Hurricanes and Typhoons

Objectives:
D. Explain the categories of typhoons in
the Philippines
A. Explain the formation of Hurricanes
and Typhoons
E. Explain how typhoons are named in
the Philippines
B. Discuss why there are different categories
of Hurricanes and Typhoons and what
G. Discuss the effects of Hurricanes and
causes these
Typhoons and their impacts to human life
and economy
C. Explain the role of PAGASA and how
things work in the agency in terms of
monitoring, reporting weather in a daily basis. F. Evaluate the effects of the world
strongest Hurricanes/ Typhoons/
Cyclones
What is Typhoon?

• Also known as TROPICAL

CYCLONES or
HURRICANES
• Destructive weather phenomena
• Is an intense circular storm that
originates over warm tropical
oceans.
• “Tai Fung”
• Hurricanes- over the
North Atlantic, Central
North Pacific, and Eastern
North Pacific Ocean
• Typhoons- over the
Northwestern Pacific
Ocean
• Cyclones- over the Indian
Ocean and South Pacific
Ocean
• Eye- This is the center
Parts of Typhoon
• Eyewall- Part has the
strongest winds and
rain
• Rain Bands- Are the
clouds that spin or
curved bands of
clouds that trail away
from the eyewall in a
spiral motion
- Outer Bands
- Inner Bands
• They start off as tropical
thunderstorms and develop
as strong winds pull in
moisture from the oceans.
•Cyclogenesis- a process
by which a cyclone
develops and strengthens

Development of Typhoon
• They start off as tropical
thunderstorms and develop
as strong winds pull in
moisture from the oceans.
•Cyclogenesis- a process
by which a cyclone
develops and strengthens

Development of Typhoon
• Processes:
1. Evaporation of water in ocean
surface. The strong winds pull in
moisture from the oceans.
• Processes:
2. The moisture convert into
heat. Convergence of air masses
of different characteristics.
• Processes:
3. High Humidity: All the heat and
air flow towards the eye creating
the typhoon.
• Processes:
4. Sufficient spin from the Coriolis
Effect
Coriolis Effect- phenomenon that
describe the large-scale dynamics of
the oceans and atmosphere.
- Northern Hemisphere Winds curve
counter-clockwise
- Southern Hemisphere Winds curve
clockwise
• Processes:
4. Sufficient spin from the Coriolis
Effect
Coriolis Effect- phenomenon that
describe the large-scale dynamics of
the oceans and atmosphere.
- Northern Hemisphere Winds curve
counter-clockwise
- Southern Hemisphere Winds curve
clockwise
 Classification

Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale

• The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale is a 1 to 5 rating based only on
a hurricane's maximum sustained wind speed.
• Category 1
• Category 2
• Category 3
• Category 4
• Category 5
 Classification

Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale

• The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale is a 1 to 5 rating based only on
a hurricane's maximum sustained wind speed.
• Category 1
• Category 2
• Category 3
• Category 4
• Category 5
 Classification

Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale

• The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale is a 1 to 5 rating based only on
a hurricane's maximum sustained wind speed.
• Category 1
• Category 2
• Category 3
• Category 4
• Category 5
 Classification

• Tropical Depression (TD)

• Tropical Storm (TS)
• Severe Tropical Storm (STS)
• Typhoon (TY)
• Super Typhoon (STY)
P Classification
A • Tropical Depression (TD)
• Tropical Storm (TS)
G • Severe Tropical Storm
A (STS)
• Typhoon (TY)
S • Super Typhoon (STY)
A
The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical
Service Administration (PAGASA) created under Presidential
Decree No. 78 issued on Dec. 8, 1972 by President Ferdinand E.
P
Marcos Sr.
• They are responsible for providing adequate, up-to-date date,
A
and timely information on atmospheric, astronomical, and
other weather-related phenomena G
• “To provide protection against natural calamities and utilize
scientific knowledge as an effective instrument to insure the A
safety, well-being and economic security of all the people, and
for promotion of national progress.” S
A
Powers and Duties of PAGASA are: • To conduct continuous earthquake
• To observe and report the weather recording and observation through as
of the Philippines and specified
adjacent areas, issue forecasts and
warnings of weather and flood
adequate seismological network
throughout the country to gather as
much information as may be
P
situations affecting national safety,
welfare, and economy.
necessary for determination of safety
factors in the design of building
structures and infrastructures.
A
• To undertake, in coordination with
other agencies, activities geared
• To coordinate with international
organization in tsunami (seismic sea
G
A
towards the moderation of wave) and typhoon warning
typhoons, availing of modern dissemination particularly to the
scientific and technological coastal regions of the Philippines
advances in order to reduce their
destructive potentials.
bound to the affected
S
A
Typhoon Names
• Also called “Bagyo”
• Tropical cyclones entering the
Philippine area of responsibility (PAR)
are given a local name by the PAGASA
• Tropical cyclone roster
• Old list (1962-2000) composed of 100
names
- 25 names per year (19 regular name and
6 auxiliary)
- First letter adopt the ABAKADA
alphabet
Typhoon Names
Typhoon Names
• Revised in 1979 and 1985
- Female names ending in NG
• 1998 PAGASA change the 100 set through a “Name-a-bagyo
contest”
- 140 most popular and acceptable
- 25 regular and 10 auxiliary
- Base on English Alphabet except X and Auxiliary from A-J
• 2001 used 140 names for 4 years
- Auring, Isang, Maring, Reming, Senya
- 35 names per year; 25 regular and 10 auxiliary
Typhoon Names
• 1960’s removed tropical cyclones names due to political or
negative implication (300 deaths and 1 billion worth of
damage)
1. Gloria- Glenda 2006
2. Nonoy- Nona 2015
3. Kanor- Karding 2014
• Retired
1. Wening 1974- Weling
2. Didang 1976- Ditang
3. Herming 1987- Helming
4. Rosing 1995- Rening
Typhoon Names
• Number-based Conventions- are
based on the sequential number
(Typhoon No. 14)
• List-based Conventions- are
based on the list of typhoon named
defined in advance by the
committee of meteorological
organizations worldwide.
• Can cause widespread damage to E
F
infrastructure, homes, and
businesses, leading to significant
economic losses.
F
E
C
T
S
• Can cause widespread damage to E
F
infrastructure, homes, and
businesses, leading to significant
economic losses.
• Can cause flooding, landslides,
and mudslides
F
• Can disrupt transportation and
communication systems.
E
C
T
S
• Can cause flooding, landslides, E
F
and mudslides
• Can disrupt transportation and
communication systems.
F
E
C
T
S
• Can cause flooding, landslides, E
F
and mudslides
• Can disrupt transportation and
communication systems.
F
E
C
T
S
 E
• Can cause flooding, landslides,
and mudslides F
• Can disrupt transportation and
communication systems. F
E
C
T
S
 E
• Can cause flooding, landslides,
and mudslides F
• Can disrupt transportation and
communication systems. F
E
C
T
S
Safety Precautions
• Provide emergency kit
• Secure Your home by closing
windows, unplugged appliances, etc.
• Prepare personal safety gear (boots,
raincoats, etc.)
• Know the possible evacuation routes
• Stay informed about the latest
updates and warnings
Thank You!!!