ENGLISH WORD

TYPES
GROUP
 CONTENT
01 NOUN 06 PRONOUN

02 VERB 07 DETERMINER

03 ADJECTIVE 08 CONJUNCTION

04 ADVERB 09 INTERJECTION

05 PREPOSITION
 01
NOUN
Nouns are the largest
word class
 The position of noun in sentence
Subject
Ex: John is studying

Object
Ex: She gave him a book
NOUN Complement
Ex: They made him their leader
She is a doctor

Appositive
Ex: My friend, John, is coming over
 There are 3 types of noun
Proper nouns: the names of specific people, animals and things.
They are written with a capital letter at the start.

Concrete nouns: refer to material objects which we can see or touch

Abstract nouns: refer to things which are not material objects,

such as ideas, feelings and situations.
The -ing forms of verbs (gerund) can also act as
nouns.
Ex: Writing is an important skill.
 02
VERB
VERBS

● represent actions

● the only word class that

is absolutely necessary
to make a complete
sentence.
 VERBS

● A verb must agree with its subject in number.

Ex: I rarely play video games.
The dog likes playing in the garden.
● Conjugate verbs in different verb tenses.
Ex: The young girl brought me a very long letter from teacher, and then she
quickly disappeared.
● Combine verbs with auxiliaries for more advanced tenses.
Ex: She had seen my car outside the shop.
VERBS

The position of verbs:

- I come from France.
S V
- He quickly finished his lunch
Adv V
VERBS

According to Thesaurus dictionary, there are 11 types of verbs:

Action verbs Stative verbs Transitive verbs

Intransitive verbs Linking verbs Helping verbs (auxiliary

verbs)

Modal verbs Regular verbs Irregular verbs

Infinitives
 03
ADJECTIVE
 Adjectives
Adjectives are words that modify or
describe a noun or pronoun to make the
writing more descriptive
 Adjectives

- Josh is taller than his sister.

- Who is younger, Rowan or Tony?
- Jan and Barbara are both tall, but Jan’s the tallest.
- Sheila is the youngest girl in the family.
 Adjectives

OpSASCOMP: Opinion – Size – Age – Shape – Color

– Origin – Material – Purpose

Ex: It is an ugly small old thin red Italian cotton sleeping bag.
A beautiful long white French silk wedding dress.
 Adjectives

The position
Adjective standing ahead Nouns; behind Adverb, and ‘too/so’.
Ex: Christina has a perfect smile.
It’s too late to come to the party right now.
 04
ADVERB
 ADVERB

Adverbs modify or describe verbs, adjectives, or other

adverbs to express how an action is being carried out.
 ADVERB

When describing verbs, they give details about how an action is

performed, such as: “where”, “when”, “why”, or “how often”.
They usually but not always end in -ly.

Ex: The staff arrived early this morning.

Ex: You finished quite quickly.
Ex: Dad got home late.
 ADVERB

The position
Standing ahead V, between to be and Adj.
Ex: I totally disagree with that viewpoint.
They seem very excited when watching the show.
 05
PREPOSITION
 PREPOSITION

Prepositions are
● a special type of word class
● indicates relationships between
words, in space or time or a logical
relationship between two or more
people, places or things.
 PREPOSITION

The position
● followed by a noun phrase or pronoun.
● stands between “To be” and “Nouns”, behind
“Verbs” and “Adj”.
Ex: The cat is under the bed
Tom is standing between Linda and Jack.
 PREPOSITION

● Because of

Some pairs and groups ● In addition to

of words operate like
● In front of
single prepositions
● Up to
 06
PRONOUN
 PRONOUN

Pronouns are a type of noun used as a substitute for other nouns.

 PRONOUN

Ex: I told myself I could finish on time. [Reflexive pronoun]

Who left the lights on in the office? [Interrogative pronoun]

 PRONOUN

Possessive pronouns
 PRONOUN

Ex: Is that John's car?

No, it's mine.
He is mine, ok girls.
My phone is dead. Pass me yours.
The house on the corner is theirs.
 PRONOUN

The position
▪ Before the verb which they complement
Ex: When my boyfriend gives me chocolates, I eat them
right away.
▪ Before the auxiliary
Ex: I gave it four stars in my review
 07
DETERMINER
 DETERMINER

● explain which noun you’re referring to,

the noun’s quantity, or whether the noun
is general or specific.
● important for grammar, include articles,
demonstratives, possessive pronouns,
distributives, and quantifiers,…
 DETERMINER

Ex: The boy I met yesterday was extremely naughty.

She received many gifts on her birthday.

I only have two coins left.

 DETERMINER

Have two functions: referring and quantifying.

Referring
 DETERMINER

Quantifying
 DETERMINER

The position
come before a noun
Ex: This movie is interesting.
Vanessa liked the dress I gave her.
A few girls have gone to practise for the Teacher’s day programme
 08
CONJUNCTION
 CONJUNCTION

Conjunctions are
linking words,
have 2 types
 CONJUNCTION

Coordinating conjunctions connect items which are the same

grammatical type, words, phrases, clauses.
 CONJUNCTION

Subordinate conjunctions: after, as, since, that, while, once, so,...

When a clause follows these conjunctions, it becomes a subordinate clause,
which needs a main clause to make a complete sentence.
 09
INTERJECTION
 INTERJECTION

● sounds, rather than actual

words, come at the beginning or
at the end of what we say.
● to express emotions
● are more common in speaking
than in writing.
 INTERJECTION

The position
There are no particular rules but most
often, they are seen to appear in the
beginning of a sentence
 INTERJECTION

Ex: Ouch, it stings. (expresses pain)

You’re going to the Maldives. That’s a long way, wow.
(expresses surprise and wonder)
Hooray, here comes the bus at last! (expresses delight)
Ugh, sorry, I can’t eat tomatoes. (expresses disgust)
Thanks for listening
Thanks for listening