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Corbel Design

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31 views31 pages

Corbel Design

Uploaded by

Ashraf Zayed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CONSOLIDATED CONSULTANTS

BRACKETS, CORBELS AND


BEAM LEDGES DESIGN
ACI CODE

:Prepared by
Mohammed Shaban

Dec. 2007 31
LIMITATIONS OF BRACKET AND CORBEL

The design procedure for brackets and corbels recognizes


the deep beam or simple truss action.

Four potential failure modes shall be prevented:

 Direct shear failure at the interface between bracket


or corbel and supporting member.

 Yielding of the tension tie due to moment and direct


tension.

 Crushing of the internal compression "strut".

 Localized bearing or shear failure under the loaded area.


Structural Action of Corbel
DESIGN PROVISIONS

The critical section for design of brackets and corbels is


taken at the face of the support. This section should be
designed to resist simultaneously a shear Vu, a moment Mu
and a horizontal tensile force Nuc. The value of Nuc must be
not less than 0.2Vu.

Corbel and bracket design is predominantly controlled by


shear, specifies that the strength reduction factor  shall be
taken equal to 0.75 for all design conditions.

For normal weight concrete, shear strength Vn is limited to


the smaller of 0.2fc'bwd and 800bwd.
For lightweight concrete, Vn is a function of fc' and a/d.

Vn is limited to the smaller of :

 a
Vn   800  280  b w d
 d
 a
Vn   0.2  0.07  fc ' b w d
 d

For brackets and corbels, the required reinforcement is :


Avf = area of shear-friction reinforcement to resist direct
shear Vu.

Vu
A vf 
fy 
Af = area of flexural reinforcement to resist moment
Mu = Vua+ Nuc (h-d).

Mu
Af 
 f y ( d  a / 2)

An = area of tensile reinforcement to resist direct tensile


force Nuc.

Nuc
An 
fy
Actual reinforcement is to be provided :

 As = primary tension reinforcement.


 Ah = shear reinforcement (closed stirrups or ties).

This reinforcement is provided such that total amount of


reinforcement (As + Ah) crossing the face of support is greater of

a) 2Avf /3 + An
b) Af + A n

If case (a) controls (i.e., 2Avf /3  Af ):

As = 2Avf /3 + An (primary tension reinforcement)

Ah = (0.5) (As - An) = Avf /3 (closed stirrups or ties)


If case (b) controls (i.e., Af  2Avf /3):

As = Af + An (primary tension reinforcement)

Ah = (0.5) (As - An) = Af /2 (closed stirrups or ties)

In both cases (a) and (b):


Ah = (0.5)(As – An) determines the amount of shear
reinforcement to be provided as closed stirrups parallel to
As and uniformly distributed within (2/3)d.

A minimum ratio of primary tension reinforcement


min = 0.04 fc'/fy is required to ensure ductile behavior after
cracking under moment and direct tensile.
Corbel Reinforcement
BEAM LEDGES

Design of beam ledges is somewhat similar to that of a


.bracket or corbel with respect to loading conditions
However, with beam ledges, two additional failure modes
shall be considered:

(5) separation between ledge and beam web near the top of
the ledge in the vicinity of the ledge load.

(6) punching shear.

The critical section for moment is taken at center of beam


stirrups, not at face of beam. Also, for beam ledges, the
internal moment arm should not be taken greater than 0.8h
for flexural strength.
Structural Action of Beam Ledge
Design to prevent local failure modes requires consideration
:of the following actions

1. Shear Vu
2. horizontal tensile force Nuc grater or equal to 0.2Vu, but
not grater than Vu
3. Moment Mu = Vuaf + Nuc (h-d)

 Shear Friction
Parameters affecting determination of the shear friction
reinforcement

Vu = 0.2fc' (W + 4a) d
Vu =  Avf fy
where
 = coefficient of friction ( 1.4 )
=1 (normal weight concrete)
  = 0.7-0.85 (lightweight concrete)
Shear Friction
 Flexure and Direct Tension

Conditions for flexure and direct tension

Vuaf + Nuc (h-d) = Affy (jd)

Nuc = Anfy

If (W + 5af)S, reinforcement should be placed over


distance S.

At ledge ends, reinforcement should be placed over


distance (2c), where c is distance from the center of the
end bearings to the end of the ledge, but not more than
1/2 (W + 5af).
Flexure and Direct Tension
 Punching Shear

Critical perimeter for punching shear

Vu  4 f 'c ( W  2L  2df ) df

Truncated pyramids from adjacent bearings should not


overlap. At ledge ends,

Vu  4 f 'c ( W  L  df ) df
Punching Shear
 Hanger Reinforcement
Hanger reinforcement should be proportioned to satisfy
strength is governed by
A v fy
Vu   S
s
Where:
Av = area of one leg of hanger reinforcement.
S = distance between ledge loads.
s = spacing of hanger reinforcement.

serviceability is governed by
Where V is the reaction due to service dead load and live load.
A v ( 0 .5 f y )
V  ( W  3a)
s
Hanger Reinforcement
 Development and Anchorage of Reinforcement

The distance between load and support face is usually


too short, so that special anchorage must be provided
at the outer ends of both primary reinforcement As and
shear reinforcement Ah.

The anchor bar must be located beyond the edge of


the loaded area.

Where a corbel or beam ledges is designed to resist


specific horizontal forces, the bearing plate should be
welded to As.
Bar Details for Beam Ledges
 Example : Corbel Design
Design a corbel with a minimum dimensions to support a beam as
shown below. The corbel is to project from 14-in. square column.
Restrained creep and shrinkage create a horizontal force of 20 kips
at the welded bearing.

fc' = 5000 psi (normal weight)


fy = 60,000 psi

Beam reaction :
DL = 24 kips
LL = 37.5 kips
 Calculations:
1. Size bearing plate based on bearing strength on concrete.
Width of bearing plate = 14 in.

Vu = 1.2 (24) + 1.6 (37.5) = 88.8 kips

Vu  Pnb =  (0.85 fc' A1)

 = 0.65

88.8 = 0.65 (0.85 x 5 x A1) = 2.763 A1


88.8
A1   32.14 in.2
2.763

32.14
Bearing length   2.30 in. Use 2.5in x 14 in bearing plate.
14
2. Determine shear span 'a' with 1 in. max clearance at beam end.
Beam reaction is assumed at third point of bearing plate to
simulate rotation of supported girder and triangular distribution of
stress under bearing pad.

a = 0.67 (2.5) + 1.0 = 2.67 in.

Use a = 3 in. maximum.

Detail cross bar just outside outer bearing edge.


3. Determine total depth of corbel based on limiting shear-transfer
strength Vn.

Vn is the least of Vn = 800bwd

or Vn = 0.2 fc’bwd = (0.2 x 5000)bwd = 1000bwd

Thus, Vn Vn =  (800bwd)


88,800
Required d   10.57 in.
0.75(800 x 14)
Assuming No. 8 bar, 3/8 in. steel plate, plus tolerance,

h = 10.57 + 1.0 = 11.57 in. Use h = 12 in.

For design, d = 12.0 – 1.0 = 11.0 in.

a
 0.27  1 O.K.
d

Also, Nuc = 1.60 x 20 = 32.0 kips (treat as live load)

Nuc < Vu = 88.8 kips O.K.


4. Determine shear-friction reinforcement Avf.
Vu 88.8
A vf    1.41 in.2
fy  0.75 (60 ) (1.4 x 1)

5. Determine direct tension reinforcement An.


Nuc 32.0
An    0.71 in.2
fy 0.75 x 60

6. Determine flexural reinforcement Af.

Mu = Vua + Nuc (h – d) = 88.8 (3) + 32 (12 -11) = 298.4 in.-kips


Find Af using conventional flexural design methods or
conservatively use jud = 0.9d.
298.4
Af   0.67 in. 2
0.75 (60) (0.9 x 11)

7. Determine primary tension reinforcement As.


2 2
A vf  (1.41)  0.94 in.2  A f  0.67 in.2
3 3
2
Therefore, A vf controls design
3
2
A s  A vf  A n  0.94  0.71  1.65 in.2
3
Use 2-No. 9 bars, As = 2.0 in.2

Check minimum reinforcement:


 f 'c 
min  0.04    0.04  5   0.0033
f   60 
 y 
As(min) = 0.0033 (14) (11) = 0.51 in.2 < As = 2.0 in.2 O.K.

8. Determine shear reinforcement Ah

Ah = 0.5 (As – An) = 0.5 (2.0 -0.71) = 0.65 in.2

Use 3-No. 3 stirrups, Ah = 0.66 in.2


Distribute stirrups in two-thirds of effective corbel depth
adjacent to As.
THANKS

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