digitization and sampling.

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42 views

Department of Software Engineering Assignment of Multimedia System Course Code (Seng 3102)

This document contains information about a multimedia systems assignment for a group of 6 students. It lists the group members and their student IDs. The document then provides an introduction to audio, including definitions of audio, how it is measured in hertz, common audio file formats, and how audio can be streamed or sent as standalone files. It also discusses digital representation of audio through digitization and sampling.

Uploaded by

Elisa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COLLAGE OF INFORMATICS

DEPARTMENT OF SOFTWARE ENGINEERING


ASSIGNMENT OF MULTIMEDIA SYSTEM
COURSE CODE (SEng 3102)

GROUP MEMBER
NAME………..……………………………………..…ID
AMANUEL WORKU ------------------------------------- WOUR/1036/11
MILKESA FANTAHUN------------------------------------WOUR/0736/11
GEMECHIS WONDIMU----------------------------------WOUR/0645/11
AMANUEL TEGEGN--------------------------------------WOUR/1032/11
AMANUEL DEREJE--------------------------------------WOUR/1037/11
KINDU GEBRE--------------------------------------------WOUR/0697/11
MULTIMEDIA SYSTEM

AUDIO
Introduction
Audio is a term used to describe any sound or noise in a range the human ear is
capable of hearing.
Audio is compromise the spoken words, voices, music and even noise
Measured in hertz, the audio signal on a computer is generated using a sound card
and heard through speakers or headphones
Audio files are usually compressed for storage or faster transmission.
Audio files can be sent in short stand-alone segments - for example, as files in
the Wave file format.

In order for users to receive sound in real-time for a multimedia effect, listening to
music, or in order to take part in an audio or video conference, sound must be
delivered as streaming sound.
Digital representation of Audio

Digital audio is a representation of sound recorded in, or converted


into, digital form.
Digitization: process involved in transforming an analog signal
to digital signal
Digitization of Sound Sound is a continuous wave that travels
through the air

The wave is made up of pressure differences. Sound is detected by


measuring the pressure level at a particular location.
Digital representation of Audio

Audio is a data type and form of media which displays sounds with an information
system Audio can be collected by microphones or created and manipulated using
software .Data which needs to be recorded in order to create audio file includes
Sampling Rate:
the number of times a sample (slice)is taken from the sound wave.CD audio has

around 44,100 samples per second


Sample Size(BIT Resolution):
number of bits per sample. The most common sampling sizes are 8bit sound and
16 bit sound .the more bits are available ,the more sound are available
Time: Duration of the Audio File  
time
Calculating Audio File Size
For example in the scenario where
Sampling Rate=44.KHZ sample size=16bit Time=60 seconds stereo Output
stereo Output Audio File Calculation
Sample Rate x sample Size x Time
(44100HZ x 16 Bits x 60 seconds)x2
=84,672,000 bits/8-----> Converted to byte(8)
=10,584,000 bytes/1024/1024
convert into KB convert into MB

=10.09 MB
Digital Audio Basics
• Digital audio is music, speech, and other sounds represented in binary format for
use in digital devices.

• Most digital devices have a built-in microphone and audio software, so


recording external sounds is easy.

Digital Audio File Formats


• A digital file can be identified by its type or its file extension, such as
Thriller.mp3 (an audio file).

• The most popular digital audio formats are: AAC, MP3, Ogg, Vorbis, WAV,
FLAC, and WMA
Sound recognition 
 Sound Recognition is Translating spoken words into text .
 Sound recognition is a technology, which is based on both
traditional pattern recognition theories and audio signal analysis methods.

 Sound recognition technologies contain preliminary data


processing, feature extraction and classification algorithms.

 Sound recognition can classify feature vectors. Feature vectors are created
as a result of preliminary data processing and linear predictive coding
Cont’d
Sound recognition technologies are used for:
1. Music recognition
2. Speech recognition
Music recognition: refers to technology which is used to help identify
music through sound
Speech recognition is an interdisciplinary  subfield of computer
science and computational linguistics that develops methodologies and
technologies that enable the recognition and translation of spoken language into
text by computers. It is also known as automatic speech
recognition (ASR), computer speech recognition or speech to text (STT).
Audio Presentation
 Presentation- refers to the type of physical means to reproduce information to
the user.

Audio output
• drives a signal (digital or analog) into another device's audio input
• For example, the TV can play sound through an external speaker by
connecting the TV's audio output to the speaker's audio input via a cable
or a wireless connection
Example of output device

 Speakers

 Headphones
Collect(Enter)Audio

Source data entry devices


Source data entry devices are used for audio input, video input and to enter the
source document directly to the computer. Source data entry devices do not
require data to be typed-in, keyed-in or pointed to a particular location.
Audio Input device
Audio input can be provided to the computer using human voice or
speech.
Audio input to the computer can be used for different purposes. It can
be used for making telephone calls, for audio and video conferencing
over Internet, to record voice, to create audio files and embed these files
to be sent over e-mail, or, to translate spoken words into text, etc.
Example
 Microphone
microphone is used to input a person’s voice into the computer.
microphones allow users to speak to the computer in order to record a voice
message or navigate software.
 Sound card:
A sound card translates analog audio signals from microphone into digital codes
that the computer can store and process
Sound card also translates back the digital sound into analog signals that can be
sent to the speakers.
Storing Audio
Digital audio can be stored on a CD, a digital audio player, a hard drive, a
USB flash drive, or any other digital data storage device
Ways to store audio information
1 Tape
 Magnetic tape on which sound can be recorded
2 CD (compact disc)
 A plastic-fabricated, circular medium for recording, storing,and playing
back audio, video,and computer data.
3 USB Drive
 An external flash drive small enough to carry on akey ring, that can be
used with any computer that has a USB port
4 Memory Card
 Is a small storage medium used to store data such as text, pictures, audio and video,
for use on small, portable, or remote computing device
5 computer hard drive
 Secondary storage devices for storing audio file
6 internet/ cloud
 Websites or file repositories for retrieving audio files, and more precisely the files are
stored in the some datacenter full of servers that is connect to the internet

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