COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN

BSR163
Lecture 3
Learning Outcome
At the end of the lecture, students should be able to
Demonstrate the use of CAD tools
Create 2D & 3D models
Unit Objective for Lecture 3
Planning for paper
Utilizing layer toolbars to create layers
Editing drawing
Draw and modify text
Draw and modify dimensions
Planning for paper
Planning for paper
Type LAYOUTWIZARD
Planning for paper
Give the new layout a name and click Next. In place of
the default name, Layout3, I recommend something more
descriptive — for example, D-Size Sheet. Or you can call it
A1-Size Sheet if you’re of the metric persuasion.
Choose a printer or plotter to use when plotting this
layout and click Next.
Choose a paper size, specify whether to use inches or
millimeters to represent paper units, and click Next.
Specify the orientation of the drawing on the paper
and click Next. The icon displaying the letter A on the
piece of paper shows you which orientation is which.
Planning for paper
On the Create Layout – Title Block page, select
None and click Next. I don’t recommend selecting one
of the two available title blocks, as the odds are slim that
either will fit on the paper size you selected in Step 4.
Define the arrangement of viewports that AutoCAD
should create and select the viewport scale for them
all from the drop-down list. Then click Next.
Click Select Location to specify the location of the
viewport(s) on the layout; then pick the viewport’s
corners.
Click Finish.
Planning for paper
Planning for paper
Planning for paper
Planning for paper
Editing drawing
Editing drawing
Editing drawing
How to MOVE?
How to COPY?
How to STRETCH?
Editing drawing
Editing drawing
Others?
Practice trial and error!
Layers
A layer is simply an organizational tool that lets
you organize the display of objects in your
drawing.
Every object must have a layer, and every layer
must have a color, a linetype, and a lineweight –
also called as object properties.
Layers
Layers give you many ways to organize your
drawing:
 You can assign different colors, linetypes, and lineweights to
layers.
 You can assign the various colors to different pens in a pen
plotter, resulting in a drawing with varying colors or line widths.
 You can control the visibility of layers. Making a layer invisible
lets you focus on just the objects that you need to draw or edit.
 You can control which objects are plotted.
 You can lock a layer so that objects on that layer cannot be edited.
Layers
Four states of layers:
On/Off: On layers (the default) are visible. Off layers are
invisible and are regenerated with the drawing.
Thawed/Frozen: Thawed layers (the default) are visible.
Frozen layers are invisible and are not regenerated with the
drawing. However, when you thaw a frozen layer, it requires a
regeneration.
Unlocked/Locked: Unlocked layers (the default) are visible
and editable. Locked layers are visible but cannot be edited.
Plottable/Not Plottable: Plottable layers are plotted. Not
plottable layers are not plotted. This setting affects only layers
that are on or thawed because off and frozen layers are not
plotted anyway.
Creating new layers
Creating new layers
Creating new layers
Saving layer states
1. Set all of the layer states and properties the way you want them. Usually, you have
already done this and should save the state before making changes that you plan to
reverse later on.
2. Choose Layer Properties Manager from the Layers toolbar to open the Layer
Properties Manager.
3. Click Save State to open the Save Layer States dialog box, shown

1. Open Layer Properties

Manager
2. Click State Manager, as
shown 
Restore layer states
Example
1. Open ab11-b.dwg
2. Save the file as ab11-02.dwg in your folder. This
drawing is shown. The current layer is 0. Make
sure OSNAP is on. Set running object snaps for
endpoint and quadrant.
3. Click the Layer Control drop-down list and
click Pipes to change the current layer to Pipes.
4. Start the LINE command. Draw a line from 1 to
2 in Figure using the Quadrant running object
snap.
5. Click the Layer Control drop-down list and
click Object to change the current layer to
Object.
6. Click the Layer Control drop-down list and
click the On/Off icon (the light bulb) of the Dim
layer. Click again at the top of the list to close it.
7. Start the CIRCLE command. Right-click and
choose 2p to use the two point option. Draw a
circle from the endpoint of 3 to 4 in Figure 11-13
using the Endpoint running object snap.
Example
8. Without changing the layer, start the CIRCLE
command and again use the 2p option. Draw a
circle between the endpoints at 5 and 6 in
Figure
9. The last circle was drawn on the wrong layer. To
change its layer, select the circle. Then click the
Layer Control drop-down list and choose Pipes.
Press Esc to remove the grips and see the result.
The circle is now on the Pipes layer. Notice that the
current layer is still Object in the Layer Control
display.
10. Pick any red object (the Pipes layer). Choose
Make Object’s Layer Current from the Layers
toolbar. The Pipes layer is now the current layer.
Draw a line from the right quadrant of the circle at
1 to the left quadrant of the circle at 5 and 6 in
Figure.
11. You want to draw a line on the Object layer.
Because that is the previous layer you used, click
Layer Previous on the Layers toolbar. The
Object layer is now the current layer. Draw a line
from the endpoint at 7 to the endpoint at 8.
Example
12. Pick any text to see what layer it is on. The Layer
Control drop-down box changes to show the Text
layer. Press Esc to deselect the text. Now choose
the words GAS EXTRACTION WELL PLAN at
the bottom of the drawing. Click the Layer Control
drop-down box and choose Text. Press Esc to
remove the grips.
13. Save your drawing.
Example
Layer exercise RECAP
How to change the current layer into other layer?
How to remove visibility of a certain layer?
How to change an object which is drawn in the wrong
layer into the correct layer?
Layer editing alternative
Using properties
dialog box.
Click on any object,
then right click, select
properties,
or
Click on any object,
click modify and click
properties
Text

1. Single Line
 when you want each line of text to be a separate object or when you
are creating a small amount of text. Single-line text has fewer
options than the multiline text

2. Multiline
 The main disadvantage is that single-line text does not use
word wrap, a feature that wraps text to the next line to keep a
neat right margin. Multiline text (also called paragraph text
and not to be confused with multilines) solves this problem
and also offers many more formatting options compared to
single-line text. The entire paragraph of multiline text is one
object.
Single Line Text
 Choose Draw➪Text➪Single Line
Text. This starts the DTEXT
command. DTEXT stands for
dynamic text: You can see the text on
the screen as you type it.

Current text style: “Standard” Text height:

0.2000
Specify start point of text or
[Justify/Style]: Pick a start point for the
text.
Specify height <0.2000>: Type a height, or
press Enter to accept the default.
Specify rotation angle of text <0>: Type a
rotation angle, or press Enter to accept the
default.
Enter text: Type one line of text. Press Enter
when you are finished.
Enter text: Press Enter to end the command.
Single Line Text
Justifying single-line text
By default  left-justified

Each insertion point is marked with a small x.

Single LineEachText
insertion point is marked with a small
x.
Single Line Text: Example
1. Open ab13-b.dwg
2. Save the file as ab13-02.dwg in
your folder. This is an air and
vacuum release valve, as shown.
3. Double-click the text 1/2"
PIPING. The Edit Text dialog
box opens. Highlight the text
1/2 and type 3/8. Click OK.
AutoCAD changes the text.
4. Choose Properties from the Standard toolbar. Click Quick Select in the
Properties palette. In the Quick Select dialog box, choose Text from the Object type
drop-down list. In the Operator drop-down list, choose Select All. Click OK.
AutoCAD selects all the text objects in the drawing.
5. Choose Layer. From the Layer drop-down list, choose TEXT. Choose Color. From the
Color drop-down list, choose ByLayer. All text is now on the TEXT layer using the
ByLayer color. Press Esc to remove the grips and see the result.
Single Line Text: Example
6. Select the text at the bottom of the
drawing that reads N.T.S. From the
grips you can tell that it has a middle
left justification. Choose
Modify➪Object➪ Text➪Justify (or
type justifytext ↵ on the command
line). At the prompt, type bc ↵.
AutoCAD ends the command. If you
want, select the text again to see that the
insertion point grip is now at the bottom
center of the text.
Single Line Text: Example
7. Choose Modify➪Object➪Text➪Scale (or type scaletext ↵ on the command
line). Follow the prompts:
•Select objects: Select the two lines of text at the bottom of the drawing.
•Select objects: ↵
•Enter a base point option for scaling
[Existing/Left/Center/Middle/Right/TL/TC/TR/ML/MC/MR/BL/BC/BR] <BC>: Type e to
use the existing base point.
•Specify new height or [Match object/Scale factor] <1/8">:
•Right-click and choose Scale factor.
•Specify scale factor or [Reference] <2">: Type 1.5 ↵.
•AutoCAD scales the text without moving it.
8. If you want, click the Properties palette’s Close button to close it. Save your
drawing.
Single Line Text: Example
Single line exercise RECAP

?
Multiline Text
 Choose Draw➪Text➪Multiline
Text. This starts the MTEXT
command. AutoCAD tells you the
current style and text height.
 Multiline Text Editor, which opens
after you have specified the
bounding box.
Multiline Text

Formatting
 Style
 Font
 Text Height
 Bold
 Italic
 Underline
 Undo
 Redo
 Stack/Unstack – using /, # and ^ symbols

Multiline Text
Importing text
Drag-and-drop in .txt or .rtf file
Copy and paste from clipboard
Copy and paste directly to Multiline Text
Editor
Find and replace
Edit➪Find
Spell check
Tools➪Spelling
Multiline Text
Text is a complex object type. Text greatly
increases drawing size and adds redraw and
regeneration time. The more complex fonts,
such as the TrueType fonts, can have a huge
impact on how long it takes to open and
save a file.
Solution – free the text layer. Freezing text layers can
help regeneration time dramatically—a good reason to give text
its own layer. Don’t forget to freeze dimension text, too.
Dimensions are usually placed on a separate layer
The elements of dimension

In Autocad, dimensions
are:
Block; if you pick a
dimension, all parts of
dimension are selected
Associative; if you
change the size of
object, dimension will
also be adjusted.
Preparing dimensions
Create layer of dimensions
Create a text style for your dimensions (tips: set the
height of the text to zero so you can edit later)
Choose Tools➪Drafting Settings, click the Object Snap
tab, and set the running object snaps you want.
Create a dimension style.
Save your dimension layer, dimension text style, and
dimension style in your drawing templates.
Dimension toolbar
Linear & Aligned
Ordinate
Radius & Diameter
Angular
Baseline
Continue
QLeader or Leader
Dimension Style Manager
Defining New Dimension Style
 Lines and Arrows: Sets specifications for dimension lines,
extension lines, arrowheads, and center marks.
 Text: Determines the appearance, placement, and alignment of
dimension text.
 Fit: Sets how text and arrows fit inside narrow dimensions, where
text is placed when it doesn’t fit in its default position, the scale factor
for dimension features, and whether to place a dimension line inside
narrow dimensions.
 Primary Units: Determines the format and precision for the
primary measuring unit for both linear and angular dimensions.
 Alternate Units: Determines the format and precision for
secondary units, if turned on (such as metric measurements if your
primary units are English, or vice versa).
 Tolerances: Formats tolerances.
Dimension exercise
Unit Objective for Lecture 3
Planning for paper
Utilizing layer toolbars to create layers
Editing drawing
Draw and modify text
Draw and modify dimensions