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Cathode Ray Tube

The document discusses the history and properties of cathode ray tubes and experiments. It describes Michael Faraday's 1830 experiment that suggested electricity has a particulate nature. It then discusses how cathode ray tubes work and properties discovered through experiments by J.J. Thomson, including that cathode rays are negatively charged particles called electrons that are deflected by electric and magnetic fields based on their charge and mass.

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173 views5 pages

Cathode Ray Tube

The document discusses the history and properties of cathode ray tubes and experiments. It describes Michael Faraday's 1830 experiment that suggested electricity has a particulate nature. It then discusses how cathode ray tubes work and properties discovered through experiments by J.J. Thomson, including that cathode rays are negatively charged particles called electrons that are deflected by electric and magnetic fields based on their charge and mass.

Uploaded by

pchudasama2007
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Cathode ray

tube experiment
A step ahead for the discovery if the electron
CRT=Cathode
ray tube
Michael Faraday's
experiment
–In 1830, Michael Faraday showed that if electricity is passed through a
solution of an electrolyte, chemical reactions occurred at the electrodes.
– These results suggested the particulate nature of electricity.
– A cathode ray tube is made of glass containing two thin pieces of metal,
called electrodes, sealed in it.
– The electrical discharge through the gases could be observed only at
very low pressures and at very high voltages.
– When sufficiently high voltage is applied across the electrodes, current
starts flowing through a stream of particles moving in the tube from the
negative electrode (cathode) to the positive electrode (anode).
– These were called cathode rays or cathode ray particles.
– The flow of current from cathode to anode was further checked by
making a hole in the anode and coating the tube behind anode with
phosphorescent material zinc sulphide.
– When these rays, after passing through anode, strike the zinc sulphide
coating, a bright spot is developed on the coating
PROPERTIES OF CATHODE RAY
The cathode rays start from cathode and move towards the anode.
These rays themselves are not visible but their behaviour can be observed with the help of certain
kind of materials (fluorescent or phosphorescent) which glow when hit by them.
In the absence of electrical or magnetic field, these rays travel in straight lines.
In the presence of electrical or magnetic field, the behaviour of cathode rays are similar to that
expected from negatively charged particles, suggesting that the cathode rays consist of negatively
charged particles, called electrons.
The characteristics of cathode rays (electrons) do not depend upon the material of electrodes and the
nature of the gas present in the cathode ray tube. Thus, we can conclude that electrons are basic
constituent of all the atoms.
J.J THOMSON'S
EXPERIMENT
– (i) the magnitude of the negative charge on the particle,
greater the magnitude of the charge on the particle,
greater is the interaction with the electric or magnetic
field and thus greater is the deflection.
– (ii) the mass of the particle — lighter the particle, greater
the deflection
– (iii) the strength of the electrical or magnetic field — the
deflection of electrons from its original path increases
with the increase in the voltage across the electrodes, or
the strength of the magnetic field

This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-SA.

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