General Laboratory

Apparatus and
Safety Equipments
LABORATORY RULES AND
PROCEDURES

These basic rules provide

behavior, hygiene, and safety
information to avoid accidents in
the laboratory.
What are the Safety Do’s
and Don’ts for Students?
 Conduct
• Do not engage in practical jokes

in the laboratory.
• Never run in the laboratory.

• Do not sit on laboratory benches.

• The use of CELLPHONE is prohibited

in the laboratory unless it is required.

• The performance of unauthorized

experiments is strictly forbidden.
Apparel in the Laboratory
• Wear a full-length, long-sleeved
laboratory coat or laboratory gown.

• Always wear appropriate eye

protection in the laboratory.
• Wear disposable gloves, as provided
in the laboratory, when handling
hazardous materials.

• Synthetic finger nails are not

recommended in the laboratory; they are
made of extremely flammable polymers.
 Hygiene Practices
• Keep your hands away from your face,
eyes, mouth, and body while using
chemicals.

• Food and drink, (open or closed)

should never be brought into the
laboratory or chemical storage area.
• Never use laboratory glassware for eating
or drinking purposes.

• Wash hands after removing gloves, and

before leaving the laboratory.

• Remove any protective equipment before

leaving the laboratory.
 Chemical Handling
• Check the label to verify it is the
correct substance before using it.

• Wear appropriate chemical resistant

gloves before handling chemicals.

• Do not directly touch any chemical

with your hands.
 • Weigh out or remove only the
amount of chemical you will need.
Do not return the excess to its
original container, but properly
dispose of it in the appropriate waste
container.
• Clean up all spills properly and
promptly as instructed by the
teacher.
 • Never touch, taste, or smell any
reagents.
• Dispose of chemicals as instructed by
the teacher.
• Use equipment (glassware, Bunsen
burner, etc.) in the correct way, as
indicated by the teacher.
 • Never handle bottles that are wet or
too heavy for you.

• Never place the container directly

under your nose and inhale the
vapors.

• Never mix or use chemicals not called

for in the laboratory exercise.
General Work Procedure
• Know emergency procedures.

• Never work in the laboratory without

the supervision of a teacher.

• Always perform the experiments or

work precisely as directed by the
teacher.
 • Immediately report any spills,
accidents,or injuries to a teacher.

• Never leave experiments while in

progress.

• Be careful when handling hot

glassware and apparatus in the
laboratory.
• Make sure no flammable solvents are
in the surrounding area when lighting
a flame.

• Do not leave lit Bunsen burner

unattended.
• Turn off all heating apparatus, gas
valves,and water faucets when not in
use.

• Do not remove any equipment or

chemicals from the laboratory.
• Coats, bags, and other personal
items must be stored in designated
areas, not on the bench tops or in
the aisle ways.

• Notify your teacher of any

sensitivities that you may have to
particular chemicals if known.
Lab Safety Equipment
Safety Shower Eye Wash
GOGGLES

Eye protection
 Lab Safety Equipment
Fire
Extinguisher
Fire Blanket

Fume Hood
SOME LABORATORY
APPARATUS AND ITS
USES
 CENTIMETER RULER

Used for measuring length or

width of an object
Graduated Cylinder
Very precise glassware
for measurement of
an amount of liquid.
Erlenmeyer Flask
-Used for measuring volatile
liquids
-Are useful to contain reactions
or to hold liquid samples.
-They are also useful to catch
filtrates.
 Filtering flask
• A filtering flask is a
piece of labware
used to separate
solids from fluids in
filtration operations.
VOLUMETRIC FLASK
- Volumetric flasks are used
to measure and store
solutions with a high degree
of accuracy

- Are used to measure precise

volumes of liquid or to make
precise dilutions.
 FLORENCE FLASK

A vessel used to
measure large
amount of liquid
and is used as a
container of boiling
liquid solutions.
DISTILLING FLASK

A container used
to hold solutions
to be distilled
during distillation
process .
 Reagent bottle
• Also known as media
bottles or graduated
bottles, are intended
to contain chemicals
in liquid or powder
form for laboratories
and stored in
cabinets or on
shelves.
 Beaker
- Used for measuring and storing
liquids.

- Beakers are used as containers.

-They are available in a variety of
sizes.
 Pipette
GRADUATED
DISPOSABLE

Used to dispense liquids

drop-by-drop or by small
quantities of liquids.
 Funnel

Used for moving

liquids from one
container to
another
Test Tube

Test Tubes are for

holding small
samples or for
containing scale
reactions.
Test Tube Rack
For securing
test tubes

Test tube holder

are for holding test
tubes when tubes
should not be
touched
 Thermometer

Used to measure
the temperature
of a liquid
Magnifying Glass

It is used to make
objects appear
larger .
It was invented by
Roger Bacon in
1250
Electronic Balance

Used for obtaining the

mass of something
Triple Beam Balance

It is a measuring instrument
for determining the weight
or mass of an object
PLATFORM BEAM BALANCE
OR DOUBLE BEAM BALANCE

A device used to weigh in materials

and substances exactly and precisely
in various vessels and containers.
Petri Dish

Used for growing

microbiology cultures
 Watch glass
A watch glass is a circular concave piece of
glass used in chemistry as a surface to
evaporate a liquid, to hold solids while being
weighed, for heating a small amount of
substance and as a cover for a beaker.
 Evaporating Dish
A heat resistant porcelain dish used
to evaporate solution to leave the
dissolve substance as a residue.
 Crucible and Cover

A heat-resistant
vessel with cover
used in heating
and melting
substances like
ores,metals and
others.
 Mortar and pestle

Used in crushing
and grinding
them into a fine
paste or powder
in the laboratory.
 Glass Stirring Rod

A glass stirring rod, glass rod, stirring rod

or stir rod is a piece of laboratory
equipment used to mix chemicals and
liquids for laboratory purposes.
Medicine Dropper or Liquid Dropper

Used for dispensing

liquids drop-by-drop
 Bunsen burner
are sources of
heat.

Tripod
A laboratory tripod is a
three-legged platform
used to support flasks
and beakers.
Iron Ring stand with Rings

Use for holding

pieces of
glassware in place.
Wire Mesh Gauze (Ceramic Centre)

- Wire gauze is used

for uniform distribution
of flame heat in base
of a heated body.
- It is made of iron wire
strands with or without
ceramic interior cores.
Tongs

Tongs are a type of

tool used to grip and
lift objects instead of
holding them directly
with hands.
 Spatula

It is use for scraping,

transferring, or
applying powders and
paste like chemicals
or treatments.
BURETTE

Burettes are devices

used typically in
analytical, quantitative
chemistry applications
for measuring liquid
solution.
Burette clamp

Burette clamp is used

specifically to hold
and secure a burette on a
stand, so that a burette is
fixed and more convenient
for the experiment.
 Spot test plate

A spot plate, also

called a reaction plate
is a laboratory tool
made either from
ceramics.
Wash Bottle

A wash bottle is a
squeeze bottle with a
nozzle, used to rinse
various pieces of
laboratory glassware,
such as test tubes and
round bottom flasks.
 BELL JAR

A large thick-walled
bell-shaped glass
cover used to protect
and store volatile
chemicals.
FILTERING JAR

A big glass jar with

a sidearm used to
transfer filtered
materials into other
jars or containers.
 ASPIRATOR
An apparatus used
to clean the pans of
plaform balance and
used to draw out
liquids or gases
through suction by
using a pipette.
CORK OR RUBBER STOPPER

Used to plug small

containers, also
used as connectors
for set-up tubbings.
 SYRINGE

A device used
to withdraw a
fluid and eject
it in streams.
Litmus and pH paper
Litmus or pH paper
contains a chemical
that changes color
as it makes contact
with an acid or
base. The paper will
turn red in acids
and blue in bases.
Dissection
Equipments
 Scissors

Used to cut through skin and

muscles and remove organs
 Forceps

For holding small items and for

holding skin/muscle etc. during
dissections
 Scalpel

Used to cut tissues

 Dissection Pins

Used to secure specimen to

dissection tray
 Probe

Used to remove underlying

tissues from skin of organism
Dissection Tray

Stores specimen for

dissection
 Cover slip

A thin glass plate used to

cover samples mounted on a
microscope slide
 Homework

• Construct a flip flop

book to represent at
least 20 laboratory
equipments with their
functions and
illustration.
 TODAY’S LAB
Title: Identify Laboratory equipments

MOVETEST
Write and answer all questions

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AND HOW TO USE IT

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EXPERIMENT