Tuples.

© ISBAT UNIVERSITY – 2023. 01/06/2024

Tuple

 Tuples are used to store multiple items in a single variable.

 Tuple is one of 4 built-in data types in Python used to store
collections of data, the other 3 are List, Set, and Dictionary, all with
different qualities and usage.
 A tuple is a collection which is ordered and unchangeable.
 Tuples are written with round brackets.

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Create a Tuple:

mytuple = (“mango", “melon", “grapes")

print(mytuple)

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Tuple Items

 Tuple items are ordered, unchangeable, and allow duplicate values.

 Tuple items are indexed, the first item has index [0], the second item has
index [1] etc.
 Ordered
 When we say that tuples are ordered, it means that the items have a defined
order, and that order will not change.
 Unchangeable
 Tuples are unchangeable, meaning that we cannot change, add or remove
items after the tuple has been created.
 Allow Duplicates
 Since tuples are indexed, they can have items with the same value:
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 Tuples allow duplicate values:

mytuple = ("apple", "banana", "cherry", "apple", "cherry")

print(mytuple)

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Tuple Length

 To determine how many items a tuple has, use the len() function:

 Print the number of items in the tuple:

 mytuple = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")

 print(len(mytuple))

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Create Tuple With One Item

 To create a tuple with only one item, you have to add a comma after the item,
otherwise Python will not recognize it as a tuple.

 One item tuple, remember the comma:

thistuple = ("apple",)
print(type(thistuple))

#NOT a tuple
thistuple = ("apple")
print(type(thistuple))
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Tuple Items - Data Types

 Tuple items can be of any data type:

 Example
 String, int and boolean data types:

 tuple1 = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")

 tuple2 = (1, 5, 7, 9, 3)
 tuple3 = (True, False, False)

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 A tuple can contain different data types:

 A tuple with strings, integers and boolean values:

 tuple1 = ("abc", 34, True, 40, "male")

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 type()
 tuples are defined as objects with the data type 'tuple':

<class 'tuple'>
 What is the data type?

mytuple = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")

print(type(mytuple))

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The tuple() Constructor

 It is also possible to use the tuple() constructor to make a tuple.

 Using the tuple() method to make a tuple:

mytuple= tuple(("apple", "banana", "cherry"))

# note the double round-brackets
print(mytuple)

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Access Tuple Items

 You can access tuple items by referring to the index number, inside
square brackets:

 Print the second item in the tuple:

mytuple = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")

print(mytuple [1])

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Negative Indexing

 Negative indexing means start from the end.

 -1 refers to the last item, -2 refers to the second last item etc.

 Print the last item of the tuple:

mytuple = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")

print(mytuple[-1])

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 Note: The search will start at index 2 (included) and end at index 5
(not included).
 Remember that the first item has index 0.
 By leaving out the start value, the range will start at the first item:
 This example returns the items from the beginning to, but NOT
included, "kiwi":

mytuple = ("apple", "banana", "cherry", "orange", "kiwi", "melon",

"mango")
print(mytuple[:4])
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 By leaving out the end value, the range will go on to the end of the
list:

 This example returns the items from "cherry" and to the end:

mytuple = ("apple", "banana", "cherry", "orange", "kiwi", "melon",

"mango")
print(mytuple[2:])

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Range of Negative Indexes

 Specify negative indexes if you want to start the search from the end
of the tuple:

 This example returns the items from index -4 (included) to index -1

(excluded)

thistuple = ("apple", "banana", "cherry", "orange", "kiwi", "melon",

"mango")
print(thistuple[-4:-1])

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Check if Item Exists

 To determine if a specified item is present in a tuple use the in

keyword:
 Check if "apple" is present in the tuple:

thistuple = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")

if "apple" in thistuple:
print("Yes, 'apple' is in the fruits tuple"

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 Tuples are unchangeable, meaning that you cannot change, add, or
remove items once the tuple is created.
 But there are some workarounds.
 Change Tuple Values
 Once a tuple is created, you cannot change its values. Tuples are
unchangeable, or immutable as it also is called.
 But there is a workaround. You can convert the tuple into a list,
change the list, and convert the list back into a tuple.

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Convert the tuple into a list to be able to change it:

x = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")

y = list(x)
y[1] = "kiwi"
x = tuple(y)

print(x)

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 Add Items
 Since tuples are immutable, they do not have a built-in append()
method, but there are other ways to add items to a tuple.

 1. Convert into a list: Just like the workaround for changing a tuple,
you can convert it into a list, add your item(s), and convert it back
into a tuple.

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Convert the tuple into a list, add "orange", and convert it back into a
tuple:

thistuple = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")

y = list(thistuple)
y.append("orange")
thistuple = tuple(y)

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 Add tuple to a tuple.
 You are allowed to add tuples to tuples, so if you want to add one
item, (or many), create a new tuple with the item(s), and add it to the
existing tuple:

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Create a new tuple with the value "orange", and add that tuple:

thistuple = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")

y = ("orange",)
thistuple += y

print(thistuple)

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Remove Items

Note: You cannot remove items in a tuple.

Tuples are unchangeable, so you cannot remove items from it, but you
can use the same workaround as we used for changing and adding tuple
items:
Convert the tuple into a list, remove "apple", and convert it back into a
tuple:
thistuple = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")
y = list(thistuple)
y.remove("apple")
thistuple = tuple(y)
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Or you can delete the tuple completely:

The del keyword can delete the tuple completely:

thistuple = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")

del thistuple
print(thistuple) #this will raise an error because the tuple no longer
exists

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Unpacking a Tuple

 When we create a tuple, we normally assign values to it. This is called

"packing" a tuple:
 Packing a tuple:

fruits = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")

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 But, in Python, we are also allowed to extract the values back into
variables. This is called "unpacking":
 Unpacking a tuple:

fruits = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")

(green, yellow, red) = fruits
print(green)
print(yellow)
print(red)

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 Note: The number of variables must match the number of values in
the tuple, if not, you must use an asterisk to collect the remaining
values as a list.
Using Asterisk*
 If the number of variables is less than the number of values, you can

add an * to the variable name and the values will be assigned to the
variable as a list:

© ISBAT UNIVERSITY – 2023. 01/06/2024

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Assign the rest of the values as a list called "red":

fruits = ("apple", "banana", "cherry", "strawberry", "raspberry")

(green, yellow, *red) = fruits
print(green)
print(yellow)
print(red)

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 If the asterisk is added to another variable name than the last,
 Python will assign values to the variable until the number of values left

matches the number of variables left.

Example
Add a list of values the "tropic" variable:
fruits = ("apple", "mango", "papaya", "pineapple", "cherry")
(green, *tropic, red) = fruits
print(green)
print(tropic)
print(red)
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Loop Through a Tuple

 You can loop through the tuple items by using a for loop.
Iterate through the items and print the values:

thistuple = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")

for x in thistuple:
print(x)

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Loop Through the Index Numbers

 You can also loop through the tuple items by referring to their index
number.
 Use the range() and len() functions to create a suitable iterable
 Print all items by referring to their index number:

thistuple = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")

for i in range(len(thistuple)):
print(thistuple[i])

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Using a While Loop

 You can loop through the tuple items by using a while loop.
 Use the len() function to determine the length of the tuple, then start
at 0 and loop your way through the tuple items by referring to their
indexes.
 Remember to increase the index by 1 after each iteration.

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Print all items, using a while loop to go through all the index numbers:

thistuple = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")

i=0
while i < len(thistuple):
print(thistuple[i])
i=i+1

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Join Two Tuples

 To join two or more tuples you can use the + operator:

 Join two tuples:

tuple1 = ("a", "b" , "c")

tuple2 = (1, 2, 3)

tuple3 = tuple1 + tuple2

print(tuple3)

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Multiply Tuples

 If you want to multiply the content of a tuple a given number of

times, you can use the * operator:
 Multiply the fruits tuple by 2:

fruits = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")

mytuple = fruits * 2
print(mytuple)

© ISBAT UNIVERSITY – 2023. 01/06/2024

Tuple Methods
Python has two built-in methods that you can use on tuples.

count()
 Returns the number of times a specified value occurs in a tuple

index()
 Searches the tuple for a specified value and returns the position of

where it was found

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