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Floor System in Multistory Building

The document discusses floor systems in multistory buildings. It describes the main functions of floor structural subsystems to carry loads and transfer them to supporting structures. It also discusses types of floor structures including concrete, steel, and composite steel-concrete floors. Composite steel-concrete construction combines advantages of steel and concrete with benefits like reduced construction time and improved floor height. The document also covers floor finish and ceiling subsystems.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
193 views25 pages

Floor System in Multistory Building

The document discusses floor systems in multistory buildings. It describes the main functions of floor structural subsystems to carry loads and transfer them to supporting structures. It also discusses types of floor structures including concrete, steel, and composite steel-concrete floors. Composite steel-concrete construction combines advantages of steel and concrete with benefits like reduced construction time and improved floor height. The document also covers floor finish and ceiling subsystems.
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FLOOR SYSTEM IN MULTISTORY BUILDING

Floor Structural Subsystem Floor Finish Subsystem Ceiling (Soffit of floor) finish subsystem.

FLOOR STRUCTURAL SUB SYSTEM

Vertical Loading Function


The main function of the floor structural system is to carry the live loads and dead loads that are placed on it. Then the floor structure has to transfer these loads to either support beams of the structural frame or supporting structural walls. The floor structure must be stiff enough as to neither noticeable deflect due to the load nor felt to oscillate when repetitive impact loads (e.g people walking) are applied.

Horizontal Loading Function


Act as internal strut of the buildings horizontal loading structural system. Deeper solid floor slabs or joists or girders give better stiffness to the building Yet to compensate for the deeper floor slab or girders or joist, designers will increase the floor-to-ceiling height. The impact is more expense due to longer ducts, lift shafts, increased materials etc. On the other hand, if the designer does not increase the floor to ceiling height, the headroom will be limited and the use of false ceilings and floors to house the services runs is restricted.

TYPES OF FLOOR

Concrete Floor

Steel Floor

Composite steel-concrete

ADVANTAGES OF COMPOSITE STEELCONCRETE CONSTRUCTION


1. Combination of the advantages of steel with advantages of concrete Reduced temporary works Reduced wet construction operations Improved usable floor height space

2. 3. 4.

Light-weight or normal concrete floor structures

ONE WAY SYSTEM

TWO WAY SYSTEM

ONE WAY SYSTEM


1. 2. 3. 4.

Cast in situ solid Slab Slab on Joist Floors Pre-cast concrete slab Post-tensioned joist supporting pre cast concrete slab or in situ concrete slabs.

TWO WAY SYSTEM

Two way slabs on stiff beams Two way slabs on shallow joist bands Flat slabs Waffle slabs Pre-cast slabs Diagrid floors

Steel Floor Structures


Two classes of steel floor structures

NON COMPOSITE FLOOR INTERACTION

COMPOSITE FLOOR INTERACTION

NON COMPOSITE FLOOR INTERACTION

The floor r.c slab can act separately from steel framework. In other words, the steel and concrete components of the floor act as separate structural entities.

COMPOSITE FLOOR INTERACTION

The floor slab can act in composite way with steel framework. In other words, the steel and concrete are keyed to each other and interact as a single element instead of two separate components

STEEL FLOOR CONSISTS OF 2 COMPONENTS

FLOOR SLAB

HORIZONTAL SPAN MEMBERS

CAST IN SITU CONCRETE SLAB ON CORRUGATED METAL DECK WITH ANCHOR STUD CAST IN SITU CONCRETE SLAB

CAST IN SITU CONCRETE SLAB ON CORRUGATED METAL DECK

SKIN SYSTEM
PRE CAST CONCRETE SLAB CERAMIC SLAB

CASTELLATED HOT ROLLED BEAM

VIERENDEEL GIRDERS

TAPPERED OR HAUNCHED GIRDERS

OPEN WEBBEB STEEL JOIST

HORIZONTAL SPAN MEMBERS


LATTICE GIRDERS

TRUST GIRDERS

HOT ROLLED BEAM STUB GIRDERS

NON COMPOSITE STEEL FLOOR

COMPOSITE STEEL FLOOR WHERE STEEL I BEAM IS EMBEDDED IN CONCRETE

COMPOSITE STEEL FLOOR USING METAL DECKING

TYPES OF COMPOSITE STEEL FLOORS

Fire Protection
Contact fire proofing
The steel frame may be fireproofed by either encased in a fireproof material such as concrete or sprayed with contact fire proofing materials e.g vermiculite If steel decking is part of the floor system, the soffit of the decking is spayed with contact fire proofing materials e.g vermiculite

Ceiling as membrane fire fighting


The ceiling behaves as a fire resistance barrier. It protects the floor structure and the M&E ducts, pipes and cabling within the ceiling space fr. the floor below. To prevent fire spread through the ceiling space, fire curtains are installed in the ceiling space to firecompartmentalise the space

Accommodation of Services
1. Below the floor The horizontal M&E pipes and ducts are suspended either from the floor frame or from the soffit in the suspended ceiling space. Within the floor The M&E pipes and ducts are directly supported by the floor either through the penetrations in the floor components e.g. holes through beams, trusses girders or imbedded in the concrete slab or in chases in the floor slab. Above the floor The M&E pipes and ducts are directly supported on the floor in the space created by raised floors.

2.

3.

FLOOR FINISH SUBSYSTEMS

The floor finish is usually screed which is laid on the concrete slab. Tiling or membrane type covers (e.g. carpet, linoleum) are laid on the screed. Access boxes for the M&E ducts lain in the floor slab are positioned relevant to the layout of the floor.

Screed floor

Propriety raised floor systems are installed onto the floor creating a false floor. Space within the raised floor accommodate M&E ducts, cables etc and allows the used of under-floor air-conditioning plenums. Manufacturing have devised raised floor systems that modular and integrated for accomodating air conditioning, electricity and telecommunication services lines.

Raised floor

Ceiling Subsystems

Wet construction

Dry construction

Plaster or spray finish or cemented acoustic tiling that are clad directly to the floor soffit.
May also be in the form or wet plastering on dry boards on a frame that is either suspended from the floor soffit or fixed directly to the floor soffit

Dry boards or tiles fastened on a frame either suspended from the floor soffit or fixed directly to the floor soffit. Made from gypsum, metal lath, wood cement etc. Tiles are usually of the acoustic type.
Ceiling are either attached directly to the floor or suspended with hanging wires or rods from the floor.

Usually for residential building

Suspended ceilings

SOLID TYPE

GRID TILE TYPE LINEAR PLANKING TYPE

CONSTRUCTION OF SUSPENDED CEILING

Assembly of separate parts installed by various tradesmen. The parts are standard design components and may be sourced from different manufacturers. However the dimensions of the light, air-conditioning and fire safety fittings are usually aesthetically incompatible with the ceiling Assembly of a complete propriety system from a single manufacturer. Such a ceiling is called an integrated ceiling. An integrated ceiling is either of the linear plank type or the grid tile type. The ceiling system consists of the following components. - ceiling support system - ceiling materials for acoustic and fire protection - light fittings - HVAC air diffuser

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