Scribd
Upload
21 views22 pages

141722672025

This document discusses different types of research design. It describes exploratory research, which is conducted when little is known about a problem to gain background and develop hypotheses. Descriptive research aims to describe variables through cross-sectional or longitudinal studies. Experimental design tests hypotheses by manipulating an independent variable and measuring its effect on a dependent variable using control and experimental groups. Good research design through advance planning is important for efficiency.

Uploaded by

Divakar kumar Jha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
21 views22 pages

141722672025

This document discusses different types of research design. It describes exploratory research, which is conducted when little is known about a problem to gain background and develop hypotheses. Descriptive research aims to describe variables through cross-sectional or longitudinal studies. Experimental design tests hypotheses by manipulating an independent variable and measuring its effect on a dependent variable using control and experimental groups. Good research design through advance planning is important for efficiency.

Uploaded by

Divakar kumar Jha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 22

1-2

RESEARCH DESIGN

 Presented By :
 NAME:SK ABDUL RAHMAN
 MBA I Year II Sem
 HT.NO:141722672025
1-3
Research Design

 Research design is a set of advance decisions that make up the


master plan specifying the methods and procedures for
collecting and analyzing the needed information.
1-4
Why Is Research Design Important?

 Good research design is the “first rule of good research.”


 Knowledge of the needed research design allows advance planning so that the
project may be conducted in less time and typically at a cost savings due to
efficiencies gained in preplanning.
1-5
Objectives of Research Design

 To gain background information and to develop hypotheses


 To measure the state of a variable of interest
 To test hypotheses that specify the relationships between two
or more variables
1-6
Research Design: A Caution

 In many cases, research is an iterative process.


 By conducting one research project, we learn that we may need
additional research, which may result in using multiple
research designs.
1-7
Three Types of Research Designs

 Exploratory
 Descriptive
 Causal
1-8
Exploratory Research

 Exploratory research is usually conducted at the outset of


research projects.
 It is usually conducted when the researcher does not know
much about the problems.
1-9
Uses of Exploratory Research

 Gain background information


 Define terms
 Clarify problems and hypothesis
 Establish research priorities
1-
10
Exploratory Research Methods

 Secondary data analysis: the process of searching for


interpreting existing information relevant to the research topic
 Experience surveys: refer to gathering information from those
to be knowledgeable on the issues relevant to the research
problem
 Key-informant technique: gathering information from those
thought to be knowledgeable on the issues relevant to the problem
 Lead-user survey: used to acquire information from lead users of a
new technology
1-
11
Exploratory Research Methods

 Case analysis: a review of available information about a


former situation(s) that has some similarities to the current
research problem
 Focus groups: small groups brought together and guided by a
moderator through an unstructured, spontaneous discussion for
the purpose of gaining information relevant to the research
problem

.
1-
12
Descriptive Research

 Descriptive research is undertaken to describe answers to


questions of who, what, where, when, and how.
 It is desirable when we wish to project a study’s findings to a
larger population, if the study’s sample is representative.
1-
13
Descriptive Research Classifications

 Cross-sectional studies
 Longitudinal studies
1-
14
Descriptive Research Studies

 Cross-sectional studies measure units from a sample of the


population at only one point in time (or “snapshot”).
 Sample surveys are cross-sectional studies whose samples are
drawn in such a way as to be representative of a specific
population.
 These studies are usually presented with a margin of error.

.
1-
15
Descriptive Research Studies

 Longitudinal studies repeatedly measure the same sample


units of a population over time.
 Since they involve multiple measurements over time, they are
often described as “movies” of the population.

.
1-
16
Descriptive Research Studies

 Continuous panels ask panel members the same questions on


each panel measurement.
 Discontinuous panels vary questions from one panel
measurement to the next.
 These are sometimes referred to as omnibus panels (omnibus
meaning “including or covering many things or classes”).

.
1-
17
Experimental Design

 Experimental design is a procedure for devising an


experimental setting such that a change in a dependent variable
may be attributed solely to the change in an independent
variable.
1-
18
Symbols of Experimental Design

 O = measurement, or observation, of a dependent


variable
 X = manipulation, or change, of an independent variable
 R = random assignment of subjects to experimental and
control groups
 E = experimental effect (change in the dependent
variable due to the independent variable)

.
1-
19
Experimental Design

 A “true” experimental design: isolates the effects of the


independent variable on the dependent variable while
controlling for the effects of any extraneous variables.
 Quasi-experimental design: ones that do not properly control
for the effects of extraneous variables on our dependent
variable.
1-
20
Experimental Design

 Before-after with control group design may be achieved by


randomly dividing subjects of the experiment in two groups:
 The control group
 The experimental group
1-
21
Experimental Design

 Control group: control of extraneous variables typically


achieved by the use of a second group of subjects
 Experimental group: the group that has been exposed to a
change in the independent variable
4-
22

THANK YOU

You might also like