DataBase

Management
Systems
 Key points

1 2 3 4

A
A database
database isis an
an organized
organized Data,
When
When the
the internet
internet became
became Data, DBMS,
DBMS, andand
collection
collection ofof data
data that
that can
can be be applications
globally
globally available,
available, the
the amount
amount applications associated
associated Every
Every website,
website, which
which
modified,
modified, retrieved,
retrieved, or
or with
of
of data
data created
created every
every day
day with them
them together
together form
form needs
needs us
us to
to sign
sign up,
up, uses
uses
updated. the
updated. the database
database is is aa big
big the
the database
database concept.
concept. The
The
exploded.
exploded. Storage
Storage container aa database.
database. There
There is
is no
container where
where data
data is
is stored
stored data,
data, stored
stored in
in the
the database,
database,
no
requirements
requirements went
went from internet
from in
in aa structured
structured format.
format. WeWe is
is in
in the
the row
row and
and column
column internet without
without
gigabytes
gigabytes to
to exabytes,
exabytes, and
and cannot databases.
cannot store
store semi-structured
semi-structured format,
format, which
which is
is called
called aa databases.
then
then cloud
cloud databases
databases emerged
emerged or
or unstructured
unstructured data
data in
in aa table.
table. 2
database.
database.
Key points
It is used for It has a backend
DBMS stands for storage system as
storing, fetching
the database well as a front-end
data, and running
management queries on data. user interface.
system

It is a software system A database management system is “DBMS” refers to the

an intermediate software between application programs and the
designed for managing database used. It offers a
and organizing the data the end-user and the database
connection point between the
in a planned manner that allows the manipulation and data and the software program
storage of data. 3
and enables database security.,
 It is used for defining the structure of a database and
how data should be organized and related to each
other. The relational model, hierarchical model,
Data
Data Model:
Model: network model, and object-oriented model are some
of the data models.

It is a pattern that defines the logical structure of the

Database
Database
database, including tables, fields, relationships, and
Schema:
Schema:
indexes.

Components Query
Query Language
(SQL):
(SQL):
Language
Structured query language is used for managing and
querying relational databases. It allows users to
create, insert, update, remove, and retrieve data.

It includes tasks like data storage, indexing, and data

Storage
Storage
compression. It is responsible for efficiently managing
Management:
Management:
the allocation and management of storage space.

DBMS’s security includes authentication,

Security
Security
authorization, encryption, and auditing
Features:
Features:
mechanisms. These features protect
the database from unauthorized access.
4
Types of DBMS
RDBMS Hierarchical Object
Object Oriented
Oriented Network
Network
RDBMS Hierarchical
• One of the most • In a database A database is a group of • The network model
frequently used data organized in a objects, or reusable expands on the
models is the hierarchical structure, software components, hierarchical model by
relational model. The the data is collected with related features and enabling many-to-many
data in this model is in a tree-like procedures. Various types relationships among
kept as a two- form. This model of object-oriented linked records, which
dimensional table. represents some of databases exist, including: implies multiple parent
The data storage the links in the actual Images and other media records. The model is built
takes the shape of world, such as recipes types that one cannot using sets of related
rows and columns for food, sitemaps for keep in a relational records on the basis of
websites, etc database are included in mathematical set theory.
multimedia databases.

5
 Common Applications are :
Sector Application
Universities Student information, courses, grades, etc.
Sales Customer information, sales, etc.
Finance Stock information, sales, bonds, etc.
Banking Customer information, account, activities, deposits, loans,
etc.
Manufacturing Production information, suppliers, inventories, etc.
Airlines Customer information, schedules, reservations, etc.
HR Management Employee information, payroll, deduction, paychecks, etc.
Telecommunication Call records, bills, usage, etc.
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 Relational Database Concepts
Tables and Rows: Tables are fundamental structures in a relational database,
representing entities or concepts. Rows, also known as tuples or records, contain
the actual data in the entries.
Primary Keys and Foreign Keys: Primary keys uniquely recognize each record in a
table, and the foreign key is used for establishing entities or concepts.
Relationships: It defines how entities or tables are linked to each other, either one-
to-one, one-to-many, or many-to-many.
Normalization and Denormalization: Normalization is the process of organizing
data in a database to reduce redundancy and increase data integrity.
Denormalization is the process of adding redundancy to improve query
performance.
 Applications of DBMS
DBMS is an essential tool used for retrieving, storing, and managing data.
Some common applications of DBMS in various fields are :
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Systems
Customer Relationships Management (CRM) Systems
Online Transaction Processing (OLTP) Systems
Data Warehouse and Business Intelligence (BI) Systems
Healthcare Information Systems
Educations Systems
Supply Chain Management Systems
Social Media Platforms