CHAPTER 1
MANAGEMENT
OF SPORTING
EVENTS
INSIDE IT
1. Functions of Sports Event management (Planning,
organising, Staffing, Directing, Controlling)
2. Various Committees & Its Responsibilities (Pre, During,
Post)
3. Tournament – Knock-Out, League or Round Robin &
Combination
4. Procedure to Draw Fixtures – Knock-Out (Bye & Seeding)
& League (Staircase & Cyclic)
5. Intramural & Extramural – Meaning, Objectives & Its
Significance
6. Specific Sports Programme (Sports Day, Health Run, Run
For Fun, Run For Specific Cause & Run For Unity)
Planning
Planning means looking ahead and chalking out
future courses of action to be followed. Planning
bridges the gap between where we are to, where we
want to
Planning is a predetermined course of action to
achieve a goal.
Organising
It is the process of bringing together physical,
financial and human resources and developing
productive relationship amongst them for
achievement of organizational goals.
According to Henry Fayol, “To organize a business is
to provide it with everything useful or its functioning
i.e. raw material, tools, capital and personnel’s”.
Staffing
It is the function of manning the organization
structure and keeping it manned. Staffing has
assumed greater importance in the recent years due
to advancement of technology, increase in size of
business, complexity of human behavior etc.
The main purpose of staffing is to put right
man/woman on right job i.e. square pegs in
square holes and round pegs in round holes.
Directing
It is that part of managerial function which actuates
the organizational methods to work efficiently for
achievement of organizational purposes.
It is considered life-spark of the enterprise which
sets it in motion and action of people, because
planning, organizing and staffing are the mere
preparations for doing the work.
Controlling
It implies measurement of accomplishment against
the standards and correction of deviation if any to
ensure achievement of organizational goals.
The purpose of controlling is to ensure that
everything occurs in conformities with the standards.
An efficient system of control helps to predict
deviations before they actually occur.
According to Theo Haimann, “Controlling is the
process of checking whether or not proper progress
is being made towards the objectives and goals and
acting if necessary, to correct any deviation”.
Various Committees & their Responsibilities
Pre Tournament
Organising Comittee
Finance Committee
Publicity Committee
Technical committee
Purchase committee
During Tournament
Reception Committee
Transportation Committee
Boarding and Lodging Committee
Medical Committee
Tournament Committee
Ceremonies Committee
Official Committee
Announcement Committee
Post Tournament
After the event is over all the committees work
together (Pre and During) for winding up.
Responsible for the return of all to their homes and
countries.
Transportation committee becomes active.
Tournaments- Knockout , League &
Combination Tournament
Tournament is that series of sports in which a team
finally wins and rest of the teams lose the matches.
Importance of Tournaments
1. Development of Sports Skills
2. Propaganda of Sports
3. Helpful in Selection of Players
4. Development of National and International Integration
5. Development of Social Qualities
6. Source of Recreation
Tournaments- Knockout, League & Combination
• Four types of tournaments
1.Knock-out Tournament
2.League or Round Robin Tournament
3.Combination Tournament
4.Challenge Tournament
Knock-out Tournament
• Team once defeated is eliminated
• Winning teams continue
• Advantage - Less expensive
Enhances the standard of sports
Requires less time to complete the tournament
Minimum number of Officials are required
• Disadvantage- Chances of elimination are more
Long duration tournaments
Spectators loose interest in the final match
League or Round Robin Tournament
League or Round Robin Tournament Single league:
• Each team plays with every other team once.
• Number of matches = N(N-1)/2 where N is the number
of teams
League or Round Robin Tournament Double league
• Each team plays with every other team twice.
• Number of matches = N(N-1) where N is the number of
teams
• Teams play irrespective of victory or defeat
• Provides maximum opportunity to show the best
performance
League or Round Robin Tournament
Advantage of League Tournament
• Only strong team gets the victory in the tournament
• Every team gets full opportunity to show their performance
• Sport can be made more popular due to large number of
matches
• Sports official can easily judge the performance of
individuals or teams
• Appropriate opportunities are available to the players to
improve their performance
• Spectators also get enough opportunities to watch their
favourite players/ teams playing
League or Round Robin Tournament
Disadvantage of League Tournament
• It requires more time
• It costs more
• Difficult for organisers to make arrangements for
teams and officials
• Teams losing repeatedly gets psychologically stressed
Combination Tournaments
1. Knock-out cum Knock-out
2. League cum League
3. Knock-out cum league
4. League cum Knock-out Tournament
Procedure to Draw Fixtures
• Knock-out
1. Bye
2. Seeding
3. Special Seeding
• League
1. Cyclic
2. Staircase
3. Tabular
Essential points for knock-out Tournament
Points to be considered for Preparation of Fixtures
1. Total Number of teams participating
2. Total number of Byes
3. Number of teams in each half or quarter
4. Number of Byes to be given in each half or quarter
5. Total Number of rounds
6. Total number of matches
Method of Preparing Fixtures in Knock-out
Tournament
•Total Number of matches= N-1 ( N is the No. of Teams)
• Divide the Number of teams into two halves
• If the number of teams is not exact power of 2 (4, 8, 16, 32, 64 and
so on) and is an odd number
Upper half = (N+1)/2
Lower half= (N-1)/2
Byes are given in the first round
Number of byes = 𝟐 𝒙 - N
Number of rounds = 𝒙
• If N is an even number
Upper half= Lower half= N/2
Number of byes = 𝟐 𝒙 - N
Number of rounds = 𝒙
Method of Fixing Byes
1. First bye is given to the last team of lower half
2. 2. Second bye is given to the first team of upper
half
3. 3. Third bye is given to the first team of lower half
4. 4. Fourth bye is given to the last team of upper half
5. 5. And so on
Procedure of Fixture in League Tournament
1. Cyclic Method
2. Staircase Method
3. Tabular Method
Cyclic Method
Number of teams is even
Team 1 is fixed on the top of the right hand side
Teams are rotated in clockwise direction
Number of rounds= N-1
Number of matches = N(N-1)/2
Number of teams is odd
Bye is fixed on the top on the right hand side
Teams are rotated in clockwise direction o Number
of round = N
Number of matches = N(N-1)/2
Method of Deciding the Winner in League
Tournament
• Point system
Winner of the match= 2 points
Loser of the match= 0 points
Draw = 1 point
Team having the maximum point is declared winner
If there is a tie between two teams, their match is
held again
Intramurals
Meaning of Intramurals
• The activities which are performed within the
campus of an Institution are called Intramurals
•Students of other school can not participate in these
activities
• Motto: A game for all and each for a game
Significance of Intramurals Tournaments
1. Important for physical , mental emotional and
social development of students
2. Stress is laid on moral and ethical values
3. Necessary for the development of health of
children
4. Manages aggression
5. Provides recreation
6. Provides opportunities to students to participate
in games and sports
7. Help to develop leadership qualities among the
students
Objectives of Intramurals Tournaments
1. To provide opportunity to every student to
participate in games and sports
2. To develop the leadership qualities
3. To develop the feeling of cooperation
4. To provide recreation
5. To develop the feeling of sportsmanship
6. To provide the opportunity to learn a variety of
games and skills
7. To find out the talented sportspersons
8. To provide the experience of organisation of
competitions
Activities for Intramurals Competitions
1. Major games: Volleyball, Hockey, Tennis,
Badminton, Football etc.
2. Minor Games: Kho-Kho, Tag game, Roller skating,
Sack race etc.
3. Creative Activities: Painting, Drawing,
Sculpturing, Making Models etc.
4. Combating Activities: Boxing, Judo, Taekwondo,
Karate etc.
Meaning of Extramurals
• The activities which are performed outside the wall
of an Institution or school are called Extramurals
• Students of two or more schools participate in
these activities
• Also called Inter-School Competitions
Significance of Extramurals Tournaments
1. Provide opportunities to school to show their
sports capabilities
2. For enhancing the standard of sports performance
3. Provide appropriate knowledge of sports
techniques
4. Improve the opportunities to participate in sports
5. For making and implementing the programmes of
physical education more effectively
Objectives of Extramurals competitions
1. To improve the standards of sports
2. To provide experience to students
3. To develop sportsmanship and fraternity
4. To broaden the base of sports
5. To provide the knowledge of new rules and
advanced techniques
Specific Sports Programme
1. Sports day
2. Health runs
3. Run for Fun
4. Run for specific cause
5. Run for Unity
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