Psycology
unit 01
• Meaning and definition of psychology:- Science of soul or mind
• Meaning of psychology:- The word psychology was coined in 1590 AD by "Rudolph
Gieckle". Before this, psychology was studied along with philosophy and it was
considered a branch of philosophy. The word psychology is actually of Greek origin. The
word psychology is made up of two words "Psyche" and "Logos". Psyche means “soul”
and “Logos” means “explaining science”. In this way, the complete meaning of the word
psychology is – “science of the soul” or “science that explains the soul”. Therefore
psychology was considered the science of the soul.
• Plato and Aristotle wrote their philosophical essays before 427 and 347 AD. While
expressing thoughts, mind and thought were accepted as one. Aristotle T called
psychology the science of human soul, that is, in which the human soul is studied.
• But various questions arising in relation to the soul could not be answered such as -
What is the soul? What is its nature? What is its shape and colour? etc. questions. In
the beginning of the 16th century, a scientist named Descartes also called it the science
of the soul, but later psychologists Spinoza and John Locke expressed disagreement
with Descartes' views.
• At the end of the third century, various researches started in the field of psychology and
• its meaning kept changing.
• "Rudolph Giclee" wrote "Psychologia" of psychology in
1590. Wrote the first book named
• Psychology gradual development :-
• *
• Psychology is the science of the soul: - Based on the
etymology of the word, Psychology 210 is made up of the
Greek words "Psyche" and "Logus". Psyche means
"knowledge". Therefore, psychology has been first
explained as the science of the soul. Since the
interpretation of the soul is multifaceted and the study of
• It is beyond also. Therefore the scientific meaning of the soul started being
rejected.
• Psychology is the science of mind:- The main function of the brain is in the
human body. physical? Discipline is done by him. Therefore, some scholars
started calling psychology the "science of mind". Some thinkers refused to
accept the existence of mind and started believing in mental processes.
Along with this, human and animal other external behavior was not
considered. For these reasons This definition was rejected.
• *
• Psychology is the science of consciousness:- Then it is believed that
psychology is the science of consciousness. When the Shastris said that the
mental powers do not work separately, they work in an organized manner.
So scholars accepted it as the science of consciousness. “Sigmund Freud”
refuted the validity of this definition by dividing the mind into
consciousness, subconscious and unconscious etc.
• It is known that psychology is the science of behaviour:- Human actions,
conduct and methods etc. have been termed as behaviour. Therefore,
psychology is called the science of behavior. B. Watson called psychology the
positive science of behavior. Let T
• Branches of psychology :-
• *
• Normal Psychology:- The way normal people behave in normal
circumstances. It is studied in this branch. Mental processes like sensation,
perception, memory, imagination, thinking etc. are studied in it.
• *
• Social Psychology:- The way a person behaves when alone. In group :- He
does not behave in the same way. Society has its own unique behaviour. The
mind of the society is influenced by publicity and advertising. All these are
studied in this psychology.
• Adolescent Psychology:- In adolescent
psychology, behavioral changes, growth and
development of adolescents are studied.
• Educational Psychology:- Using the principles
of psychology in education.
• *
• Comes under psychology
