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This document discusses force and acceleration in engineering analysis. It explains Newton's laws of motion and how force, mass and acceleration are related. It then demonstrates how to apply forces like wind and gravity to objects in code and simulate their movement and interaction.

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30 views

Class Session File

This document discusses force and acceleration in engineering analysis. It explains Newton's laws of motion and how force, mass and acceleration are related. It then demonstrates how to apply forces like wind and gravity to objects in code and simulate their movement and interaction.

Uploaded by

Blank User
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Engineering Analysis

Lec.7
Fall course 2021-2022
3rd Year

Nyan Dawood
Force and Acceleration

Newton First law:


“An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion
at a constant speed and direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced
force”.
Newton second law:
“Force equals mass times acceleration”.

Acceleration is directly proportional to force and inversely proportional to mass. This means
that if you get pushed, the harder you are pushed, the faster you’ll move (accelerate). The
bigger you are, the slower you’ll move.
in the world of Processing, what is mass anyway? Aren’t we dealing
with pixels?
To start in a simpler place, let’s say that in our pretend pixel world, all
of our objects have a mass
equal to 1.
A=F/1 .
Supposing the force applied by wind (horizontal action), and gravity
(vertical action )
we saw that acceleration was the key to controlling the movement of our
objects on screen.
Location is adjusted by velocity, and velocity by acceleration. Acceleration
was where it all began.
Now we learn that force is truly where it all begins.

class Mover {
PVector location;
PVector velocity;
PVector acceleration;
}
The goal to be able add force to the object
creating a moving object on the screen that responds to
wind and gravity.
mover.applyForce(wind);
mover.applyForce(gravity);
mover.update();
mover.display();

o if we had forgotten to reset acceleration to zero, the gust of wind would still be in
effect. Even worse, it would add onto itself from the previous frame.
This problem will be solved by cancel the acceleration each frame by:

void update() {
velocity.add(acceleration);
location.add(velocity);
acceleration.mult(0);
}
PVector wind = new PVector(0.01,0); //horizontal force
PVector gravity = new PVector(0,0.1); // vertical force
m.applyForce(wind);
m.applyForce(gravity);
Force analysis
class Mover {
PVector location;
PVector velocity;
PVector acceleration;
float mass; //The object now has mass!
Mover() {
mass = 1; //for simples the calculation
location = new PVector(30,30);
velocity = new PVector(0,0);
acceleration = new PVector(0,0);
}
void applyForce(PVector force) { //Newton’s second law.
PVector f = PVector.div(force,mass);
acceleration.add(f);
}
void update() {
velocity.add(acceleration);
location.add(velocity);
acceleration.mult(0);
}
void display() {
stroke(0);
fill(175);
ellipse(location.x,location.y,mass*16,mass*16);
} // Scaling the size according to mass.
void checkEdges() {
if (location.x > width) { // bouncing when reach edges
location.x = width;
velocity.x *= -1;
} else if (location.x < 0) {
velocity.x *= -1;
location.x = 0;
}
if (location.y > height) {
velocity.y *= -1;
location.y = height;
}
}
}
Multi mover
Mover[] movers = new Mover[100];
void setup() {
//Initializing many Mover objects, all with random mass (and all starting at
0,0)
for (int i = 0; i < movers.length; i++) {
movers[i] = new Mover(random(0.1,5),0,0);
}
}
void draw() {
background(255);
PVector wind = new PVector(0.01,0);
PVector gravity = new PVector(0,0.1); //Make up two forces.
//Loop through all objects and apply both forces to each object.
for (int i = 0; i < movers.length; i++) {
movers[i].applyForce(wind);
movers[i].applyForce(gravity);
movers[i].update();
movers[i].display();
movers[i].checkEdges();
}
}
Note :
Note how in the multi mover balls , the smaller circles reach the right of
the window faster than the larger ones. This is because of our formula:
acceleration = force divided by mass. The larger mass has smaller
acceleration.
for (int i = 0; i < movers.length; i++) {
PVector wind = new PVector(0.001,0);
float m = movers[i].mass;
//Scaling gravity by mass to be more accurate
PVector gravity = new PVector(0,0.1*m);
movers[i].applyForce(wind);
movers[i].applyForce(gravity);
movers[i].update();
movers[i].display();
movers[i].checkEdges();
}

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