PRACTICAL

RESEARCH 1
ENP ANA ADORA S. FLORES
CONTENTS OF THIS PRESENTATION

Lesson 1: NATURE AND INQUIRY OF RESEARCH

The Characteristics,
The Importance of
Processes and Ethics of
Research in Daily Life
Research

Quantitative and Kinds of Research Across

Qualitative Research Fields
OBJECTIVES

Explain research in daily life

Describes characteristics of
research

Differentiate qualitative from

quantitative
IMPORTANCE
OF WHAT IS
RESEARCH IN RESEARCH?

DAILY LIFE
 Is an organized investigation and
study of materials and sources to
create facts and reach new
inferences (Walker, 2010).

is a verified approach of thinking and

employing legalized instruments and

RESEARCH steps to obtain a more adequate

solution to a problem that is otherwise
impossible to address under ordinary
means (Crawford, as cited by Alcantara
& Espina, 1995).

helps society to answer the WHAT and

HOW questions. It must be a proper
investigation and should reach a valid
conclusion that would facilitate the
finding of answers to the questions.
Some of these questions are: How can
research affect society? What is the
impact of the research to daily life?
 TWO CATEGORIES OF
RESEARCH

• BASIC RESEARCH - This is the type of

research that is a purely direct
application but increasing the
nature of understanding about the
problem. It develops the scientific
theories to be more understandable
to the readers.
• APPLIED RESEARCH - It is a type of
research that needs an answer to a
specific question. It provides
solutions and validation in order to
apply to the real setting.
CHARACTERISTICS,
PROCESSES AND
ETHICS IN
RESEARCH
 MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS OF RESEARCH
(PRIETO, ET. AL. 2017)

EMPIRICAL SYSTEMATIC CONTROLLED

is based on observations follows orderly and sequential In research, all variables,

and experiments of procedures, based on valid except those that are tested/
theories. procedures and principles. experimented on, are kept
constant.
MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS OF RESEARCH
(PRIETO, ET. AL. 2017)
ANALYTICAL - shows
EMPLOYS HYPOTHESIS - analytical procedures in
refers to a search for facts, gathering the data,
answers to questions and whether historical,
solutions to problems descriptive, and or case
study.

ORIGINAL WORK - it
OBJECTIVE - it is unbiased
requires its own
and logical. All findings
examination and
are logically based on
produces the data needed
real-life situations.
to complete the study.
 PROCESSES IN RESEARCH
(PRIETO, ET.AL. 2017)
FORMULATING
REVIEW OF
HYPOTHESIS: RESEARCH DESIGN:
DEFINE RESEARCH RELATED
PROBLEM: LITERATURE How are we going to Where will the study
find/look for the be shown and with
What is the problem? What evidence is
answer to questions what population?
already presented? being studied?

ANALYZING INTERPRET
COLLECTING DATA: DATA: AND REPORT:
Are we ready to gather What are the
the data? Where do we How do the data
find the data? answer the implications of
research queries? the results?
ETHICAL NORMS IN CONDUCTING
RESEARCH (RESNIK, 2007)
First, ethics promotes the pursuit of knowledge, truth, and
credibility. It also fosters values that are essential to collaborative
work.

Second, ethical norms help individuals to be accountable in every

act that the researcher/s undertake.

Third, ensure that researchers are held accountable to the public.

Lastly, an ethical norm in research also needs public awareness. This can
be evaluated by the researcher before conducting the study because
this may help a certain population in an area once the study is
completed
ETHICAL CODES AND POLICIES FOR
RESEARCH, (RESNIK, 2007)
Objectivity
Honesty Avoid biases in experimental Integrity
Maintain all designs, data analysis,
Keep your promises
communication. Data interpretation, expert
and agreements
should not be faked testimony, and other
aspects of research.

Openness
Carefulness Share data, results, Confidentiality
Avoid careless errors ideas and tools. Be Protect confidential
and negligence. open to criticism and communication.
new ideas.

Responsible
Responsible
Mentoring
Publication
Help to educate,
Avoid duplicating
mentor, and advise
publications
others.
ETHICAL CODES AND POLICIES FOR
RESEARCH, (RESNIK, 2007)
Non- Discrimination
Social Responsibility Avoid discrimination against
Respect Colleagues
Strive to promote social colleagues or students on
Treat all peers fairly. the basis of sex, races,
good. Avoid social harm
ethnicity, and or others.

Legality Respect of Intellectual

Human Subject
Be informed and obey Property
Minimize risks that
relevant laws and Give proper
involve human lives,
institutional acknowledgment or
dignity, and privacy
governmental policies. credits to all researchers
QUALITATIVE VS
QUANTITATIVE
 TYPES OF RESEARCH METHOD

QUALITATIVE QUANTITATIVE

• Is defined as the “naturalistic • Is a positivist scientific method

method of research which deals which refers to a general set of
with the concern of human difficulty orderly discipline procedures to
by discovering it straightly.” (Beck, acquire information (Beck, 2004).
2004) • Mostly, it is concerned with
• It is concerned with the numbers and measurement.
experiences, understanding and
words of the individual.
 KINDS OF
RESEARCH
ACROSS FIELDS
APPLIED-PRACTICAL-RESEARCH-1_Q1_Mod1-V2.pdf
ACTIVITY: ANSWER THE FOLLOWING
TEST I:
TEST II:

1. Using a Venn Diagram, identify the

difference and similarities between
qualitative and quantitative research?