ENVIRONMENTAL
COMPLIANCE IN INDOOR
RESIDUAL SPRAY
PROGRAMME
TRAINING OF TRAINERS
FOR IRS -27t to 31st August, 2018
Presented By: Fortune Bweenje
Venue Senanga Nursing School Senanga,
Western Province Zambia.
Purpose of this presentation, is to enable district
participants to;
Understand ZEMA’s Mandate in relation to IRS
programmes
Understand the legal requirements that exists in the
country, on insecticide, transportation, storage, use
and disposal
Appreciate the environmental challenges faced in
IRS programs and possible solutions
Understand the importance of undertaking an
Environmental Impact Assessment before IRS
implementation
Zambia Environmental Management
Agency ( ZEMA )
This is a statutory body established under the
Environmental Management Act (EMA) No.
12 of 2011, Cap 204 Part XI of the Laws of
Zambia.
THE ZEMA MANDATE
To protect the environment and control pollution, so as to
provide for the health and welfare of persons, animals, plants
and the environment.
By Definition Environmental Health is science
devoted to protecting and improving health of
human population by limiting their exposure
to biological, chemical and physical hazards
in their environment through dissemination
of information pertaining to the environment.
Environmental Compliance issues in IRS
Environmental Compliance Requisites
ZEMA EM Act International Conventions
PTS Regulations, SI 20 of
Ramsar
1994
Importing Permit Basel
Export Permit Stockholm
Transportation Rotterdam
Packaging
Labeling
Trading
Storage
Usage
Disposal
(Subsidiary legislation, EIA)
International Conventions and IRS
Districts should take a keen interest in familiarizing themselves
with established rights and obligations among nations that relate
to IRS.
These are binding and MUST be respected by all members
engaged in IRS programs .
International Conventions
Zambia is a Signatory to:
TheRamsar convention: This deals with Wetlands
(Ramsar, Iran, 1971)
The Basel convention: This covers the movement of
hazardous wastes across international frontiers & the
development of criteria for environmentally sound
management of wastes
The Stockholm convention: This defines what constitutes Persistent
Organic Pollutants (POPs), and member states that are signatories
TheRotterdam convention: This deals with International Trade in
Hazardous chemicals
ZEMA Licenses relating to “Pesticides & Toxic
Substances Regulations”
Import/export
Store
Distribute
Transport
Change
Pest control
Fumigation
Manufacturing
Environmental Compliance Assessment -
Process
1. Pre-season Environmental Compliance Performed 3 months
before spray season.
Assessment
2. Work List of critical needs, Purchase
Requisitions, follow-up.
5. Post-Season
Inspection –
3. Pre-season Final Inspection - Performed Done 2-4
upon receipt of contractor invoice or other weeks after
work completion reports. spraying.
4. Pre-, Mid-, and Post-Spray Inspections - Performed
throughout the spray season, during: Morning
Mobilization; Daily spray operations, and End-of-Day
Clean-up. Constitutes mid-spray report(s)
Best Management Practices (BMP)
BMP establish and maintain
procedures to identify
environmental aspects that can
be “mitigated” by working with
various stakeholders.
The Following Health and Safety measures have
been developed for IRS:
1. All operators to be medically examined. Pregnant tests for
ladies and ready.
2. Adequate PPE’s gumboots, goggles, helmets, overalls, PVC
gloves
3. First Aid Box: (bandages rolls, eye wash, hydrocortisone
cream, calamine lotion gauze, aspirin, antibiotic cream)
4. Emergency response procedures posted on the wall, with
phone number for stand-by Clinician.
5. Standard operating procedures for IRS
6. Four by 20litres of clean water carried in the field for
emergency preparedness in case of accidental formulation
contamination to operators and community
Checklists administered
Pre-season environmental compliance
assessment (2-3 months before spray)
Pre-spray inspection
Spray inspection
End of day inspection – wash-up
Post-spray inspection - waste disposal
Key focus areas of inspection
Physical store structures
Inventory control measures adopted
Soak pit construction
Soak pit usage and operational issues
Maintenance issues- Soak pit, showers,
etc.
Empty cartons and empty plastic bottles
disposal
13
SOAK PIT DESIGN
Soak pit & Shower rooms
Shower rooms
Fence
wires
Mobile Soak pit
Use 20 L bucket for the MSP container of
about 35cm high
~7 cm (20% of height) of wood shavings,
~17cm of granulated activated carbon
(GAC) (50%), and ~11cm (30%) of gravel.
This will provide a deep bed of GAC, and
greater capacity for pesticide adsorption.
Drill one 1.5 cm hole in the center of the bottom of the bucket before
adding any materials.
Fine nylon window screening at the bottom of the bucket, in between the
wood chip & GAC layers, & between GAC & the stone.
MOBILE SOAK PIT
Soak Pit
Why manage effluent waste?
Unsound or improper disposal of the IRS effluent
can pollute and cause adverse risk and damage to
human health and the environment
Soak Pit: a specially constructed hole for disposing
of biodegradable waste (non DDT waste).
Progressive Rinsing: method used to clean spray
pumps and re-use water from rinsing the next
spray day (Spray pumps & “triple rinsing of bottles
at base)
Wash Areas: place or structure where washing of
PPE occurs
18
Incinerator
Ensure that the management
and disposal of solid waste from
IRS is consistent with
international and national
guidelines for pesticide disposal
Disposable respiratory masks
Material covering sheets
Occasionally contaminated materials
recovered from accidental spills
Storage Facility
Insecticides for malaria management
carries inherent risks to human health &
the environment:
Improper storage of insecticides
threatens environmental
contamination
Improper storage can negatively impact the health of people
living or working in the vicinity of the facility
Locate away from residential homes, food markets, animal feed
depots and general stores to allow for easy evacuation in case
of an emergency
Storage Facility
Out of potential flood zones, water
zones, wells and other water supplies
for domestic or stock animal use
Out of an elevated groundwater level
zone
Easily accessible by transport
Spill Kit
What to Check
Sawdust or dry soil
Long-handled brush with stiff bristles
Short-handled brush & pan
Water supply
Detergent
Fire-fighting equipment:
fire extinguisher
Emergency first aid equipment:
first aid box, including eyewash set
22
TRANSPORTATION VEHICLE INSPECTION
If this vehicle transports pesticide, can the
pesticides be adequately secured and tied down
in the vehicle?
Does the vehicle have a fire extinguisher?
If this vehicle transports operators, does the
spray operator transport vehicle have seats and
railings?
Are the operators properly seated in the
transport vehicle with the pump secured
between their legs?
Is there evidence of pesticide leakage in the
trucks?
COMMON MISTAKES MADE IN
THE DISTRICTS
TRANSPORTATION VEHICLE INCIDENTS
RECORDS
Have there been any incidents of
pesticide exposure?
Have there been any vehicular accidents?
ENVIRONMENTAL OFFENCES &
PENALTIES Relating to
Environmental Management Act, No 12 of 2011, Cap
204, Part XI
ENVIRONMENTAL OFFENCES & PENALTIES
Environmental Management Act, No 12 of 2011, Cap 204, Part XI
Offences relating to EIAs:
117. A person who—
(a) Willfully fails to undertake an environmental impact
assessment contrary to the provisions of this Act;
Commits an offence and is liable, upon conviction, to a
fine not exceeding seven hundred thousand penalty units
or to imprisonment for a period not exceeding seven
years, or to both.
ENVIRONMENTAL OFFENCES & PENALTIES
Environmental Management Act, No 12 of 2011, Cap 204, Part XI
Offences relating to biological diversity:
120. A person who—
(c) unlawfully disturbs the habitat of a biological
resource in contravention of this Act;
Commits an offence and is liable, upon conviction, to
a fine not exceeding five hundred thousand penalty
units or to imprisonment for a period not exceeding
five years, or to both.
ENVIRONMENTAL OFFENCES & PENALTIES
Environmental Management Act, No 12 of 2011, Cap 204, Part XI
Offences relating to hazardous waste materials, chemicals:
121.
A person who:
(a)
Fails to manage any hazardous waste and materials in accordance with
this Act;
(b)
Imports or exports any hazardous waste contrary to this Act;
(f) Disposes of any chemical contrary to this Act or hazardous waste within
the Republic; or
(g)
withholds information or provides false information about the
management of hazardous wastes, chemicals or radio-active substances;
Commits
an offence and is liable, upon conviction, to a fine not exceeding
one million penalty units, or to imprisonment for a period not exceeding
ten years, or to both.
ENVIRONMENTAL OFFENCES & PENALTIES
Environmental Management Act, No 12 of 2011, Cap 204, Part XI
Offences relating to pesticides and toxic substances
122. (1) A person shall not:
(a) Detach, alter or destroy the labelling of a pesticide or
toxic substance; or
(b) Use or dispose into the environment a pesticide or toxic
substance in contravention of this Act.
(3) A person who contravenes this section commits an
offence and is liable, upon conviction, to a fine not exceeding
five hundred thousand penalty units or to imprisonment for
a period not exceeding five years, or to both.
DDT Evaporation Tank with Roof
Evaporation Wash Bay
Completed Evaporation Tank
Wash bay for other insecticides
Soak Pit Design
Pyrethroid Soak Pit Closed up
Soak Pit and wash bay
CARING INTO THE
FUTURE
Plant a tree! To reverse the
damage because I care; Do
you!!!!!!!?
Thank you for
your attention
