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Phy Lab 2

This document describes how to use a meter bridge to determine the specific resistance of a wire's material. It explains the setup of the meter bridge, how to take measurements to calculate the unknown resistance X, and then how to use X along with the wire's length and radius to calculate the specific resistance and compare it to the standard value.

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mostafiz.ai098
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30 views10 pages

Phy Lab 2

This document describes how to use a meter bridge to determine the specific resistance of a wire's material. It explains the setup of the meter bridge, how to take measurements to calculate the unknown resistance X, and then how to use X along with the wire's length and radius to calculate the specific resistance and compare it to the standard value.

Uploaded by

mostafiz.ai098
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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To determine the specific resistance of the material of a

wire by a Meter bridge.


OBJECTIVES
To find resistance of a given wire using a meter bridge and hence determine the
resistivity (specific resistance) of its material

OUTCOMES
 specific resistance
 What factors depend on it ?
 The principle of a Wheatstone bridge network
THEORY

Meter bridge apparatus is also called slide wire bridge, consists of:

 Long wire with uniform cross-sectional area.


 Fixed on a wooden block.
 Two gaps formed using thick metal strips for Wheatstone's bridge.

 In the setup (Fig.1), if:


X is the unknown resistance.
R is the known resistance.
I is the distance of null point from left end A of the meter bridge.

 By Wheatstone's bridge principle:


X/R = (100 - I)/I.
𝑿 𝒍
= ( 𝐌𝐞𝐭𝐞 𝐫 𝐛𝐫𝐢𝐝𝐠𝐞 𝐜𝐢𝐫𝐜𝐮𝐢𝐭 )
𝑹 𝟏𝟎𝟎 − 𝐥
Or X ………………………………. ( 1 )

When the resistances X and R are interchanged ,


we get

Or X ……………………………… ( 2 )
The mean of (1) and (2) will give the value of the
unknown resistance
Now if L be the length of the experimental wire , then

………………………….. ( 3 )

Where p is the specific resistance of the material of the given wire and r is the radius
of the cross-section of the wire. Therefore, p can be determined after measuring the
value of X, r and L.
APPARATUS
 A meter bridge.
 A Leclanche's cell.
 A galvanometer (G).
 A resistance box (R).
 A jockey, Commutator (K).
 Rheostat (Rh).
 A specimen wire (X).
 A screw gauge.
 A meter scale.
 Connecting wires etc.
PROCEDURE
 Adjust sliding contact until galvanometer reads
nearly zero.
 Note the position of the null point (D) for the
commutator plug.
 Repeat for reverse current direction; note new
position of D.
 Calculate X using recorded positions (relation 1).
 Swap positions of X and R; repeat null point
determination.
 Calculate X using new positions (relation 2).
CALCULATIONS
Calculations for X ,
X ………………………………. ( Left gap ) = 9.33

X ……………………………… ( Right gap )=10.59

Calculate mean X = = 10.48 ohm

Specific resistance of the material of the given wire ,

= ohm-cm

Standard value of the specific resistance of the material of the given wire , = ohm-cm

Percentage error = X 100 % =4.94 %


RESULT

The value of unknown resistance X = 10.48 ohm

2. The specific resistance of the material of the given wire = ohm-cm

3. Percentage error = 4.94 %


Thank you

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