Learning Objective: At the end of this module, the students should be enhanced for community
preparedness during a disaster
Methodology:Lecture – discussion
Requirements: Attendance
Participation during discussion
Content: 1. What are the common types of disaster?
2. What are the general effects of disaster?
3. What is disaster preparedness?
4. What are the general disaster counter-measures?
5. What are the Philippines approaches to disaster management?
6. What are the common problems in disaster management?
7. What are the components of disaster management?
8. What can influence disaster warning?
9. What are the disaster management policies?
10. What are the different tasks of the National Disaster Coordinating
Council?
11. Who are the members of the Council?
12. What are the objectives of disaster management?
13. What does the National Disaster Management Program contain?
14. What are the suggestions to enhance community preparedness?
Time Allotment: 3 hours
Introduction
A disaster is an event, natural or manmade, sudden or
progressive, which impacts with such severity, that the affected
community has to respond by taking exceptional measures.
It is a serious disruption of the functioning of a society
causing widespread human, material, financial, and
environmental losses which exceed the ability of the society to
cope using its own resources.
The Philippines is oftentimes subjected to different
natural disasters and calamities because we are surrounded by
water. It is considered as an Archipelago because our country is
composed of 7,000 islands.
These ocean and seas that surround us are considered
blessings because they are the source of marine wealth.
What are the common types
of disaster?
The different disasters that Filipino experience are:
1. Earthquake
Lubang Island, Mindoro
2. Volcanic eruption
Mt. Pinatubo, Zambales
3. Tsunami
Tsunami Warning
March 11, 2011
4. Tropical cyclone (typhoon, hurricane)
Super typhoon “Pepeng”
5. Flood
Metro Manila after Typhoon “Ondoy”
6. Landslide
Guinsaugon, Leyte
7. Bushfire (or wildfire)
Nagsasa, Zambales
8. Drought
Capiz, March 2010
9. Epidemic
Dengue Outbreak
10. Major accident
December 24, 2010 Lubang-bound MV Catalyn B
11. Armed conflict and civil unrest
Surigao del Sur and Maguindanao
What are the general effects of disaster?
Loss of life
Injury
Damage to and destruction of property
Damage to and destruction of subsistence and cash crops
Disruptions of production
Disruption of lifestyles
Loss of livelihood
Disruption of essential services
Damage to national infrastructure and disruption of governmental systems
National economic loss, and
Sociological and psychological after-effects
With the different calamities presented, there is a need for calamity
and disaster preparedness so that the people will be aware of how they will, at
least, manage their families accordingly during these calamities.
What is Disaster Preparedness?
These are measures, which
enable government agencies,
organizations, communities, and
individuals to respond rapidly and
effectively to disaster situations.
What are the general disaster counter-measures?
1. Development of possible warning indicators
2. Land-use regulations
3. Building regulations
4. Relocation of communities
5. Public awareness and education programs
6. Evacuation plans and arrangements
7. Fire prevention regulations
8. International cooperation in information and
technology sharing
What are the Philippine approaches to
disaster management?
1. Prevent/mitigate
2. Prepare
3. Take adaptive action, and
4. Take corrective action
What are the common problems in
disaster management?
1. Lack of appreciation for
the Disaster Preparedness
Program by local officials
themselves
2. Lack of a strong and
effective Disaster Coordinating council installed in the LGU
3. Absence of Disaster Preparedness Planning
4. Lack of effective linkages for disaster operation
5. Absence of a functional Disaster Operation Center
6. Erroneous disaster reporting and monitoring
What are the components of Disaster
Management?
1. Prevention. These are actions designed to impede the
occurrence of a disaster or its harmful effects on
communities and key installations.
2. Mitigation. These are programs intended to reduce the
ill effects of disaster.
3. Preparedness. These are measures, which enable
governments, organizations, communities and
individuals to respond rapidly and effectively to disaster
situations.
4. Disaster Impact. This reminds us that the impact of
disasters can vary between different types of disasters.
5. Response. These are measures taken immediately prior
to and following disaster impact.
6. Recovery. This is a process by which communities and
organizations are assessed in returning to their proper
level of functioning following a disaster.
7. Development. This provides the link between disaster-
related activities and national development.
President
National Disaster Coordinating
Council (NDCC)
Office of the Civil Defense (OCD)
Regional Disaster Coordinating City Disaster Coordinating
Council (RDCC) Council (CDCC)
Provincial Disaster Coordinating Barangay Disaster Coordinating
Council (PDCC) Council (BDCC)
Municipal Disaster Coordinating
Council (MDCC)
Barangay Disaster Coordinating
Council (BDCC)
Who are the members of the
Council?
The Chairman is the Secretary of the Department of National
defense. The members are:
1. Department of Public Work and Highways (DPWH)
2. Department of Transportation and Communication (DOTC)
3. Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD)
4. Department of Agriculture (DA)
5. Department of education, Culture and Sports (DECS) – now it is
the Department of Education (DepEd)
6. Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA)
7. Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE)
8. Department of Trade and Industry (DTI)
The different coordinating councils have personnel
stationed in their respective operation centers, composed
of the following:
1. Damage Assessment and Needs Analysis Unit
2. Emergency Management Information Service Unit
3. Vulnerability Risk Reduction Management Unit
4. Plans and Operations Unit; and
5. Resource Unit
Each council shall provide operating units for:
1. Communication, Transportation Service and Early
Warning Device
2. Health Services
3. Auxiliary Fire and Police Services
4. Relief and Rehabilitation Services
5. Public Information Services
6. Rescue, Evacuation and Engineering Services
What are the Objectives of Disaster
Management?
To avoid or reduce physical
and economic losses
To reduce human personal
sufferings and personal losses
To achieve rapid and durable
recovery
Self-Test: (Integrating Activity)
I. Enumeration
1-10 Ten common types of disaster
11-16 General effects of disasters
17-24 Components of disaster management
II. Essay
How can you briefly be of help to your community
during a disaster? Discuss very briefly
Reference:
GASILLA-DELA CRUZ, SONIA G. 2005. NSTP National
Development via National Service Training
Program (CWTS & ROTC). Books Atbp. Publishing
Corp. 151 Rev. Aglipay St., Mandaluyong City, pp 63-71.
