Year 9 ICT

Fundamentals of Computer Science

Lesson 1
ICT/Computer Science
What’s the difference?

Computing deals with creating computer programs while

ICT deals with the using the programs

ICT is using a computer (software, communications etc)

while Computer Science explores the building of a
computer itself so it involves computer language, scripts
and an understanding of hardware and software.
In Year 9 you will take both
ICT and Computer Science
Units
Expectations
• Complete all class work and homework on time

• Be prepared for in class tests at the end of each topic…………Revise!

• If you are absent, take responsibility and catch up!

• You will get regular progress sheets to tell you what grade you are working at.
Your parents will be contacted if you are not working to your full potential

• You will be given homework tasks

• Homework must be completed regularly and on time!

We Are Learning Today
• To understand how data is represented in computers

• To know about the binary system and why it is used

• To understand how to convert numbers from denary to

binary and vice versa
What grade am I aiming for?

Challenge Activity:
Write your own 16 bit binary numbers

Convert these numbers into denary

Binary
• All data
• information
• Instructions
• Files
• Images, sounds, video

is stored as numbers.

This is because computer only understands numbers,

nothing else
Binary
A computer only understands a particular type of number called Binary.
WHY Binary?
• The electronic devices in a computer (the CPU, the RAM, etc.) have
parts that can only be turned on or off.

• We can use binary numbers to control these ons and offs: off = 0, on = 1
Circuit Switches

Each circuit switch has two states:

On = 1
Off = 0
Circuit Switches

The switches produce signals that either

hold 1 if it is on, 0 if it is off
Binary
We will be studying how the following are stored and processed in binary:

• Sound
• Images
• Text
• Video
BIT
• A bit is a Binary Digit (the word comes from Binary DigIT)
BYTE
• Bits are usually grouped into groups of 8, and each group is called a
Byte.

10101011
01110010
10101010
00001111
Bits and Bytes
Unit Equals
1 Bit Binary Digit 1 or 0
8 Bits 1 Byte
1024 Bytes 1 Kilobyte
1024 Kilobytes 1 Megabyte
1024 Megabytes 1 Gigabyte
1024 Gigabytes 1 Terabyte
1024 Terabytes 1 Petabyte
1024 Petabytes 1 Exabyte -
1024 Exabytes 1 Zettabyte
1024 Zettabytes 1 Yottabyte
1024 Yottabytes 1 Brontobyte
Starter Activity
STARTER
What is a Bit?
A bit is a Binary Digit (the word comes from Binary DigIT)

Because it is a binary digit, a bit can only have the value of …………. Or
……………….
STARTER
What is a Bit?
A bit is a Binary Digit (the word comes from Binary DigIT)

Because it is a binary digit, a bit can only have the value of 1 Or 0

STARTER
What is a Byte?
Bits are usually grouped into groups of ………, and each group is called a
Byte.
STARTER
What is a Byte?
Bits are usually grouped into groups of 8, and each group is called a Byte
STARTER

Unit Equals
1 Bit Binary Digit 1 or 0
8 Bits (8 lots of 1 and/or 0’s) 1 ………….
1024 Bytes 1 ………….
1024 ………….. 1 ……………
1024 ………….. 1 ……………
1024 Gigabytes 1 Terabyte
STARTER

Unit Equals
1 Bit Binary Digit 1 or 0
8 Bits (8 lots of 1 and/or 0’s) 1 byte
1024 Bytes 1 ………….
1024 ………….. 1 ……………
1024 ………….. 1 ……………
1024 Gigabytes 1 Terabyte
STARTER

Unit Equals
1 Bit Binary Digit 1 or 0
8 Bits (8 lots of 1 and/or 0’s) 1 byte
1024 Bytes 1 KB
1024 ………….. 1 ……………
1024 ………….. 1 ……………
1024 Gigabytes 1 Terabyte
STARTER

Unit Equals
1 Bit Binary Digit 1 or 0
8 Bits (8 lots of 1 and/or 0’s) 1 byte
1024 Bytes 1 KB
1024 Kilo Bytes 1 ……………
1024 ………….. 1 ……………
1024 Gigabytes 1 Terabyte
STARTER

Unit Equals
1 Bit Binary Digit 1 or 0
8 Bits (8 lots of 1 and/or 0’s) 1 byte
1024 Bytes 1 KB
1024 Kilo Bytes 1 MB
1024 ………….. 1 ……………
1024 Gigabytes 1 Terabyte
STARTER

Unit Equals
1 Bit Binary Digit 1 or 0
8 Bits (8 lots of 1 and/or 0’s) 1 byte
1024 Bytes 1 KB
1024 Kilo Bytes 1 MB
1024 Mega Bytes 1 ……………
1024 Gigabytes 1 Terabyte
STARTER

Unit Equals
1 Bit Binary Digit 1 or 0
8 Bits (8 lots of 1 and/or 0’s) 1 byte
1024 Bytes 1 KB
1024 Kilo Bytes 1 MB
1024 Mega Bytes 1 GB
1024 Gigabytes 1 Terabyte
BASE 2 SYSTEM
Binary uses a base 2 system (0 or 1).

The number 2 is calculated to the power starting at 0 to give you each

digit

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
21 20
WHAT IS 11110000?
Binary uses a base 2 system (0 or 1)

The number 2 is calculated to the power starting at 0 to give you each digit

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
WHAT IS 11110000?
Binary uses a base 2 system (0 or 1)

The number 2 is calculated to the power starting at 0 to give you each digit

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0

128+64+32+16= 240 11110000

Task 1: Binary to Denary
Complete Task 1 on page 6

TIME ALLOWED: 10 MINUTES

What grade am I aiming for?

Challenge Activity:
Write your own 16 bit binary numbers

Convert these numbers into denary

WHAT IS 20 IN Binary?
Which of these numbers make 20?

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
WHAT IS 20 IN Binary?
Which of these numbers make 20?

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
1 1
Task 2: Denary to Binary
Complete Task 2 on page 7

TIME ALLOWED: 10 MINUTES

What grade am I aiming for?

Challenge Activity:
Write your own 16 bit binary numbers

Convert these numbers into denary

Adding Binary Numbers
Adding Binary Numbers
Task 3: Adding in Binary
Complete Task 3 on page 8

TIME ALLOWED: 5 MINUTES

What grade am I aiming for?

Challenge Activity:
Write your own 16 bit binary numbers

Convert these numbers into denary

Plenary
You will be randomly picked to answer the following:

• 01010101 in denary

• 60 in binary

• 111+010 = ??
Plenary
You will be randomly picked to come to the front to answer the
following:

• 01010101 in denary 85

• 60 in binary 00111100

• 111+010 = ?? 1001