CLIENTELE AND AUDIENCES

OF COUNSELING
1. People who abuse drugs
2. People who use tobacco
3. People who abuse alcohol
4. Women
5. Older Adults
6. People with AIDS
7. Victims of Abuse
8. Gay and Lesbian
COUNSELING AND ITS
WORK SETTINGS
1. Counselors in Community
Settings
2. Counselors in the Private
Sector
3. Counselors in Schools
4. Counselors in the Government
COUNSELING AND ITS
PROCESSES
PROCESSES IN COUNSELING
The counseling process is considered as an art
and a science. The art, which is the
subjective part, requires counseling to be
sensitive to the world of the client. It entails
good listening skills and ability to demonstrate
care and empathy. The science which
represents the objective part of the process
requires the use of scientific tools to obtain
comprehension on what is happening during
the different stages of the counseling process.
 SIX STAGES OF THE
COUNSELING PROCESS
Stage One: Relationship Building
-This is the heart of the counseling
process because it provides the force and
foundation for the counseling to succeed.
Relationship building is the art dimension
of counseling. This stage involves
establishing rapport, promote acceptance
of the client as a person with worth,
establishing genuine interaction, promote
direct mutual communication, helping
clients understand themselves, helping
client focus and slowly promote counseling
relevant communication from the client.
Stage Two: Assessment and
Diagnosis
- The assessment and diagnosis stage
is one of the most crucial stages. This
serves as the window for the counselor
to have a thorough appreciation of the
client's condition. It entails analysis of
the root causes of the problem. The
data that will be gathered in the
diagnosis will be utilized in the
formulation of goals.
Stage Three: Formulation of Counseling
Goals.
-Goals are important as it sets the direction of
the counseling process. It shall serve as the
parameter of work and the client- counselor
relationship. Counseling goals may be treated
as a process goal or outcome goal. Process
goals institute the circumstances needed to
make the counseling work progress, which
includes promoting a good relationship. The
outcome goals stipulate the desire of the client
in terms of the counseling process.
Nevertheless, the client and counselor must
agree on the counseling goals.
Stage Four: Intervention and Problem-solving.
Upon formulation of the counseling goals, the
strategies for intervention may now be outlined.
Interventions comprise of individual, group, couples,
and family counseling. The client's participation in
choosing intervention strategies has more benefits. The
guidelines include the following:
(a) the counselor has to provide a mapping of the
different approaches offered, (b) describe the role of the
counselor and client for each procedure, (c) identify
possible risks and benefits that may come and (d)
estimate the time and cost of each procedure.
Problem-solving approach may be applied in the
counseling process. And these are: problem detection,
problem definition, identification of alternative
solutions, decision- making, execution, and
verification
Stage Five: Termination and Follow-up.
The essential goal in counseling to witness a
client progress on his/her own without the
assistance of the counselor. There are four
components of termination:
a. Discussion of the end of counseling
b. Review of the course of counseling
c. Closure of the counselor-client relationship
d. Discussion of the client's future and post-
counseling plan
These four components indicate that the
client-counselor relationship must be ended
aptly.
Stage Six: Research and
Evaluation
Research and evaluation are
fundamental part of the
evaluation. Results of the
research provide a scientific
appreciation of the
counseling situation.