LESSON 2: HOW

DO I STUDY ART?
MAKING ART
Learning objectives:

Learn how art communicates colors, symbolic

quality of shape, management, quality of
texture, the drama of lighting, and many others
Be able to read design principles behind some
effective and though providing art form and
graphic designs.
Explore materials and techniques through
firsthand experience.
INTRODUCTION

These lesson will cover these topics;

Element and principle, design psychology, and
materials techniques. These are meant you to
gain first-hand experience on the creative
process and what goes on inside an artistic
pursuit. In the same way, we can learn to
appreciate art by taking time to carefully look
at the ``ingredients`` that make up the
different art forms.
Art and Elements and Principles

Element of Art – are the formal or

tangible aspects of art.
Principles of Design – are long held
composition techniques which have
been proven and used by both fine and
graphic artists to communicate ideas
and concept effectively.
ART ELEMENTS
a. Line - lines can be expressive and have a quality of its own, like: scribbles,
whimsical or naive lines, implied lines, blurred lines, and calligraphic lines.
b. Shape – three basic kinds: geometric, biomorphic and amorphous. Shape can
also be implied (shapes produced by the negative space)
c. Form – three dimensional shape. Can refer to the quality or likeness of an
entire mass, let us say the form of a woman. It employs several techniques like
shading perspective and lighting.
d. Value – the lightness and darkness of a hue or a color often represented in a
local value scale, it has two parts the tint (light tones) and the shades (darker
tones). A tone is a general term for a certain value.
e. Color – also known as hue. Scientifically, it is the light that bounces off a
surface. In art we use subtractive colors , i . e , colors that are from pigments .
Additive colors refer to a property of light.
ART ELEMENTS
f. Texture – can be used in paintings like impastio , shamping and scratching in
poetry when making paints and many others contemporary artists have also
used the elements of texture to convey certain emotion.
g. Light – without light , all the previous elements will not be possible. Light
creates the illusion that color, form, and texture exists light can be applied,
natural or artificial (as with a digital rendition). The lightning of an artwork
has a very strong effect on its overall impact. An example of strong and
theatrical lightning is called chiaroscuro.
h. Space – an areas where the other elements can interact. Two types: positive
and negative space. Double negative space refers to a blank space used as
negative space by, let us say, a field of color pigment.
Quick Facts
What is representational, abstract, and non-representational art?

Representational – simply means it mimics what is real or

what can be seen. The image is recognizable as
interpreted by the artist.
Abstract – is a modified interpretation of something that
exists, but it becomes hardly recognizable.
Non-Representational art – is purely concerned with
forms, shapes, colors and the rest of the elements. It does
not represent any other subject matter outside of itself.
Principles of Design
Contrast – are design principle which uses the element of value to create
dept and dimension. Light also plays an important role in creating good
contrast.
Harmony – elements are related to each other in terms of form color, theme,
etc.
Balance – ( Symmetrical and asymmetrical ) aesthetic quality of a work
marked by a sensible balance between two areas, right and left, top and
bottom.
Rhythm and Movement – creating a sense of direction through repetition of
element movement direct the viewers eye towards something.
Unity and Variety – elements should be seen as a whole and unity, variety still
give as sense of wholeness but the elements differ in a some aspects and
provide more interest to the work.
Principles of Design

 Emphasis and Subordination - n area or a specific subject is

given focus hence other parts of the picture are subordinated
 Scale and Proportion -this can be either an appropriate use of
scale and proportion or it can also be an effective way of
changing the scale to achieve a certain visual goal. It also shows
relationship between the object and the space.
 Depth and Perspective -shows three-dimensionality of a space
through the use of perspective lines and vanishing points.
Compositional Function of Lines and Shapes

A composition is basically how the element

are arrange and space with the intension of artistic
expression. Here are some compositional devices use by
classical artist and are still evident these days.
A half circle - often used in domes for some classical
paintings
and even modern architecture symbolizes femininity
because of its womb like shape. Since it has no corners,
it also resonates eternity .Socialism in art has a
different connotation for the circle ,which starts about
Compositional function of lines and
shape
A Triangle - when used in a composition suggests
relationship. ‘’Leonardo De Vinci’s’’. ’’Madonna of
the rocks’’. The triangular arrangement of figures
with the Madonna at the apex may suggest stability
and inclination towards the central figures.
An Implied Line or Line Movement in a painting may
intentionally lead a viewers to a local point of the
subject matter.
ABSTRACTION
 More often than not, you might encounter a time in your life where you
can envision a painting or a sculpture that depicts an idea, an emotion, or
an experience of your own. As one writer says, we all have a work of art
in our minds. However, not all of us can translate this into reality. This is
where the skill or the knowledge of techniques and materials become
essential. That is why there are artists-skilled and talented individuals
who can help us address our non-verbal yet significant human
expressions. Also, we should not miss the fact that because lots of
materials are now available and have become valid forms of art, our
expressions need not be limited to drawing or painting Technique, on the
other hand, takes fine and practice. Combining the two, excellent
techniques applied to materials, art expression becomes more successful.