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Avashthapakafinala

The document discusses the three stages (avasthapakas) of digestion according to Ayurveda. The first stage occurs from the mouth to the stomach and is characterized by a sweet taste as Kapha is secreted. The second stage occurs in the stomach and small intestine and has a sour taste as Pitta is secreted. The third stage occurs in the large intestine and has a pungent taste as Vata is generated for excretion. Each stage transforms the ingested food through the actions of Agni and results in nutrients being absorbed and waste being eliminated.

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Sulakshana Salve
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175 views16 pages

Avashthapakafinala

The document discusses the three stages (avasthapakas) of digestion according to Ayurveda. The first stage occurs from the mouth to the stomach and is characterized by a sweet taste as Kapha is secreted. The second stage occurs in the stomach and small intestine and has a sour taste as Pitta is secreted. The third stage occurs in the large intestine and has a pungent taste as Vata is generated for excretion. Each stage transforms the ingested food through the actions of Agni and results in nutrients being absorbed and waste being eliminated.

Uploaded by

Sulakshana Salve
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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AVASTHAPAKA

Dr. Sulakshana Vijaykumar Salve


M.D First year
Kriyasharir department
HOD -Dr .Kavita Indapurkar madam
Guide -Dr. Umesh Ghate sir
• INTRODUCTION
 Ayurveda considers that Ahara , nidra, brahmacharya are
main pillars of life.
 like all the universal matter our body is also made up of
Pancha Mahabhutas in this Panchamahabhoutik Shareera
various Paka (metabolic transformations) are going on
continuously and for this transformation Agni is the key
factor and this Agni transforms consumed food into energy.
 Aharapaka is the main process which does proper digestion
of food in Kosta in various stages.
 . Aharapaka process helps in the formation of Dosha, Dhatu,
and mala due to dhatwagni and these are the basic
elements of the body.
What is paka?
पाकः पचनं द्रव्याणां स्वरूपरसयोः परावृत्तिः । च. सू.
२५.

Paka is digestion of ingested material. It involves


changing form, structure and taste of ingested
material.
•AHARAPAKAKRIYA
अन्नमादानकर्मा नु प्राणः कोष्ठं प्रकर्षति ।
तद्रवैर्भिन्नसंघातं स्नेहेन मृदुतां गतम् ॥
समानेनावधूतोऽग्निरुदर्यः पवनोद्वहः ।
काले भुक्तं समं सम्यक् पचत्यायुर्विवृद्धये||
एवं रसमलायान्नमाशयस्थमधःस्थितः ।
पचत्यग्निर्यथा स्थाल्यामोदनायाम्बुतण्डु लम ।।
च. चि. १५.६,७,८

•Prana is responsible to bring the eaten food in the


alimentary tract .
•Fluids included in food, and digestive juices secreted
in digestive tract make the food material dispersed
•Due to presence of unctuousness of Kapha in
stomach and due to unctuous quality of water food
becomes soft.
•Vata Samāna is responsible to induce digestive fire
to act on food, which is eaten at proper time (काले भुक्तं )
and eaten after observing all rules and regulations
about 'ingestion of food' (समं सम्यक् ). Such food is then
digested for the sake of increasing span of life
(पचत्यायुर्विवृद्धय) and divided into 'Rasa' and 'Mala' when
it is digested in stomach by agni which is placed
below stomach ( रसमलायान्नमाशयस्थ )
•This is exactly like raw rice cooked in a vessel
containing water and rice. This raw rice is cooked due
to fire placed below vessel (स्थाल्यामोदनायाम्बुतण्डु लम).
• Ingested food, when undergoes a common path of digestion, on action of agni on food, it breaks down revealing
different Mahabhūtāni.

Mahabhutani Gives rise to Accentuates

Prithvi+ Jala Madhura Kapha


Tej +Jala Amla Pitta
Akasa + Vayu Katu Vata
 First avasthapaka
अन्नस्य भुक्तमात्रस्य षड्र सस्य प्रपाकतः । मधुराद्यात् कफो भावात्
फे नभूत उदीर्यते ॥
च. चि. १५.९

• After food containing six Rasa is ingested , foamy


secretion of Madhur Kapha takes place as a
primary event in digestion..

• •Location :
• Ayurveda proposes location of first stage
to be 'from mouth to Amasaya".
 Second avasthapaka
Second stage of cooking of rice comprises of half boiled rice
with less foam and severely rising steam above thicker
water mixed with neither boiled not raw rice grains.
• परं तु पच्यमानस्य विदग्धस्याग्लभावतः । आशयाच्यवमानस्य पित्तमच्छमुदीर्यते ॥ च. चि.
१५.१०
१) अच्छं न अति द्रवम् ।च. चि. ५
३) अच्छं निर्मलम् । च. शा. ८
४) अच्छं के वलम् । च. सू. १३
२) अच्छं न घनम् ।

•After this, half digested food which is in the process of


digestion is propagated downwards from Amasaya. (Since
location of Pitta is emphasized here, particular word
पच्यमानस्य is used.) Due to sourness of the food, Aććha-Pitta is
secreted here.
 Second stage is of 'Sour' Rasa. A short time after
ingestion of food, thirst is felt by individual eating
food. Intensity of thirst could be indicative of type
of food eaten.

पक्त्यूष्माभिलाषक्षुत् – पिपासा
प्रभाप्रसाददर्शन मेघा शौर्य-मार्दवादिभिः पित्तम् ।
अ.सं.सू. १९३

Individual due to generation of Pitta, gets feeling of appetite


(अभिलाष) since food is being properly digested, (पक्ति) feels thirst
(पिपासा), looks nourished (प्रभाप्रसाददर्शन), likes to perform intellectual
functions , likes to perform deeds using his bravery . All these
things are in fact felt by individual from peak of second stage
Third Avasthapaka
•Third stage of cooking of rice comprises of well
boiled rice which now is ready for ingestion. 'Cooking
of rice' is like 'digestion' in human G.I. tract and
ingestion of cooked rice' is like 'absorption' in human
intestines. Water is evaporated and every grain of rice
now is cooked.

पक्वाशयं तु प्राप्तस्य शोष्यमाणस्य वह्निना । परिपिण्डितपक्वस्य वायुः स्यात्


कटुभावतः॥
च. चि. १५.११
When this digested food is reached to Pakwaśaya, it is absorbed
with the help of agni (शोष्यमाणस्य वह्निना ).
.Absorption gives digested food its shape of container .
(परिपिण्डितपक्व).Due to Katu Rasa over here Vayu is generated here..

• Third stage of Katu Rasa is almost end of digestion of food. In


Ayurvedic term 'Pakwa' food is 'Mala' This stage deals with
excretory part of food. This part of food may be useful to
animals other than humans, as their digestive systems are
designed accordingly. For humans excretory part of food, due to
deficiencies of digestive system cannot be utilized. Part, which is
unable for human digestive system to digest, is called 'Mala' for
human gastro intestinal system.
Locations of Avasthapaka

•Ayurveda proposes location of first stage to be


from mouth to Amasaya'.
•From Amasaya' food traverses to 'Pakwāśaya'. This
path is location of second stage. Here food
becomes Sour and generates
Pitta .
•From "Pakwaśaya' onwards where food, which is
not useful for human digestive system is thrown
out of the body after some procession. Hence this
entire passage is location of third stage.
Thank you

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