Research Paper

Group 6
Research Paper
● Is a type of academic writing that provides an in-depth analysis,
evaluation, or interpretation of a single topic, based on empirical
evidence.
• Research papers are similar to analytical essays, except
that research papers emphasize the use of statistical data
and preexisting research, along with a strict code for
citations.
Types of
Research
Paper
1. Argumentative / Persuasive Research
Paper
● Presents two sides of a controversial issue in one paper. It is
aimed at getting the reader on the side of your point of view.

● You should include and cite findings and arguments of

different researchers on both sides of the issue, but then
favor one side over the other and try to persuade the reader
of your side.
 2. Analytical Research Paper

● In an analytical research paper you pose a question and then collect

relevant data from other researchers to analyze their different
viewpoints. You focus on the findings and conclusions of other
researchers and then make a personal conclusion about the topic. It is
important to stay neutral and not show your own negative or positive
position on the matter.
 3. Experimental Research Paper
● This type of research paper basically describes a particular
experiment in detail.
● Experiments are aimed to explain a certain outcome or
phenomenon with certain actions. You need to describe your
experiment with supporting data and then analyze sufficiently.
 4. Definition Paper
● The definition paper solely describes facts or objective
arguments without using any personal emotion or opinion of the
author. Its only purpose is to provide information. You should
include facts from a variety of sources, but leave those facts
unanalyzed.
 5. Expository Research Paper
● An expository paper requires the writer to research and
investigate an idea, gather supporting evidence, and present a
point of view or argument on the topic. This can be done through
multiple methods including compare and contrast, cause and
effect and examples.
 Remember:
If you’re writing presenting an analysis of
information, then your paper is analytical. If
you’re writing to explain information, then your
paper is expository. If you’re arguing a
conclusion, then it’s argumentative or
persuasive. Your thesis statement should match
the type of paper you’re writing.
 Chapter 1: THE PROBLEM
AND ITS SCOPE
Chapter 2: REVIEW OF
RELATED LITERATURE AND
STUDIES
Chapter 3: RESEARCH
DESIGN AND
Parts of a METHODOLOGY
Research Paper Chapter 4: PRESENTATION
OF DATA, ANALYSIS AND
INTERPRETATION
Chapter 5: SUMMARY OF
FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS
AND RECOMMENDATIONS
 Chapter 1: The Problem and its Scope
● Background of the Study – includes purpose and reason
behind the conduct of the study. (What made you conduct
the study?) Also serves as the introduction.

● Statement of the Problem – the main problem that the

research is trying to solve. It follows the formulation of the
title and should be faithful to it. It specifically points the
important questions that the study needs to answer.
 Chapter 1: The Problem and its Scope
● Significance of the Study – (Why conduct the study?) You
have to identify who will benefit from the research and how
they will be benefitted. This should match with the
Recommendations.
● Assumptions of the Study – the expected outcome of the
research.
 Chapter 1: The Problem and its Scope
● Scope and Limitations of the Study – determines the
coverage of the study and all the things that it will not cover
in order to be specific.

● Definition of Terms – defines technical terms based on how

they are used in the study, specifically in the title. This aims
to provide the readers or future researches with the basic
terminologies that are important to understand the paper.
 Chapter 2: Review of Related
Literature and Studies
● This is where you will use your note cards and will serve as
the foundation of your research.
● This is your own work and therefore should not directly lift
words from other sources. This will require your command
of language and writing skills such as summarizing,
paraphrasing and writing indirect speeches.
 Chapter 2: Review of Related
Literature and Studies
● Step 1 – Organize your note cards on how you would want
them to appear in the chapter.
● Step 2 – Begin writing the chapter while including the
surnames of authors who provided sources for your study
and the publication date of their work in parentheses.

● Step 3 – Edit. Rewrite.

 Chapter 3: Research Design and
Methodology
● Method of Research – the kind of research used by your
study. This answers why the method used is appropriate for
the study.
● Subjects of the Study – describes your respondents: who
they are, what their profile is, where they are from, etc.

● Description of Research Instrument – describes your

instrument which is the questionnaire.
 Chapter 3: Research Design and
Methodology
● Data Gathering Procedure – narrates the process undergone
by the study that eventually leads to the findings.

● Statistical Treatment Applied - The statistical treatment that

you will use which includes your sampling method and
formulas to come up.
 Chapter 4: Presentation of Data,
Analysis and Interpretation
● Results of the Study – presents all the data gathered using
the questionnaire by tabulating all the gathered information.
Aside from the tables, an interpretation of each presented
data should follow. These will serve as the bases of your
Summary of Findings.
 Chapter 5: Summary of Findings,
Conclusions and Recommendations
● Recommendations – should be directly based on the
significance of the study. This also includes the
recommended actions that should be done after the conduct
of the study such as further assessment of the subject, focus
on other factors, etc.
 Stages of Writing a Research
Paper

Research
and Writing Revision
Planning
Research and
Planning
 1. Understand the assignment

● Read it carefully, ● Identify the ● Consider your time

look for anything assignment goal, frame and word
confusing you that deadline, length, limit; be realistic
you might need to specifications, and plan enough
clarify with your formatting and time to research,
professor. submission method. write and edit.
● Choose a topic that interest you.

● Possible to research.
2. Choose a
● Meet the criteria of your Research Topic
assignment.

● Aim for ideas that are both

original and specific
 ● A thesis statement is a sentence that

3. Develop a Thesis sums up the central point of your

paper or essay.

Statement ● Your thesis will look a bit different

depending on a type of essay
you’re writing. But the thesis
statement should always clearly
state the main idea you want to get
across.
● Use variety of sources including
journals, books and reliable
4. Conduct
websites.
Preliminary
Research
 ● A research paper outline is

5. Research Paper essentially a list of the key topics,

arguments and evidence you want

Outline to include, divided into sections

with headings so that you can know
roughly what the paper will look
like before writing.
Writing
 6. The Introduction
What is your paper all about? Why is your paper relevant?
Introduce your topic and Give explanation with supporting
purpose of your paper evidence of what is the significance of
your chosen topic

How you are going to

build your paper?
Conclude the introductory paragraph with
your thesis statement
 7. Writing the Body
Several paragraphs or sections Organize the Related Literature
Each paragraph and section Include research that is connected with
covers one idea your topic

Make effective transitions

Follow your outline and keep your thesis
statement in mind
 8. Writing the Conclusion
No new evidence or
arguments Summarize your point
Explain why you believe those points
support your case

Suggest areas for further

research
Point out why this topic bears further
research
Revision
 Evaluating the First Draft
→ Is your paper clean and organized?
→ Have you used concrete details and facts?
→ Do your arguments support and prove your
thesis?
→ Are your sources properly cited?
→ Have you checked for accidental plagiarism
and grammar?
 Re-Drafting
≫ Prioritize for the biggest changes

≫ Reorder information or evidence

≫ Make cuts and addition of information

≫ Reformulate arguments
 Editing
≫ Fix grammatical errors

≫ Improve sentence structure

≫ Remove unnecessary sentences

≫ Avoid repetition
 Proofreading
≫ Spelling errors and missing words

≫ Check the format

≫ Punctuation error

≫ Missing and excess spaces

THANK YOU FOR
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