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CELLULITIS

Cellulitis is an acute bacterial skin infection characterized by redness, warmth, swelling and pain in the infected skin area. It occurs when bacteria breaks the skin barrier and releases toxins into the subcutaneous tissue. Common causes are Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococci. Risk factors include skin breaks, obesity, and immunocompromised states. Symptoms include fever, erythema, swelling and pain. Treatment involves oral antibiotics like dicloxacillin or amoxicillin for mild cases.

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Kwarteng Emmanuel
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77 views11 pages

CELLULITIS

Cellulitis is an acute bacterial skin infection characterized by redness, warmth, swelling and pain in the infected skin area. It occurs when bacteria breaks the skin barrier and releases toxins into the subcutaneous tissue. Common causes are Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococci. Risk factors include skin breaks, obesity, and immunocompromised states. Symptoms include fever, erythema, swelling and pain. Treatment involves oral antibiotics like dicloxacillin or amoxicillin for mild cases.

Uploaded by

Kwarteng Emmanuel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
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CELLULITIS

PRESENTED BY MALE SURGICAL WARD


CELLULITIS

 An acute spreading bacterial infection beneath the skin surface


characterized by redness (erythema), warmth, swelling and pain
in the infected area of the skin.

 Cellulitis occurs when bacteria breaks the skin barrier to enter


and release their toxins into the subcutaneous tissues.
ETIOLOGY

Bacteremic spread of infection – Staphylococcus aureus and


Streptococci are usual causative agents.
H. Influenzae (periorbital cullulitis)

Community acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus


Aureus (MRSA)-most likely the pathogen present in severe
infection
P R E D I S P O S I N G R I S K FA C T O R S

 Immuno-compromised host ( Eg, Leukaemia, HIV/AIDS and


DM)
Dermatitis such as tinea pedis

Break in the skin from an abrasion, a cut or a skin ulcer.

Local trauma, such as an animal bite, punctured wounds.

Obesity

History of cellulitis
PAT H O P H Y S I O L O G Y

Break in the skin, such as a fissure, cut, laceration, insect bite, or


punctured wound causes entry of bacteria into the subcutaneous
tissue.
Deep inflammation of subcutaneous tissue from enzymes
produced by bacteria.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

Fever

Chills

Erythema

Swelling

Local tenderness and pain

Enlarged and tender lymph nodes.

Malaise

Blisters

Skin dimpling
DIAGNOSIS

History Collection

Physical Examination

Wound Swab for Culture and Sensitivity Test.

Full Blood Count


MANAGEMENT

Mild cases of cellulitis can be treated on an outpatient basis with oral


antibiotic therapy with Dicloxacillin, Amoxicillin, or Cephalexin.
Pain management – Acetaminophen 10-15mg/kg per day po q4-6hours.

Patient with Penicillin allergy; Clindamycin/Vancomycin or a


Macrolide(Clarithromycin/Azithromycin) are reasonable alternatives.
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole 8-12mg/kg per day po bd for 7 days.
NON-PHARMACOLOGIC
I N T E RV E N T I O N S

Apply moist heat to the affected area

Immobilize the affected part and Elevate the extremity above


heart level.
Wash cuts or punctured wounds with soap and water to keep the
area clean and dry.
Good nutrition

Adequate rest.
C O M P L I C AT I O N S

Blood infection (Septicaemia)

Bone infection (Osteomyelitis)

Lymphangitis

Endocarditis

Tissue death

Shock

Thrombophlebitis
THE END

THANK YOU!!!

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