SCIENCE 10
E A R L G E R A R D S . G U E VA R A
LET’S DO A REVIEW!
What is our lesson
yesterday?
LET’S DO A REVIEW!
Pass the container!
MOTIVATION
Before we proceed to our topic for
today, let us first have an activity.
ANATOMICAL EVIDENCE
Hint of Evolution through Comparative
Anatomy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of this lesson, the learners should be
able to:
a. Differentiate the analogous and homologous
structures.
b. Compare divergent and convergent evolution.
c. Reiterate the importance of anatomical
evidence to prove evolution.
WHAT IS ANATOMY?
Anatomy is the study of the bodily structure of
humans, animals, and other living organisms.
WHAT IS COMPARATIVE ANATOMY?
It is the comparison of the structure of one
animal or plant with the structure of a different
animal or plant.
2 TYPES OF STRUCTURES
HOMOLOGOUS ANALOGOUS
STRUCTURE STRUCTURE
This is a structure from Structures that are
different species which physically similar but
have similar internal have similar function.
framework, position, and
These may look
embryonic development.
similar from various
Has different function
species but it came
but came from the same
from different origin.
origin.
2 TYPES OF STRUCTURES
HOMOLOGOUS STRUCTURE
AM I HOMOLOGOUS OR AM I ANALOGOUS?
AM I HOMOLOGOUS OR AM I ANALOGOUS?
AHA! ANALOGOUS! HOMOLOGOUS
Direction: Write H if the structures give are homologous and
A if they are analogous.
WHALE FLIPPER
HUMAN ARM
AHA! ANALOGOUS! HOMOLOGOUS
Direction: Write H if the structures give are homologous and
A if they are analogous.
HUMAN ARM ALLIGATOR FORELIMB
AHA! ANALOGOUS! HOMOLOGOUS
Direction: Write H if the structures give are homologous and
A if they are analogous.
BAT WING BUTTERFLY WING
AHA! ANALOGOUS! HOMOLOGOUS
Direction: Write H if the structures give are homologous and
A if they are analogous.
BAT WING BUTTERFLY WING
AHA! ANALOGOUS! HOMOLOGOUS
Front limbs of man,
cat, horse, bat, whales,
and other mammals are
made up same kind of
bones, they just vary
only in size and
function differently.
DIVERGENT EVOLUTION
Divergent evolution is the splitting of ancestral
population into two or more sub-populations
that are geographically isolated from one
another.
The presence of homologous structures is a
strong indicator that the organisms evolved from
common ancestor.
DIVERGENT AND CONVERGENT EVOLUTION
DIVERGENT EVOLUTION
This image shows the comparative embryology wherein embryos of different species
show similarities due to likely having a common ancestor.
SO, WHO IS MY RELATIVE?
Directions: Study and compare the stages of embryonic development of the
different vertebrates.
STAGE 1
STAGE 2
STAGE 3
CONVERGENT EVOLUTION
Convergent evolution is
where analogous structures of
unrelated organisms from
different ancestors develop
similar function such as
butterfly wings and bird
wings.
DIVERGENT AND CONVERGENT EVOLUTION
LET’S MASTER THE LESSON!
Directions: Fill in the necessary information need in the table.
ORGANISM STRUCTURE TYPE OF
EVOLUTION
WHAT IS THE IMPORTANCE OF
IDENTIFYING THE ANATOMY OF
SPECIES AT PRESENT?
FILL IN THE BLANK
Direction: Fill in the blank the needed word to complete the paragraph.
Choose your answer from the words provided by the teacher.
_____ is another evidence that evolution happened overtime. _____ and
_____ are the two types of structures that can be referred to determine
if a group of organisms came from the same ____. On the other hand,
____ is type of evolution wherein the common ancestor splits into
different population which are geography isolated from one another.
Further, ____ explains that analogous structures of unrelated organisms
develop similar function as they live in the same environment. Studying
the anatomy if different ____ help the scientist understand how evolution
happened and predict how it will undergo in the future.
ASSESSMENT TIME!
Direction: Read the statements carefully. Then choose the correct
answer from the choices.
1. Homologous structure is described as...
a.Structures that perform different function among
organisms living in different environment but came
from the same ancestor.
b.Structures that have similar functions but came from
different origin.
c.Both a and b
d.None of the above.
ASSESSMENT TIME!
2. Analogous structure is described as…
a.Structures that perform different function among
organisms living in different environment but came
from the same ancestor.
b.Structures that have similar functions but came
from different origin.
c.Both a ad b
d.None of the above.
ASSESSMENT TIME!
3. Which among the following is an example of
divergent evolution?
a.Horse, Zebra, Donkey
b. Wings of bat, Wings of Butterfly, Wings of Mosquito
c.Fish, human, insect
d.None of the above.
ASSESSMENT TIME!
4. Which among the following is an example of
convergent evolution?
a.Horse, Zebra, Donkey
b. Wings of bat, Wings of Butterfly, Wings of Mosquito
c.Fish, human, insect
d.None of the above.
ASSESSMENT TIME!
5. The illustration below is an example of anatomical
evidence. At what stages do these embryos show
similarities?
a.Stage 1 only
b.Stage 2 only
c.Stage 1 and Stage 2
d.Stage 1 and Stage 3
THAT’S ALL!
I H O P E Y O U H AV E L E A R N E D O U R
L E S S O N F O R T O D A Y.
