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Rational Equations
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At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able
to solve rational equations and inequalities (M11GM-
Ib-3).
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Objectives
● Define Rational Equation and inequality.
● Distinguish rational equation and
inequality.
● Solve rational equations and inequality.
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Basketball is one of the popular sports
here in the Philippines.
Sports data helps fans appreciate the
players and the team more while it
helps coaches choose players to pick
and trade.
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These data involve the concepts of rate, time, and work.
Knowledge in rational expressions and equations helps
us understand these concepts.
In this lesson, we will learn how to solve rational
equations and its applications in real-life situations.
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Rational Expression
A fraction whose numerator and denominator are both
polynomials. It can be written in the form , where and are
both polynomials, and .
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Rational Expression
Examples:
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Rational Equation
An equation whose terms are rational expressions.
Examples:
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Least Common Denominator
The least common multiple of the denominators.
Example:
The LCD of the rational expressions and is
.
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Solutions (or roots)
Values that satisfy a given rational equation.
Example:
The value is a solution of the rational expression .
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Extraneous Solutions
Values that arrived at upon solving a rational equation but do not
satisfy the given equation.
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Extraneous Solutions
Example:
In solving , will be equal to and . However, is an extraneous
solution since using as a value of makes the denominator
equal to zero; thus, the rational expression will be undefined.
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Example 1: Solve .
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Example 1: Solve .
Solution:
1. Find the LCD.
The denominators are and . Both of these
expressions are completely factored already. Thus, the LCD
of the terms of the equation is .
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Example 1: Solve .
Solution:
2. Multiply both sides of the equation by the LCD to remove
the denominators then solve for the unknown variable.
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Example 1: Solve .
Solution:
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Example 1: Solve .
Solution:
3. Verify your answer by substituting to the original
equation. Then, simplify.
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Example 1: Solve .
Solution:
Since it satisfies the equation, is the solution or root of the
given equation.
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Example 2: Find the solution(s) of .
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Example 2: Find the solution(s) of .
Solution:
1. Find the LCD.
The denominators are and . Both of these
expressions are completely factored already. Thus, the
LCD of the given equation is .
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Example 2: Find the solution(s) of .
Solution:
2. Multiply both sides of the equation by the LCD to remove
the denominators then solve for the unknown variable.
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Example 2: Find the solution(s) of .
Solution:
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Example 2: Find the solution(s) of .
Solution:
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Example 2: Find the solution(s) of .
Solution:
3. Verify your answer by substituting each obtained solution
to the original equation.
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Example 2: Find the solution(s) of .
Solution:
For :
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Example 2: Find the solution(s) of .
Solution:
Since it satisfies the equation, is a solution to the given
equation.
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Example 2: Find the solution(s) of .
Solution:
For .
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Example 2: Find the solution(s) of .
Solution:
Since it satisfies the equation, is also a solution to the given
equation.
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Example 2: Find the solution(s) of .
Solution:
Thus, and are the solutions to the given equation.
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Individual Practice:
1. Solve .
2. Solve .
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Group Practice: To be done in pairs
Andres bought 60 kilograms of fruits consisting of
pomelo and seedless red grapes. He bought ₱4 800
worth of pomelo and ₱8 400 worth of seedless red
grapes. If the cost per kilogram of seedless red grapes
is ₱30 less than that of pomelo, how many kilograms
of each fruit did he buy?
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● A rational expression is a fraction whose numerator and
denominator are both polynomials. It can be written in
the form , where and are both polynomials, and
.
● A rational equation is an equation whose terms are
rational expressions.
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● The least common denominator (LCD) is the least
common multiple of the denominators.
● A root or solution is a value that satisfies a given rational
equation.
● An extraneous root or solution is a value that arrived at
upon solving a rational equation but do not satisfy the
given equation.
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Philippine Arena FIBA Philippines vs Australia.jpg by Salmonpepperrice is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 via
Wikimedia Commons.
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Pierce, Rod. "Dividing Fractions" Math Is Fun. Retrieved February 7, 2019 from
http://www.mathsisfun.com/fractions_division.html.
Purple Math. "Solving Rational Equations." Accessed February 22, 2019.
https://www.purplemath.com/modules/solvrtnl.htm
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