Scribd
Upload
87 views

FC 106 (Lecture 4)

This document discusses different types of drugs, including their classification, effects, and dangers. It covers stimulants like amphetamines and methamphetamine, hallucinogens like LSD, ecstasy, and marijuana, and depressants like narcotics, tranquilizers, sedatives, hypnotics, and inhalants. The document provides street names, how each drug is taken, both short-term and long-term effects, and health risks of drug abuse, addiction, and overdose. It also discusses drugs according to their origin as natural or synthetic, and legal classification systems.

Uploaded by

Johnpatrick Dejesus
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
87 views

FC 106 (Lecture 4)

This document discusses different types of drugs, including their classification, effects, and dangers. It covers stimulants like amphetamines and methamphetamine, hallucinogens like LSD, ecstasy, and marijuana, and depressants like narcotics, tranquilizers, sedatives, hypnotics, and inhalants. The document provides street names, how each drug is taken, both short-term and long-term effects, and health risks of drug abuse, addiction, and overdose. It also discusses drugs according to their origin as natural or synthetic, and legal classification systems.

Uploaded by

Johnpatrick Dejesus
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 17

Forensic

Chemistry
and
Toxicology
Lecture 3

Prepared by: John Patrick De


CHAPTER V: Drugs

Drugs
Classification of Drugs
What is Drug?
• Is a chemical substance that brings about
physical, physiological, behavioral and/or
psychological change in a person taking it.

• All medicines as drugs, but not all drugs are


medicine drug.

3
Medicinal drugs
• A substance which, when taken into the human
body cures illness and/or relieves
signs/symptoms of disease.
Dangerous drugs
• A substance affecting the central nervous
system which, when taken into the human body
brings about physical, emotional, or behavioral
changes in a person taking it.

4
What is Drug abuse?
• Any non-medical use of drugs that causes
physical, legal, economic, or social damage to
the user or people affected by the user’s
behavior.
• Abuse usually refers to illegal drugs by may
also be applicable to drugs that are available
legally, such as prescribed medications and
certain over-the-counter medications.

5
Classification of drugs
According to origin:
• Natural drugs – are active ingredients,
secondary metabolic products of plants or other
living systems that may be isolated by
extractions.
Examples:
• Raw opium
• Marijuana
• Coca bush

6
Synthetic drugs
• Are artificially produced substances synthesized in the
laboratory for the illicit market, which is almost
manufactured from chemical compounds in illicit
laboratories.
• Examples:
• Methamphetamine
• Barbiturates

7
According to legal classification

• RA 9165 (Comprehensive Dangerous Act


of 2002)
• PD 1619 (Volatile Substances)
• RA 6425 9(Regulated and prohibited)

8
Prohibited and Regulated
(Dangerous Drugs) RA 9165
Classification: (Clandestine manufacturing process)
 Immediate precursor
 Essential Chemicals
 Narcotic, Psychotropic, and designer
(International Classification)

9
According to pharmacological definitions:

• Stimulants
• Hallucinogens
• Depressants
• Inhalants

10
Stimulants
• Drugs that increase the alertness of physical disposition.
Example: Amphetamine
Street name: Eye opener, lid poppers, pep pills, uppers, hearts
Effects: reduces appetite, relieves mental depression, comfort
fatigue, and sleepiness
General: Wakefulness increased alertness/initiative
Toxic: from restlessness to coma and death
Dangers: Dependence, overdose, violent/ bizarre behavior

11
Stimulants
Example: Shabu (Methamphetamine Hydrochloride)
Street name: poor man’s Cocaine, S, Shabs, Siopao, ubas, sha, ice
Characteristics: White, odorless crystal/ crystalline powder with a bitter
numbing taste.
How taken: Ingestion, inhalation (Chasing the dragon), sniffing, injection,
smoke.
Effects:
General: Anxiety, irritability, irrational behavior
Long-term: psychosis, difficulty in concentrating, loss of interest in
sex
Physical: chest pain, irregular heartbeat, hypertension, convulsion,
death
Dangers: injection from contaminated needles may lead to a risk of
infections.

12
Hallucinogens
• Drugs which affects sensation, thinking, self-awareness and
emotion.
Example: Ecstacy
Street name: XTC, Adam, essence, E, Herbals
Effects: exaggerated emotions, makes HR and BP hike up, dries
the mouth, stiffens arms, legs, jaw, dilates pupils of the eyes,
causes faintness, chills sweating and nausea.
How taken: Swallowing or inhalation
Dangers: It can really kill

13
Hallucinogens
Example: LSD (Lysergic Acid Diethylamide
Street name: Lucy in the Sky with diamonds, wedding bells, acid, white
sugar, lighting, cubes, brain eaters.
What it is: a semi-synthetic alkaloid substance extracted from a fungus that
grows on rye, wheat, and other grains; odorless, tasteless, colorless
Effects:
Psychological – vivid hallucinations, confusion, blurring, and the
distinction between conscious and unconscious thought, etc.
Physical – dilated pupils, flushed face, increase BP
Dangers: ay cause abnormal amount of breakage of chromosomes of
WBCs that carry genes, which may result to miscarriages and birth defects.

14
Hallucinogens
Example: Marijuana
Street name: ary Jane, Flower, Pampapogi, Brownies, damo, pot, tea, joint,
dope
What it is: it comes from Cannabis Sativa L. (Indian Hemp) and looks like
fine green tobacco.
How taken: Smoke, Inhaled, Orally
Effects:
Immediate – Faster heartbeat, bloodshot eyes, dry mouth
Long-term – Chest pain, temporary loss of fertility, cancer
Dangers: sows down user’s mental and psychomotor activities, long-term
use may lead to psychological dependence, cancer

15
Depressants
Are drugs that depress or lower the functions of the Central Nervous
System
Types of depressants
Narcotics – induces sleep (Hypnotics) or stupor and relieves pain
(Analgesics)
• Something that soothes or causes a sensation of mental numbness.
• This includes opium, opiates, heroin, morphine, and cocaine
Tranquilizers – A substance that reduces anxiety, eases tension and relaxes
muscles.
Sedatives and Hypnotics- calm the nerves, reduce tension, and induce
sleep.
Ex. Barbiturates, alcohol

16
Inhalants – these are any liquid, solid or mixed substance
that has the property of releasing toxic (psychoactive)
vapors or fumes.
Examples: Solvent, glue, gasoline, kerosene, paint, thinner,
etc.

17

You might also like