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How Computers Communicate

The document discusses how computers communicate internally and with other devices. Internally, computers use a system bus to transfer data between the CPU, memory, and input/output components using three types of buses: a data bus to transfer data, an address bus to specify locations in memory, and a control bus for sending commands. Externally, computers can connect to other devices through either wired connections like USB, Ethernet, or older connectors, or wirelessly through technologies like Bluetooth or WiFi to form personal, local, or wide area networks.

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Sherrizah Alido
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149 views

How Computers Communicate

The document discusses how computers communicate internally and with other devices. Internally, computers use a system bus to transfer data between the CPU, memory, and input/output components using three types of buses: a data bus to transfer data, an address bus to specify locations in memory, and a control bus for sending commands. Externally, computers can connect to other devices through either wired connections like USB, Ethernet, or older connectors, or wirelessly through technologies like Bluetooth or WiFi to form personal, local, or wide area networks.

Uploaded by

Sherrizah Alido
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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How Computers

Communicate
with one another
Notice how the computers
uses the different ways to
connect to certain devices.
The computers uses a wire to
connect to the computer
unit while the mouse
wirelessly connects to the
laptop, etc. Depending on
the situation, computers use
different connection
methods to do their tasks.
System bus

A computer system. On its own. Communicates through what is called a


system bus. A system bus is a pathway composed of cable and
connectors used to carry data from a computer’s peripheral devices-
monitor, keyboard, mouse, etc.- to the CPU and the main memory.
There are three type of buses the data bus, address bus, and control
bus
INPUT &
CPU MEMORY OUTPUT

Control bus

System bus
Address bus

Data bus
Data
Bus
A data bus can transfer data to and from the memory of a computer, or
into or out of the CPU. Examples of pieces of information that traverse
the data bus include files transferred from a flash to the computer’s
hard drive and document sent to the printer for printing
Address
bus
Address bus is use by the CPU to specify a physical address for
instruction, files, and other devices within the computer system. For
example in a given computer unit, there are typically 6 to 8 USB ports.
The address bus is responsible for checking which of the USB ports has
a printer connected to it along with the mouse, keyboard, and
sometimes even external drives.
Control Bus
A control bus is used by CPUs to communicate with other devices within the computer
system. As the address bus carries the actual data being processed, the control bus carries
the commands or instructions from the CPU. It also send status signals from the devices,
identifying if it is ready or not. The typical read/write commands are identified though the
control bus.
Example if one tries to save a file to a flash drive that is already removed from computer,
the computer will notify the user with an error saying that the folder is no longer existing.
Because the original destination or location can no longer be sent through the address bus
because of the connection. Therefore the CPU sends a halt instruction via the control bus,
stopping the data to be sent through the data bus, often sees an error message prompt.
.

How Computers
connect to
other Computers
Computer network
System

01 02 03

Personal area Local area Wide area


Network Network Network
(PAN) (LAN) (WAN)
Personal area network
(PAN)
It’s a type of connection which is often limited to an individual person and
his or her personal devices. Normally, these devices must be within the
range of 10 meters with each other.
Example, a person traveling with a laptop, a smartphone, and a portable
printer could interconnect the devices without having a plug anything in,
using some form of wireless technology.
Local area network
(LAN)
It’s a connection in which a group of computers and other devices,
such as network printers, share a common communications line within
a certain area such a building or a small campus. LANs are often found
in school and offices to secure the organization information.
Example, some school uses LANs within their campuses so that
students can connect to the internet. But student cant access to
websites inside the campus.
Wide area network
(WAN)
May be less restrictive than LAN as rule and policies may differ within Its
coverage. A WAN may be made of several LANs and PANs. A WAN Ca also
be made up of several more WANs. This is why WAN is considered
synonymous to the internet.
Methods of
Communication
01 02

Wired Wireless
communicati communicati
on
Different types of Itson
the transmission of
cables are used to voice and data without
connect to a network cable or wires
USB Universal serial bus (USB) is a
connection or interface that allows
the computer to communicate with
system peripherals such as keyboard,
mouse, printer, etc.

Firewire It’s a typical of connector that can


transmit data to and from devices
which have typical high data rates,
transfer is faster than USB.

Ethernet cable Transmit signals between a computer


And network devices such as a router,
switch, or other computers.

HDMI It’s a connector for transmitting


audio/video data which are
compatible to computers, projectors,
and digital televisions.
Older computer
units
VGA The 15-pin video graphics Array (VGA)
connector has bee provided on many
video cards, computer monitor, laptop
computer, & projector. Its now slowly
being phased out in reason of the faster
and more compact HDMI connector.

Serial An RS-232 serial connection was once a


standard features of a personal
computer used for connections to
modem, printer, mouse, and other
peripheral devices. Now, it has been
replace by USB connections .
Living in the information technology Era
Parallel Similar to the serial connection,
were used before to connect other
computer peripherals such printers.
Also been replace since then by the
USB connections

PS/2 Its 6-pin connector used to connect


mouse and keyboard to a computer
it is color-coded to identify which
peripheral will be connected to
which port.

Audio jacks

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