MORE ON GEOMETRIC

SEQUENCE
ERIC M. DE GUZMAN
 RECALL
• GEOMETRIC SEQUENCE is a sequence wherein the term
after the first term is obtained by multiplying the preceding
term by a fixed number called common ratio (r).

…
To solve for the specified term (nth Term)
Where:
𝑛− 1
𝑎 𝑛= 𝑎1 𝑟 an – nth term
a1 – 1st term
r – common ratio
n – number of terms
 RECALL
To solve for the specified term (nth Term)
Where:
𝑛− 1
𝑎 𝑛= 𝑎1 𝑟 an – nth term
a1 – 1st term
r – common ratio
n – number of terms
But this formula can be customized into
Where:
𝑛 −𝑚 an – nth term
𝑎 =𝑎 𝑟
𝑛 𝑚 am – any term
r – common ratio
NOTE: Use this when the 1st term is not given n – number of terms
 MORE ON GEOMETRIC SEQUENCE
There are cases wherein we are ask to solve for the
first term(a1), the common ratio(r) or the number of
terms (n).
𝑛− 1
𝑎 𝑛= 𝑎1 𝑟

For a1: For r and n:

𝑎𝑛 𝑛− 1 𝑎𝑛
𝑎 1= 𝑛 −1 𝑟 =
𝑟 𝑎1
MORE ON GEOMETRIC SEQUENCE
1. What is the 5t term of the geometric sequence

2. Find the 6th term of a geometric sequence where the

second term is 6 and the common ratio is 2.
MORE ON GEOMETRIC SEQUENCE
3. Find k so that the terms k – 3, k + 1, and 4k -2 form a
geometric sequence.

4. In the geometric sequence 6, 12, 24, 48, which term

is 768?
MORE ON GEOMETRIC SEQUENCE
5. The second term of a geometric sequence is and its
4th term is 3. What is the first term?
GEOMETRIC MEANS
ERIC M. DE GUZMAN
MT I, Mathematics
 GEOMETRIC MEANS
Refer to a term or terms inserted between 2 terms of a
given geometric sequence.

To determine the geometric means we need to find

first the common ratio using this formula.

𝑛− 1 𝑎𝑛
𝑟 =
𝑎1
 GEOMETRIC MEANS
a1, __, a3
When only 1 geometric mean is needed we could use
the formula
𝑎2 𝑎 3
=
𝑎1 𝑎 2
 GEOMETRIC MEANS
Find the indicated geometric means between
each pair of numbers.

1. 16 and 81 [3]
 GEOMETRIC MEANS
Find the indicated geometric means between
each pair of numbers.

2. -32 and 4 [2]

 GEOMETRIC MEANS
Find the indicated geometric means between
each pair of numbers.

3. 2xy and 16xy4 [2]

 MORE ON GEOMETRIC MEANS
Insert a geometric mean between and
 MORE ON GEOMETRIC MEANS
If 2 and 3 are two geometric means between m
and n, find the values of m and n.
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Activity
FINITE
Classroom GEOMETRIC
SERIES
Prepared by:
ERIC M. DE GUZMAN
MT I, Mathematics
At the end of the lesson, the students are able to:

• Derive the formula for the sum of the terms of a

Geometric Sequence.

• Apply Geometric Series in solving real-life problems.

INTRODUCTORY PROBLEM

Due to your good performance in

school, your parents promised to
increase your daily allowance for
the next 12 days.
INTRODUCTORY PROBLEM

They proposed 2 options. (a)

A fixed amount of P150 will
be given for 12 straight days.
INTRODUCTORY PROBLEM
(b) You will be given P1 on the 1st
day, P2 on the second day, P4 on
the fourth day and so on up to the
twelfth day.
INTRODUCTORY PROBLEM

Which of these
options would you
choose ?
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Activity
FINITE
Classroom GEOMETRIC
SERIES
Prepared by:
ERIC M. DE GUZMAN
MT I, Mathematics
ACTIVITY 1

I KNOW HOW TO
DERIVE!
RUBRICS FOR RATING THE OUTPUT
POINT DESCRIPTOR
TIMER
The activity is finished on time, instructions were executed
correctly, all appropriate mathematical concepts are used in 1 2
3 the solution and correct formula is obtained.

The activity is finished on time, instructions were partially 3 4

executed correctly, some appropriate mathematical concepts
2 are used in the solution and correct formula is obtained.

5 6
The activity is not finished on time, instructions were not
executed correctly, not all appropriate mathematical concepts
1 are used in the solution and correct formula is not obtained.
7 8
Activity 1: I KNOW HOW TO DERIVE!
Let us consider Sn as the sum of the terms
of a Geometric sequence whose terms are
a1, a2, a3, … an

…+
 …+
1: Multiply
Step 2: Express thetheright side ofby
equation1 the equation
the commoninratio
terms(r).
Step 3: Subtract equation 1 from equation 2.
of a1.will
This Thisbewill serve as2.equation 1.
equation
…+ …+
…+
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

+
 4: Divide
Step 5: Factor both
the left by by
sides Sn (r-1).
and the right by a1

𝒏
𝒂 𝟏( 𝒓 − 𝟏)  
𝑺𝒏 =
𝒓 −𝟏
 =
Where: Sn – geometric series
a1 – first term
r – common ratio
n – number of terms
SAMPLE EXERCISE

1. Find the sum of the first 12 terms of

4, 8, 16, 32…

ANSWE
R
SAMPLE EXERCISE

1. Find the sum of the first 12

terms of 4, 8, 16, 32…

16,380
SAMPLE EXERCISE

2. Find the sum of -3 + 9 - 27 +

…+ a8

ANSWE
R
SAMPLE EXERCISE

2. Find the sum of -3 + 9 - 27 +

…+ a8

4,920
 REAL-LIFE APPLICATIO

• In Ernesto Rondon High School,

suspension of classes is announced
through text brigade. One stormy day,
Dr. Anita S. Bohol, the principal
announces the suspension of classes
 REAL-LIFE APPLICATIO

two teachers, each of whom sends

this message to two other teachers, and
so on. Suppose that text messages were
sent in eight rounds, counting the
principal’s text
 REAL-LIFE APPLICATIO

message as the first, how many

text messages were sent in all?

ANSWE
R
 REAL-LIFE APPLICATIO
message as the first, how
many text messages were
sent in all?

510
 REAL-LIFE APPLICATIO

• In an experiment it is observed that

every bacterium produces 3 other bacteria
every 2 hours. If there are 100 bacteria in
the beginning, how many bacteria will be
there after 24 hours?

ANSWE
R Note:100 bacteria represent a0
 REAL-LIFE APPLICATIO
• In an experiment it is observed that
every bacterium produces 3 other
bacteria every 2 hours. If there are 100
bacteria in the beginning, how many
bacteria will be there after 24 hours?

26,572,050
SUMMING UP!
EVALUATION
Solve the problem
1. Due to your good performance in school, your
parents promised to increase your daily allowance for
the next 12 days. She proposed 2 options.
(a) A fixed amount of P150 will be given for 12
straight days.
(b) You will be given P1 on the 1st day, P2 on the
second day,
P4 on the fourth day and so on.
AGREEMENT
Solve each problem.

1. The first term of a geometric sequence is 2, the

nth term is 486 and the sum of the n terms is 728.
Find r and n.
2. Find the sum of all integral powers of 3 between
1 and 300.
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Activity
INFINITE
Classroom GEOMETRIC
SERIES
Prepared by:
ERIC M. DE GUZMAN
MT I, Mathematics
 INFINITE GEOMETRIC SERIES
QUESTION: Is it possible to find the sum of Infinite number of terms in
a geometric sequence?
ANSWER: It depends.

When the common ratio of a given infinite geometric sequence is a

proper fraction (-1 < r < 1), it is possible to find the sum to infinite, but if
it not a proper fraction it is impossible.
Where:
- Sum to infinity
a1 – first term
r – common ratio whose value is -1< r<1
 INFINITE GEOMETRIC SERIES
Find the common ratio and decide whether the sum to infinity
EXISTS or NOT.

1. 64, 16, 4, 1, … r = 1/4 EXISTS

2. 1/3, 1/9, 1/27, 1/81, … r = 1/3 EXISTS
3. -4, -1, -1/4, -1/16 r = 1/4 EXISTS
4. 24, 4, 2/3, 1/9 r = 1/6 EXISTS
5. 1 , 2, r= NOT
 INFINITE GEOMETRIC SERIES
SOLVE FOR THE SUM TO INFINITY

1. 64, 16, 4, 1, …
2. 1/3, 1/9, 1/27, 1/81, …
3. -4, -1, -1/4, -1/16
4. 24, 4, 2/3, 1/9