PRACTICAL GEOMETRY:

IN THIS CHAPTER WE WILL LEARN ABOUT HOW

TO CONSTRUCT QUADRILATERALS.

 When four sides and one diagonal are given.

 When two diagonals and three sides are given.
 When two adjacent sides and three angles are given
 When three sides and two included angles are given.
 When other special properties are known.
Let us take up these constructions one by one.
Example 1: construct a quadrilateral PQRS where PQ = 4cm, QR = 5cm, PS = 5.5cm and PR = 7cm.
Q 6c
m

cm
4
P R
Solution: First we will draw a rough sketch. 7 cm
FIG. 1

5.5
cm

cm
5
S

STEP 1: from the rough sketch, it is easy to see that triangle PQR can be constructed using SSS
construction condition. P

STEP 2. from P we will draw an arc of 5.5 cm 6c

m

4 cm
STEP 3. from R we will draw an arc of 5 cm.
Q R
STEP 4. S should lie on the both the arc drawn. So, S is 7 cm
the point of intersection of the two arcs. Mark S and 5.
5
Complete PQRS. PQRS is the required quadrilateral. cm

m
5c
S
WHEN TWO DIAGONALS AND THREE SIDES ARE GIVEN:
Example 2: Construct the quadrilateral LIFT in which LI = 4cm, IF = 3cm, TL = 2.5cm, LF = 4.5cm, IT = 4cm.
I
SOLUTION: first we will draw a rough figure
3c
m
m
4c
L 4.5cm F FIG. 2

4cm
2.
5c
m
T

STEP 1: draw a triangle LIF using SSS

I
STEP 2: with I as center draw an arc of radius 4cm.

3c
m
m
STEP 3: with L as center draw an arc of radius 2.5cm

4c

4c m
L F
STEP 4: since T lies on both the arc, T is the point of
Intersection of the two arcs. Mark T and complete 4.5cm

2. 5
LIFT. LIFT is the required quadrilateral.

cm
T
WHEN TWO ADJACENT SIDES AND THREE ANGLES ARE GIVEN:
Example 3: construct the quadrilateral MORE. In which MO = 6cm, OR = 4.5cm, M = 60°,
O = 105° and R = 105°.

SOLUTION: first we will draw a rough figure.

STEP 1: make angle MON as 105° at O.

STEP 2: make an arc on point R of 4.5cm by keeping the compass

on the point O.

STEP 3: make an arc on point M of 6cm by keeping the compass

On the point O.

STEP 4: make angle ORE of 105°.

STEP 5: make angle EMO of 60°.

STEP 6: then join the lines. MORE is the required

Quadrilateral.
WHEN THREE SIDES AND TWO INCLUDED ANGLES ARE GIVEN:
Example 4: construct the quadrilateral DEAR in which DE = 4cm, EA = 5cm, AR = 4.5cm, E =

SOLUTION: first we will make a rough figure. (fig. 3) R

D
STEP 1. construct a line segment AE of 5cm.

4 cm
STEP 2. from point A construct an angle of FIG.3

4.5cm
90 60

STEP 3. cut an arc of 4.5cm on line segment AR. A 5cm E

STEP 4. construct an angle of on point R and cut a an
Arc of 4cm on line segment RD, starting from R.
R D
STEP 5. join the remaining lines. DEAR is the required
quadrilateral.

4c
4.5cm

m
A 5 cm E
WHEN SOME SPECIAL PROPERTIES ARE KNOWN:
Example 5: Draw a square READ with RE = 5.1cm

SOLUTION: We know that square is a special quadrilateral with all its sides equal and all angles are of This
enables us to draw the figure using SAS condition.
R 4.5 cm E
STEP 1: Draw a rough figure as shown in figure 4.

STEP 2: construct a line segment DA of 4.5cm.

STEP 3. construct angle of on points D and A and cut the

Arc of 4.5 cm on both the line i.e. DR and AE.
D A
STEP 4. then join the line E and R. READ is the required
Square.

R 4.5cm E

D A
NAME: KANISHKA SHARMA
CLASS: VIII-B
ROLL NO.: 16
SUBJECT: MATH PPT OF CHAPTER
PRACTICAL GEOMETRY