e n t s a n d
Instrum i n
u s e d
Methods
me a s u r in g
a ns p ir a tion
E va potr
G ro u p 1
Evapotranspiration
TYPES OF EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
Actual Evapotranspiration
The evapotranspiration under actual field conditions is known as actual evapotranspiration.
AET = f (Soil, plant, weather)
Potential Evapotranspiration
It is defined as the amount of water transpired in given time by short green crop,
completely shading the ground of uniform short height and with adequate water status in
soil profile. - Panman (1948)
Reference Evapotranspiration
It is defined as the rate of evapotranspiration from an extensive surface of 8 to 15 cm tall
green cover of uniform height, actively growing, completely shading the ground and not
short of water
Instruments used in measuring Evapotranspiration
Atmometer
a.k.a. evaporimeter, evaporometer
A scientific instrument used for
measuring the rate of evaporation
of water into the atmosphere.
Instruments used in measuring Evapotranspiration
Potometer
a.k.a. transpirometer
The device used to measure the
transpiration rate in plants.
Instruments used in measuring Evapotranspiration
Phytometer
A device (similar to a potometer)
A sealed container with soil and
one or more plants, allowing water
to escape only through plant
transpiration.
Instruments used in measuring Evapotranspiration
Lysimeter
A measuring tool utilized to
quantify the actual amount of water
released by plants (typically crops
or trees) through
evapotranspiration.
Instruments used in measuring Evapotranspiration
Sonic Anemometer
A device that measures vertical
wind speed and gas concentrations,
including water vapor, at a fixed
height above the surface.
Instruments used in measuring Evapotranspiration
Infrared Gas Analyzer
An instrument that measures
trace gases (such as water vapor)
by assessing the absorption of
infrared light emitted through a
specific air sample..
Methods of measuring evapotranspiration
Direct Method Indirect Method
Measures evapotranspiration through the Estimates evapotranspiration by measuring
amount of water lost. other related factors.
1. Lysimeter Studies
1. Bowen Ratio
2. Eddy Covariance
3. Field Experimental Plots 2. Blaney-Criddle
4. Water Balance Method
3. Thornthwaite
5. Soil Moisture Depletion
Studies 4. Energy Balance
5. Penman-Monteith
6. Priestley-Taylor
7. Hargreaves-Samani
o d s o f meas u r i ng
Direct Meth
v ap o t r an s p i r at i on
e
ie s
Lysimeter Stud
e
Eddy covarianc
ntal Plots
Field Experime
Water Balance
oistur e de p le tion studies
Soil m
Methods used in measuring Evapotranspiration
Lysimeter Studies
The method involves the growing of crops in large containers
(lysimeters) and measuring their water loss and gains.
Methods used in measuring Evapotranspiration
Eddy Covariance
The method measures the exchange
of gases, including water vapor,
between the earth's surface and the
atmosphere using high-frequency
measurements of wind velocity and
gas concentration
Methods used in measuring Evapotranspiration
Field Experimental Plots
Most suitable for determination of
seasonal water requirements.
This method involves setting up
experiments in the field to measure
evapotranspiration.
Methods used in measuring Evapotranspiration
Water Balance Method
a.k.a. Inflow-Outflow Method
It involves quantifying the water applied
to a field and the water lost through
evapotranspiration. The difference
between the amounts provides an
estimate of evapotranspiration
Lysimeters are used to measure the
water application
Methods used in measuring Evapotranspiration
Soil Moisture Depletion Studies
Involve in measuring the change in soil
moisture content over time to estimate
evapotranspiration
In this method soil moisture measurements
are done before and after each irrigation
application.
Indirect Method
s of
measuring
evapotranspirat
1. Bowen Ratio
i on
2. Blaney-Cridd
le
3. Thornthwaite
4. Energy Balan
ce
5. Penman-Mon
teith
6. Priestley-Tay
lor
7. Hargreaves-S
amani
Methods used in measuring Evapotranspiration
Bowen Ratio Method
Estimates evapotranspiration by measuring
temperature and humidity differences between
the Earth's surface and the atmosphere
Used when solar radiation and wind speed, are
not available.
Methods used in measuring Evapotranspiration
Blaney-Criddle Method
Is a straightforward approach for estimating
reference crop evapotranspiration
Used when only temperature data is
available.
Methods used in measuring Evapotranspiration
Thornthwaite Method
A method Developed by Charles Warren
Thornthwaite in 1948 to estimate potential
evapotranspiration.
Estimates potential evapotranspiration (PET)
based on temperature data only.
Methods used in measuring Evapotranspiration
Energy Balance Method
Evapotranspiration, otherwise referred to as the
latent heat flux is calculated as the residual term
in the general energy balance equation
Methods used in measuring Evapotranspiration
Penman-Monteith Method
The method used for determining reference crop
water consumption depending on the daily
weather data
Requires detailed climatological data than the
other methods.
Provides accurate estimates of reference crop
evapotranspiration (Eto)
Methods used in measuring Evapotranspiration
Priestley–Taylor Method
A Method that allows calculations of
evapotranspiration under conditions where soil
water supply limits evapotranspiration.
Used when detailed meteorological
measurements are not available.
Methods used in measuring Evapotranspiration
Hargreaves-Samani Method
a.k.a. Hargreaves Evapotranspiration Equation
A method used for estimating reference crop
evapotranspiration (ET0) based on temperature
data
Used when insufficient meteorological data are
available for the Penman-Monteith Method.
Than k you!
Group 1 - Members:
1. Czyrra Lyn Falogme
2. Audrey Shane Marino
3. Kenneth Khim Merez
4. Jackelyn Manalon
5. Judy Ann Peralta
6. Leigh Clarms Albrecht Mutia
