MARTIAL

ARTS GROUP
 .01

CONTEN
T LIST
TAEKWONDO

ARNIS
MUAY THAI
MIXED MARTIAL
ARTS
BOXING JUDO
FENCING FREESTYLE
WRESTLING
KARATE
TAEKWONDO
WHAT IS
TAEKWONDO
Taekwondo (also known as Tae
Kwon Do) is the art of self defense
that originated in Korea.This is a
martial art involving punching and
kicking techniques, with emphasis
on head-height kicks, spinning jump
kicks, and fast kicking.
• Taekwondo was developed during
the 1940s and 1950s by various
Korean martial artists as a blend of
the indigenous Korean fighting
styles of taekkyeon, gwonbeop, and
subak, with influence from foreign
martial arts, such as karate and
Chinese martial arts.
• Gen. Choi Hong Hi, widely
acknowledged as the founder of tae kwon
do, a martial art that began in Korea and
spread rapidly to community centers and
storefronts around the United States, died
on June 15 in Pyongyang, North Korea

• Korea Taekwondo Association (KTA) -

The oldest governing body for Taekwondo
• The main international organizational
bodies for Taekwondo today are the
International Taekwon-Do Federation
(ITF), founded by General Choi Hong Hi
in 1966, and the World TaeKwonDo
Federation (WTF), founded in 1973 by
the KTA. Philippine Taekwondo
Association (PTA) – recognized the
national governing body for taekwondo
in the Philippines.
• Sung Chon Hong- father and
Chief instructor of the
Philippine Taekwondo
Association. Sydney, 2000
Taekwondo made its debut as
an official Olympic sport in
2000.
 DIFFERENT STYLES OF
TAEKWONDO
Traditional TKD style International Taekwondo
• Refers to the style practiced Federation (ITF)
during the 1940s by the • ITF is more in line with the traditional
original nine kwans in Korea. style, it primarily focuses on self-
At the time, the term defense training. There is competition
if you want to test your skills, but it is
“Taekwondo” hadn’t been
not as important as in other styles.
used yet, and kwans used Students learn how to use all limbs as
various names with the most weapons in a fight and advanced self-
popular being Tang Soo Do: defense tactics.
 DIFFERENT STYLES OF
TAEKWONDO
American Taekwondo Kukkiwon
Association (ATA) World Taekwondo
• ATA was founded by Haeng Ung Lee, • In 1973, World Taekwondo Federation got
a former Taekwondo instructor in the established by the main governing body,
KTA. The main task of WTF was to promote
Korean military. In 1969, he migrated
the new academy named “Kukkiwon” and
to Omaha, Nebraska, where he their new unified style of Taekwondo. The
opened a couple of schools. The same name would later be changed to “World
year, he founded the “American Taekwondo, which is also known as “sports
Taekwondo Association.” Taekwondo.” This style is the only
recognized style by the Olympic Committee.
BASIC
THERE ARE THREE MAIN MOVES USED
IN FENCING:

SKILLS
THE FUNDAMENTAL
TAEKWONDO KICKS The (
Front
Chagi)
Kick (Ap

BEGINNERS ) • The first kick that a Taekwondo

student or jeja will learn is the front
kick or the ap-chagi. Also known as
the front snap kick or the flash kick,
this is the easiest Taekwondo kick.
The kick is performed by first raising
the kicking leg’s knee to waist level,
and then the foot snaps forward.
THE FUNDAMENTAL
TAEKWONDO KICKSThe Side Kick (Yeop Chagi)
The side kick or yeop chagi is another kick that
( BEGINNERS ) Taekwondo students have to learn early. To do the side
kick, the student must raise his knee, then rotate his
body by 90 degrees. He or she must then extend his leg
while exerting force at the same time.
•
• Side kicks are difficult to defend and are meant to
hit the opponent in the torso. However, it can also be
used to hit the opponent’s lower body parts, such as
the knees. When done properly, the side kick is quite
a powerful kick. It is also versatile, as it can be used
as an offensive or defensive move.
•
THE FUNDAMENTAL
TAEKWONDO KICKS The Roundhouse Kick (Dollyeo Chagi)

( BEGINNERS ) • This is probably the most popular Taekwondo

kick because of its predominance in action and
martial arts movies. Fans definitely loved it
when Chuck Norris or Bruce Lee delivered this
powerhouse move. The roundhouse kick usually
targets the abdomen or chest of the opponent.
The impact point can be the ball or instep of the
foot. The practitioner should be careful when
hitting with the ball of his foot. Like with the
front kick, he must pull his toes back to avoid
injury.
THE FUNDAMENTAL
TAEKWONDO KICKSThe Axe Kick (Naeryeo Chagi)
The axe kick is popular in competitive Taekwondo.
( BEGINNERS ) The name got itself from its form, which resembles
that of a man swinging an axe. The axe kick is
performed by first raising the leg up towards the target.
Once the leg is up high, the practitioner brings it down
while exerting force. While doing so, he should keep
the heel pointing downwards.
•
• The axe kick, also known as the hammer kick or
stretch kick, can target the opponent’s head,
collarbone, and shoulders. In addition, it can be
used as a knockout blow in competitions.
•
EQUIPMENT IN
TAEKWONDO
TAEKWONDO
UNIFORM
The essential equipment for a
Taekwondo student is the uniform or
dobok .It is usually a two-piece
white uniform with a belt tied around
the waist
 .10

TAEKWONDO BELTS
BLACK BELTS
(PTA) BLUE BELTS
(1st to 9th dan black belt) (6th grade and 5th grade
blue) Taeguk 3 and 4

BROWN BELTS YELLOW BELTS

(2nd grade and 1st grade (8th grade and 7th grade
brown) Taeguk 7 and 8 yellow) Taeguk 1 and 2

RED BELTS WHITE BELTS

(4th grade and 3rd grade foundation form No. 1
red) Taeguk 5 and 6 and 2
EQUIPMENT IN
TAEKWONDO
HEADGEA
R
Headgear is extremely important
layer of protection for sparring
sessions. a headgear protects the
sensitive areas of your body from
fatal blows. It keeps your brain from
severe traumas in all kinds of martial
arts.
EQUIPMENT IN
TAEKWONDO
MOUTHGU
ARD
Prevent practitioners from biting
their tongue or losing teeth.
EQUIPMENT IN
TAEKWONDO
CHEST
PROTECTOR
To prevent injury inthe ribs, abs,
and kidneys from powerful strikes.
EQUIPMENT IN
TAEKWONDO
FIREARM
GUARDS
In taekwondo, fighters use their
forearms to guard against punches
and kicks. A well-fitted forearm
guard reduces the impact of these
strikes.
EQUIPMENT IN
TAEKWONDO
GROIN PADS
AND
These CUP are highly
recommended although
i t ’s f o r b i d d e n t o h i t t h e
area on purpose in
taekwondo.
EQUIPMENT IN
TAEKWONDO
SHIN GUARDS
Shin guards are pieces
of protective gear for
your shins
EQUIPMENT IN
TAEKWONDO
FOOT PADS
It serves to protect your
foot, and there are
d i ff e r e n t types,
depending on the use
EQUIPMENT IN
TAEKWONDO
GLOVES
Sparring gloves serve
to protect your hands
 TAEKWONDO
TRAINING EQUIPMENT
TAEKWONDO
SHOES
An excellent and supportive pair
of Taekwondo shoes protect your
joints and feet during workouts.
 TAEKWONDO
TRAINING EQUIPMENT
TAEKWONDO
KICKING PADDLES
Taekwondo paddles will boost the
accuracy and power of your head
kicks in the sparring. In Korean
martial arts, your feet must touch to
score a point, so this is a critical piece
of sparring equipment and training
gear
 TAEKWONDO
TRAINING EQUIPMENT
TAEKWONDO
KICKING SHIELDS
The primary purpose of Taekwondo
kicking shields is counters – spinning
back kicks, a side kick to the body, or a
push kick with your lead leg. When
purchasing, look for thick foam and
maximum shock absorption for
enhanced protection.
 TAEKWONDO
TRAINING EQUIPMENT
HEAVY BAG
The heavy bag is an actual test of
strength and technique for any warrior.
It’s where raw power meets precision
and skill. It’s where you hone your
strikes, improve your power, and
sharpen your technique. It’s where you
unleash the beast within and push
yourself to the limit.
 TAEKWONDO
TRAINING EQUIPMENT
MATTS
No one wants to slip and fall on
a hard floor. This makes a
training mat necessary. They also
offer stability, making falls less
likely
THE BASIC
RULESFOOT AND
FIST
The rules of taekwondo as outlined
by World Taekwondo require a
standing bow to the referee, followed
by a bow to the opponent, before
matches.
PENALTIES AND
PROHIBITED ACTS
THE ONLY PENALTY IN
A gam-jeom is declared when an athlete punches to the face, or punches or kicks below the
TAEKWONDO
waist. IS A GAM-JEOM.
•
• Also not allowed is attacking an opponent with the knee or the head.
•
• Athletes are penalised if they use their leg to block or kick their opponent's leg to prevent a
kicking attack, have their leg in the air for more than three seconds to impede an opponent’s
potential attacking movements, or if a kick is adjudged to have been aiming for below the
waist.
•
• Taekwondo in lose points for crossing the boundary line with both feet, falling to the
SCORING
Scoring of a valid point or points is determined primarily using the electronic
scoring system installed in the head or trunk protectors, known as the
Protector and Scoring Systems (PSS).

THE VALID POINTS ARE:

• One point for a valid punch to the trunk protector

• Two Points for a valid kick to the trunk protector

• Four points for a valid turning kick to the trunk protector

• Three points for a valid kick to the head

M
E
N
w
o
m
e
n
ARNIS
 .02

WHAT IS
ARNIS
Arnis, also known as Eskrima or
Kali, is a traditional Filipino martial
art that focuses on weapon-based
fighting techniques. It originated in
the Philippines and is characterized
by its use of sticks, bladed weapons,
and improvised weapons for self-
defense and combat.
• Arnis, also known as Eskrima or Kali,
is a Filipino martial art that has a rich
and diverse history. It is primarily a
weapons-based martial art, although it
also includes empty-hand techniques.
The origins of Arnis can be traced
back hundreds of years to the pre-
colonial era in the Philippines.
BASIC
THE 12 BASIC STRIKING TECHNIQUES
OF ARNIS

SKILLS
EQUIPMENT IN ARNIS
RATTAN STICK
The most common weapon
used in Arnis in training is a
rattan stick, typically around
28 inches in length. It is
lightweight, flexible, and
durable, making it ideal for
sparring and drills
EQUIPMENT IN ARNIS
ENDGE WEAPONS
Knife, dagger, spear, etc.
are edged weapons that
have been used throughout
the history for combat,
hunting and ceremonies.
EQUIPMENT IN ARNIS
PADDED STICK
Padded Stick is an ideal
weapon used for safe
sparring. The stick is made
with foam padding and high-
grade vinyl cover.
EQUIPMENT IN ARNIS
HEAD GEAR
With a face shield or mask is
often worn to protect the
head and face during
sparring and drills. It helps
prevent injuries from strikes
or accidental contact
EQUIPMENT IN ARNIS
BODY ARMOR
In some training scenarios,
body armor may be worn to
provide additional
protection to the torso and
vital organs during intense
sparring sessions.
EQUIPMENT IN ARNIS
HAND GLOVES
Or handguards are used to
protect the hands during
weapon sparring or when
practicing techniques.
EQUIPMENT IN ARNIS
LEG GUARDS
Leg guard can be used to
protect both thing and the
shin area and are not only
desiged for protection but
also for comfort and
practicality
EQUIPMENT IN ARNIS
GROIN
Groin is a special padding
for the lower abdomen. It
has a groin cup to provide
complete protection to the
groid area
EQUIPMENT IN ARNIS
MATS
Training mats or padded
flooring are commonly
used to ensure safety
during sparring or
groundwork practice
REULES AND
REGULATION
1. Safety 5. Sparring and Competition
6. Rank and Progression
2. Respect
7. Weapons Control
3. Etiquette 8. Legal and
4. Techniques and Strikes Ethical Considerations
FENCING
 WHAT IS
• FENCING
is a dynamic, fast-paced
sport that requires a
mixture of power, speed,
accuracy and intelligence
in order to win
• Evidence of sword fights goes back as far as
Ancient Egypt in 1190 BC with bouts and
duels continuing until the 18th century.
Fencing was originally a form of military
training and started to evolve into a sport in
the 14th or 15th century in both Germany and
Italy.
• Fencing was on the programme of the Games
of the I Olympiad in Athens in 1896, and has
been on the programme ever since.
BASIC
THERE ARE THREE MAIN MOVES USED
IN FENCING:

SKILLS
 .02

LUNGE
the basic attacking move.
The sword arm is extended
fully, while the back leg
remains stationary as the
front leg moves forward.
 .02

PARRY
a defensive action where the
fencer blocks the opponent’s
lunge. When parrying, only
the blade should move,
while the arm should be
kept as straight as possible.
 .02

PARRY
 .02

RIPOST
E
a counterattack by the
fencer who has blocked
the opponent with a
parry.
 RULES AND
REGULATION
The rules are divided into four basic categories. IN
FENCING
• The strip rules dealing with the positions of the fencers.
• The rules of right-of-way, which determine priority if both fencers
make a touch during the same action.
• The penalty rules where touches may be awarded to an opponent if a
fencer commits a fault. More severe sanctions may be awarded for
serious offenses.
• The organizational rules which regulate the manner of conducting a
competition
EQUIPMENT IN
FENCINGTHE
MASK
The fencing mask can support 12 kg
on the metal mesh. which is made of
ballistic materials or Kevlar, is
included in the mask to protect the
neck area.
EQUIPMENT IN
FENCING THE
JACKET
A fencing jacket is a protective piece
of outer clothing worn by all fencers.
EQUIPMENT IN
FENCING
THE
PLASTRO
is an underarm protector worn
fencers to provide additional
by

protection N
while fencing.
EQUIPMENT IN
FENCING
THE
GLOVES
safeguards the weapon hand, reduces
the impact of an opponent's attacks,
and also provides a good grip
EQUIPMENT IN
FENCING
THE
BREECHE
short trousers that ends just
the knee. They are required to
below

S of the fencing jackets

overlap 10cm
and are equipped with braces.
EQUIPMENT IN
FENCING
SHOE AND
SOCK
to avoid problems during lunging
EQUIPMENT IN
FENCING
BREAST
a PROTECTOR
plastic or metal plate worn
underneath the jacket and plastron
for additional chest and breast
protection when fencing.
EQUIPMENT IN
FENCING
BODY CORD
serves as the connection between a
fencer and a reel of wire that is part
of a system for electrically detecting
that the weapon has touched the
opponent
FENCING
PISTE
WEAPON IN FENCING
THE FOIL
• the lightest and the most flexible of
fencing weapon
• The foil has a flexible rectangular
cross section with a blunted tip
• The target area is the torso, including
the arm
WEAPON IN FENCING
THE SABER
• saber is stiffer, havier and shorter
than foil.
• the blade has a v shaped cross section
and curved bell guard protecting the
hand.
• hits by the entire blade to the whole
upper body are counted including
hand.
WEAPON IN FENCING
THE EPEE
• the heaviest and stiffest of fencing
weapon
• the blade has a rectangular cross
section and spring button at the tip
• hits the entire body count
FENCING PENALTY
CARD • YELLOW CARD is warned but no action is
taken
• FIRST SANCTION.
• RED CARD If a fencer is awarded with a red
card, then one point is awarded to the opponent
• SECOND AND THIRD SANCTION
• BLACK CARD In case of black card, a player
gets expelled from the tournament or suspended
from future games in case of serious offences.
• FOURTH SANCTION
KARATE
 WHAT IS
KARATE
• The meaning of the word karate?"empty
hand
• The word karate is a combination of two
kanji (Chinese characters): kara,
meaning empty, and te, meaning hand;
thus, karate means "empty hand."
Adding the suffix "-dō" (pronounced
"daw"), meaning "the way/path," karate-
dō, implies karate as a total way of life
that goes well beyond the self-defense
applications.
• Karate history can be traced back
some 1400 years, to Daruma,
founder of Zen Buddhism in Western
India . Daruma is said to have
introduced Buddhism into China ,
incorporating spiritual and physical
teaching methods that were so
demanding that many of his disciples
would drop in exhaustion.
BASIC
THE BUILDING BLOCKS OF KARATE: 8
BASIC KARATE MOVES FOR BEGINNERS

SKILLS
• The Straight Punch: Choku Zuki.
• The Front Lunch Punch: Oi Zuki.
• The Front Kick: Mae Geri.
• The Side Kick: Yoko Geri.
• The Roundhouse Kick: Mawashi Geri.
• Upper Rising Block: Age Uke.
• Middle Block: Soto Uke/Uchi Uke.
• Downward Block: Gedan Barai.
EQUIPMENT IN KARA
UNIFORM
A karate uniform, also
known as a gi, is a
traditional clothing worn by
practitioners of karate. It is
typically made of cotton or
polyester fabric
EQUIPMENT IN KARA
KARATE HEAD GEAR
Karate Head Gear-A head
guard is a protective gear
worn on the head to provide
cushioning and prevent
injuries during physical
activities or contact sports.
EQUIPMENT IN KARA
KARATE CHEST
PROTECTORS
A chest guard, also known
as a chest protector, is a
piece of protective
equipment used in various
sports and activities to
protect the chest area from
injury.
EQUIPMENT IN KARA
KARATE HAND GUARD
Hand guards, also known as
hand protectors or hand
wraps, are protective gear
worn on the hands to provide
support and protection during
various physical activities and
sports.
EQUIPMENT IN KARA
JOCKSTRAP
Jockstrap is types of protective
athletic underwear designed to
support and protect the male
genitalia during physical
activities and sports. It consists
of a waistband and a fabric
pouch that holds a protective cup
or "jock" to shield the groin area
EQUIPMENT IN KARA
BAG
Karate Bag-A karate bag is a
specialized bag used by
karate practitioners to carry
and transport their
equipment.
REULES AND
REGULATION
A player can score by hitting in the following areas of the
opponent's head, face, neck, chest, abdomen, side and back.
The fight stops and judges signals if they agree on the point
or not, then the match restarts again.
REULES AND
What are you not allowed to do in karate?
REGULATION
Striking to the spine or the back of the head. Kicking, stepping on,
stomping, jumping on or throwing oneself on a grounded opponent.
Groin attacks of any kind. Grabbing or holding any part of your
opponent's body (including head) and striking.
MUAY THAI
WHAT IS MUAY
THAI
Muay Thai, which translates to “Thai
Boxing”, is the national sport of
Thailand. It is a martial art with roots
originating from military use dating
back to around the 13th century
during the time of the Sukhothai
Kingdom.
• The history of Muay
Thai can be traced
historically to the
Sukhothai dynasty of
Thailand around the
13th century.
BASIC
THERE ARE 9 BASIC PUNCHES YOU
WILL FIND IN MUAY THAI:

SKILLS
JAB
This punch is used in
both the offensive and
defensive position. This
is one you definitely
want to master.
BODY
KICK
This is one of the
most powerful kicks
that can be used
against your
opponent.
STRAIGHT
KNEE
This is the most basic, but
extremely important to get
the technique down or you
will put yourself in a
compromising position
against your opponent.
BACKWARDS
ELBOW
This one will come from
behind and you are aiming
for your opponent’s chin. If
you can get this one down,
you can cause devastating
blows.
BLOCKING
To block your
opponent you will put
either your arm or leg
in front of your
opponent’s attack on
you.
EQUIPMENT IN MUAY
THAI GLOVES
Gloves in muay thai is very
important because they
protect your hands and your
sparring partner.
EQUIPMENT IN MUAY
THAI SHORT
Muay Thai shorts are made
with enough room in the
thigh and groin area so you
can get your kicks off.
EQUIPMENT IN MUAY
THAI MOUTHGUARD
Mouthguards-help protect
your teeth. There are many
types of mouthpieces, and
for an amateur, the best one
to get is the boil-and-bite
kind.
EQUIPMENT IN MUAY
THAI SHIN GUARD
Shin guards - add a thick
layer of protection to the top
of your foot, shin, and
instep. Sizes may vary, so it
is best to try them on before
buying
EQUIPMENT IN MUAY
THAI HAND WRAP
Hand wraps- is made up of
27 tiny bones, and hand
wraps will protect them –
and the soft tissue
surrounding them – from
injury
EQUIPMENT IN MUAY
THAI ANKLE WRAP
Ankle wraps - help support
your ankles. They are not
necessarily the first thing
you would add to your gym
bag, but if you want extra
support for your ankles, grab
a pair.
EQUIPMENT IN MUAY
THAI TOWEL
Towel- No one wants to
get splashed with sweat
during pad work or
sparring.
REULES AND
Like all sports, Muay Thai competitions are governed by a strict set of

REGULATION
rules and regulations. They are put in place and appropriated by
officials and the referee to ensure the safety of the fighters as well as the
fairness of the competition without any bias.

1. Attire: Fighters typically wear shorts, a groin protector, a mouthguard, and hand
wraps. Some organizations may require additional protective gear, such as shin guards
or elbow pads
2. Weight Classes: Competitors are usually divided into weight classes to ensure fair
matchups.
REULES AND
3. Rounds: Fights are typically divided into rounds, usually lasting three minutes each.
REGULATION
The number of rounds can vary depending on the level of the competition, with
professional fights typically consisting of five rounds.

4. Scoring: Muay Thai bouts are scored based on techniques, effective striking, and
overall ring control. Judges assess fighters based on their aggression, defense, and
technique. Effective strikes, such as punches, kicks, knees, and elbows, are awarded
points.

5. Prohibited Techniques: Certain techniques are not allowed in Muay Thai, including
strikes to the groin, throat, or back of the head. Eye-gouging, biting, and striking with
the elbows' point are also illegal. Additionally, fighters are not permitted to throw their
opponents to the ground.
REULES AND
6. Clinching: Clinching, which involves close-range grappling, is a significant aspect of
REGULATION
Muay Thai. However, clinching is typically limited in duration to prevent excessive
stalling. Fighters are expected to engage actively while clinched and attempt to execute
strikes, throws, or sweeps.

7. Referee Intervention: The referee has the authority to stop the fight if a fighter is unable
to defend themselves or is sustaining excessive damage. They can also intervene if a
fighter repeatedly breaks the rules or shows unsportsmanlike conduct.

8. Ring Etiquette: Fighters are expected to show respect and sportsmanship throughout the
match. This includes performing a ceremonial Wai Khru Ram Muay dance before the fight,
touching gloves at the beginning of each round, and adhering to the referee's instructions.
THE
REFEREES
The referees and judges must wear blue or black trousers, and
light green shirt with black bow tie with official WBC logo on left
hand side pocket, and wear light weight boots. They shall not
wear eyeglasses or metal ornaments. Their fingernails must be
closely and neatly cut
MIXED MARTIAL
ARTS
 .02

WHAT IS
MMA
Mixed martial arts (MMA), also
known as cage fighting, is a modern
combat sport whose main characteristic
is the combined usage of several
martial arts by the fighters. So, while
MMA is an individual combat sport,
the fighters actually utilize multiple
martial arts and/or combat sports in
MMA fights.
• MMA is, today, a global phenomenon with a very
large fanbase, but it wasn’t always like that. Not
only has MMA’s popularity increased in recent
years, but the sport is also self is relatively new; the
term “mixed martial arts” was first used in 1993 by
television critic Howard Rosenberg, who coined it
in his review of the UFC 1 event, the first UFC
event in history.

• First Mixed Martial Art

• Mixed martial arts originated as mixed combat

sports in Ancient China and Ancient Greece.
• The Chinese combat sport of Leitai is one of
the first mixed combat sports and utilized
elements of different kung fu styles, boxing,
and wrestling

• In Ancient Greece, such an example can be

found in the art of pankration, a very specific
martial art that combined boxing (which was
very popular in Ancient Greece) and wrestling
(which probably originated in Mesopotamia or
Ancient Egypt).
• Whos Is the Father of MMA?

• A large contribution to the development

of modern MMA was made during the
late 60s and early 70s, when legendary
martial artist Bruce Lee developed his
system known as Jeet Kune Do.

• Modern History of Mixed Martial Arts.

• Despite a large number of historical influences,
modern MMA is considered to stem from
Brazilian jiujitsu and vale tudo; the latter is yet
another full-contact hybrid combat sport that
originated in Brazil. Vale tudo events date back
from the 1920s.

• MMA events continued to develop as decades

passed until 1993, when the first official global
MMA event – the UFC 1 – was held in Denver,
Colorado. This is the official “birth year” of
MMA and one of the most important events in
the evolution of mixed and hybrid combat sports.
BASIC
REULES OF MIXED
MARTIAL
• Matches shall consistARTS
of three rounds, each of which should last no more
than five minutes.
• Fights shall take place in a ring or cage that measures between 20 square
feet and 32 square feet.
• To ensure a fair fight, competitors may only fight those fighters that are
in the same weight category.
• When the contest begins, fighters should use legal strikes grappling and
throwing techniques in an attempt to defeat their opponent.
SCORING
• In mixed martial arts matches, scoring is done in the same way as many other
combat sports such as boxing. Three judges sit around the ring and score each
round, giving the winner of the round in their judgement 10 points and the
loser 9 points. In rounds where there is a clear winner, the loser may only
receive 8 points.

• If the match lasts the whole duration then the judges scorecards are added up
and the winner announced. If the judges scorecards indicate that both scores
are equal, then the match is declared a draw.
• The cage is always filled with three men, the third man being the referee. Believe it or
not, the third man in the cage is just as important, if not more, than the combatants.
• Many times, refs take a lot of heat for not stopping a fight quickly enough or stopping
a fight too soon. These men have a split second to make a decision, making their jobs
incredibly difficult.
EQUIPMENT IN MIXED
MARTIAL ARTS
GLOVES
MMA gloves are one of the most
important items of training equipment
for Mixed Martial Arts. The gloves are
what protect both your hands from
getting damaged and your opponent or
sparring partner from getting injured, so
it’s important to get these right.
EQUIPMENT IN MIXED
MARTIAL ARTS
GLOVES
• Unlike Boxers, MMA fighters use a small
light weight glove which offers a little less
protection, but allows you to use the hands
for grappling as well. The open palm and
fingerless make means that the right areas
are protected without them feeling too
bulky. While they may not look like much,
the amount of protection compared to a
bare fist is a big difference.
EQUIPMENT IN MIXED
MARTIAL ARTS
SHORT
When it comes to combat sports, there are
more types of short than ever before.
We’ve written a bit of a guide on choosing
the right shorts which should help you
work out what to use. In general, the MMA
world is a little more flexible than other
sports in terms of what you can wear, so
you can really focus on performance, and
make sure you’re wearing whatever suits
you best.
EQUIPMENT IN MIXED
MARTIAL ARTS
SHIN GUARD
When it comes to sparring, you’ll
need a solid pair of shin guards.
The type of shin guards you’ll need
will depend a lot on how you train
though.
EQUIPMENT IN MIXED
MARTIAL ARTS
MOUTH GUARD
The body is good at healing itself when
injured, but one of the things that can’t
heal are teeth, which is why it’s extra
important to protect them. Mouth guards
are made for this purpose, absorbing the
shock and protecting the teeth from
impacts. That said, don’t be fooled into
thinking mouth guards would stop you
getting knocked out
EQUIPMENT IN MIXED
MARTIAL ARTS
GROID GUARD
This one is mainly for the guys, but there are
options for women out there too. The groin is
one of the most sensitive parts of the body, and
is at high risk of damage when hit by a hard
impact. That’s on top of the fact that a strong
groin strike can render the toughest of men
useless. In MMA, there is always the
possibility of a kick accidentally hitting the
wrong area, so it’s more important than ever to
keep everything protected.
EQUIPMENT IN MIXED
MARTIAL ARTS
HAND WRAP
When using boxing gloves (and if
possible, MMA gloves too), hand wraps
should be used. When starting out, many
people don’t quite understand that glove
padding alone isn’t actually all that
protective. Every punch you throw creates
sudden pressure on the 27 small bones that
form the hand. All it takes is one bad
punch and you can easily break something.
JUDO
 .02

WHAT IS
JUDO
judo, Japanese jūdō, system of
unarmed combat, now primarily a
sport. The rules of the sport of judo are
complex. The objective is to cleanly
throw, to pin, or to master the
opponent, the latter being done by
applying pressure to arm joints or to
the neck to cause the opponent to yield.
• Judo is a martial art that was born in Japan, and it is
now known around the world as an Olympic sport.
Judo was created in 1882 by combining jujutsu, a
form of close combat, with elements of mental
discipline

• Men’s judo competitions were first included at the

Olympic Games in Tokyo in 1964 and were held
regularly from 1972. World judo championships for
women began in 1980, and women’s Olympic
competition began in 1992. Japan, Korea, France,
Germany, and Great Britain have consistently fielded
the strongest teams in the Olympics, as did the Soviet
Union during its existence.
JUDO DEVELOPED IN THE AGE OF THE SA
From the Kamakura period (1185–1333) until the Edo
period (1603–1867), Japan was ruled by the samurai, a
class of professional warriors. This was a fortuitous
reality for the judo of today. In addition to fighting
with swords and bows and arrows, the samurai
developed jujutsu to fight enemies at close quarters on
the battlefield (kumi-uchi). Several different styles of
jujutsu evolved by the start of the Edo period, and
hand-to-hand combat spread as an important form of
military training.
KANO JIGORO — THE FOUNDER OF JUDO
The era of samurai rule came to an end with the
Meiji Restoration of 1868, when Japan
modernized from the Edo period to the Meiji
period (1868–1912) and Western culture began
working its way into Japanese society. Jujutsu
fell into decline, but the enthusiasm of one
young man rescued it from extinction. That man
was Kano Jigoro, the founder of judo as we
know it today.
 JUDOKA (PRACTITIONER)
A judo practitioner is referred to as a judoka or “judo player,”
while in the past, only those with a 4th Dan or higher were
referred to as “judoka.”
•
• When used with a word, the (suffix -ka) means a person that
shows skill or in-depth understanding in that field.
•
• (Benkyo-ka) for example, is Japanese for “scholar”.
•
• The term “trainees” or (kenkyu-sei) was used to describe
those practitioners with lower ranks than 4th dan.
•
• Today, however, the term “judoka” is used to refer to any
judo practitioner without any implication of a certain degree
JUDOKA (PRACTITIONER)
A judo teacher is called sensei. The
word sensei comes from sen or saki
(before) and sei (life) – i.e. one who has
preceded you. In Western dojos it is
common to call any instructor of dan
grade sensei. Traditionally, that title was
reserved for instructors of 4th dan and
above.
BASIC
THE FIVE BASIC SKILLS THROWING IN
JUDO:

SKILLS
• The stance.
• The grip.
• Movement.
• Falling.
• Throwing.
EQUIPMENT IN
JUDO UNIFORM
The judo uniform, known as a judogi,
consists of a jacket (uwagi), pants
(zubon), and a belt (obi). The gi is
typically made of heavy-duty cotton
fabric and is designed to withstand
the rigors of training and
competition.
EQUIPMENT IN
JUDO PROTECTIVE GEAR
Some judo practitioners may
choose to wear additional
protective gear such as ear guards,
groin protectors, or chest
protectors. These items can help
prevent injuries during intense
training sessions or competitions.
EQUIPMENT IN
JUDO BELTS
The belt is used to secure the
jacket and pants of the judogi. It
signifies the wearer's rank or
grade within the judo system.
Different colors represent
different levels of proficiency,
ranging from white for
beginners to black for advanced
practitioners.
EQUIPMENT IN
JUDO MOUTH GUARD
Although not always mandatory,
wearing a mouthguard is highly
recommended during judo practice
and competitions. It provides
protection to the teeth and mouth
area in case of accidental
collisions or falls.
EQUIPMENT IN
JUDO KNEE PADS
Some judo practitioners prefer to
wear knee pads to provide
additional cushioning and support
for their knees during throws and
groundwork. Knee pads can help
prevent injuries and reduce strain
on the joints.
EQUIPMENT IN
JUDO MAT ( TAMIMI)
Judo is practiced on a specific type
of mat called tatami. These mats
provide cushioning, traction, and a
safe surface for throwing and
groundwork techniques. They are
usually made of foam and covered
with a vinyl or canvas-like
material.
EQUIPMENT IN
JUDO COMPETITION TIME
In official judo matches, a timer is
used to measure the duration of the
contest and to signal the end of the
match and various time intervals.
It helps maintain the structure and
fairness of the competition.
EQUIPMENT IN
JUDO SCOREBOARD
A scoreboard is used to display the
points awarded to each judoka
during a match. Points are given for
successful throws, holds, and
submissions. The scoreboard allows
both participants and spectators to
track the progress and outcome of
the bout.
EQUIPMENT IN
JUDO TAPE
White tape has very little elasticity,
and is mainly used to fix joints and
muscles in a rested state, and to
limit motion. White tape is also
used to protect muscles and joints
injured in the past
REULES AND
REGULATION
1. Categories: Competitors are divided into weight categories to ensure fair
matchups. The specific weight categories may vary between different
organizations and tournaments.

2. Contest Area: Judo matches take place on a mat called the tatami. The contest
area is a square-shaped mat with defined boundaries, usually measuring 8
meters by 8 meters
REULES AND
REGULATION
3. Duration of Matches: The duration of a judo match varies depending on the level of
competition and age category. In most senior-level matches, the duration is five minutes
for men and four minutes for women. There are also shorter durations for junior and
youth categories.

4. Judogi (Judo Uniform): Competitors must wear a traditional judogi during matches.
The judogi consists of a jacket, pants, and a belt (obi). The color of the obi represents the
rank or grade of the judoka.
REULES AND
REGULATION
5. Scoring: Points can be scored in various ways during a judo match. The main
scoring techniques are:

6. Ippon: The highest score, awarded for a clean and decisive throw that brings the
opponent onto their back with force and control.

7. Waza-ari: A half-point, awarded for a throw that is not quite as perfect as an

ippon but still demonstrates control and force.
REULES AND
8. Yuko: A lesser score, awarded for a throw that shows a lesser degree of control or force
REGULATION
than waza-ari.

9. Koka: The lowest score, given for a technique that demonstrates some elements of
control but with less impact than yuko.

10. Prohibited Techniques: Certain techniques are forbidden in judo due to their potential
danger. These include striking techniques, joint locks targeting small joints (such as
fingers and toes), and direct attacks to the groin area.
REULES AND
11. Penalties: Penalties, known as shido, may be given for rule violations or lack of
REGULATION
activity during a match. Accumulation of shido can lead to warnings (chui) and
disqualification (hansoku-make) if the violations persist.

12. Safety Measures: Safety is a paramount concern in judo. Competitors are expected to
prioritize their opponent's safety and use techniques in a controlled manner. Actions that
endanger an opponent, such as dropping them on their head or executing techniques in a
reckless manner, can result in penalties or disqualification.
REULES AND
REGULATION
13. Refereeing: Matches are officiated by referees and judges. They
make decisions on scoring, penalties, and overall control of the
match. Referees ensure fair play, enforce the rules, and prioritize the
safety of the competitors
FREESTYLE
WRESTLING
 .02

WHAT IS FREESTYLE W
Freestyle wrestling
brings together
traditional wrestling,
judo, and sambo
techniques
• Wrestling has existed since the time of
ancient France, first making an
appearance in cave drawings some
15,000 years ago. Babylonian and
Egyptian artifacts have shown ancient
wrestlers performing techniques that
modern-day practitioners use in the
present-day sport.
BASIC
THERE ARE SEVEN BASIC MOVES USED
IN FREESTYLE WRESTLING:

SKILLS
 STENCE
While in the neutral (standing) position, some wrestlers prefer a
square stance while others prefer a staggered stance. Either
stance can work equally well. Make sure you have most of your
weight on the balls of your feet as opposed to your heels. You
should never be standing straight up and leaving yourself open
to a takedown from your opponent. You should utilize a
comfortable but effective stance. You need a stance that allows
you to attack as well as defend.
 MOTION
Wrestling involves a tremendous amount of motion. You
may circle your opponent. You may attack your opponent
with a takedown attempt. You may snap your opponent to
the mat and spin around behind him. You may sprawl to
defend against a takedown. You need to learn to move
fluidly and quickly. You don't want to be clumsy or sloppy.
You need to execute moves explosively and crisply.
 LEVEL
CHANGE
Before a wrestler shoots a takedown, he must lower his level. This is
accomplished by lowering his hips. When a wrestler sprawls to
counter a takedown he is also using level change. In addition, a
wrestler may lower and raise his level to force a reaction from his
opponent. A wrestler needs to be able to maintain good posture
while changing levels. For instance, you don't want to get
overextended when shooting a takedown because you forgot to
lower your level first. Always bend at the knees, not at the waist.
 PRENETRATI
ON
Obviously, when you shoot for a takedown on your opponent, you
don't merely reach for his legs or dive wildly for his legs. Instead,
you make sure you are close enough to your opponent and then take
a deep penetration step keeping your back straight and your head up.
You lower your level and penetrate deeply being sure to keep your
hips forward and beneath your shoulders while you drive through
your opponent.
 LIFTING
A wrestler often lifts his opponent off the mat when executing a
takedown. He may also lift an opponent who has performed a stand
up from the bottom position. He lifts his opponent and returns him to
the mat. The legs and hips are most important when lifting. For
instance, when you shoot a double leg, you don't lift with your back.
You get your hips squarely beneath you and then use your leg and
hip strength to lift your opponent off the mat. When a wrestler has
been lifted off the mat, he is in a very vulnerable position lacking
support and balance.
 BACK STEP
A back step is most often seen when a wrestler executes a
throw.

BACK ARCH
When a wrestler attempts a throw, he often pops his hips
under his opponent while arching his back.
EQUIPMENT IN
FREESTYLESINGLETS
WRESTLING
Are the typical dress for any
wrestler. They are leotards,
skin tight suits without
sleeves, made of spandex,
with the addition of longer leg
material that stops around the
mid thigh.
EQUIPMENT IN
FREESTYLEEAR
WRESTLING
GUARD
Are incredibly important for
a wrestler’s safety. They are
made of protective foam
with a strong plastic shell in
order to cup and protect the
wearer’s ears from incoming
blows.
EQUIPMENT IN
FREESTYLEMOUTH
WRESTLING
GUARD
They are used to protect the
teeth of those engaged in the
match. They are usually made
of plastic and rubber and
made to absorb the shock of a
blow to the face.
EQUIPMENT IN
FREESTYLEMASK
WRESTLING
Are very common in certain types
of professional wrestling. They
don’t provide much protection or
comfort but certainly add style to
any match. Historically, wrestling
masks are eye-catching, colorful
and made to match a wrestler’s
in-ring character.
EQUIPMENT IN
FREESTYLEKNEE
WRESTLING
PADS
Are a common form of leg
protection seen at lower wrestling
levels. During a match, it’s easy
to get burns or bruises on your
knees from being on the mat so it
is fairly common to see wrestlers
wear knee pads.
EQUIPMENT IN
FREESTYLEKICK
WRESTLING
PADS
Are used often in
professional wrestling for
flair as well as an extra
layer of protection for those
whose styles involve more
contact to the knees.
EQUIPMENT IN
FREESTYLESHOES
WRESTLING
These shoes are specifically
designed to provide grip on
the mat in order to be able
to execute sharp pivots and
shift around opponents.
EQUIPMENT IN
FREESTYLE WRESTLING
BAG
The best way to organize
your wrestling gear is to
have a designated bag for it.
EQUIPMENT IN
FREESTYLECHAMPION
WRESTLINGBELT
Crowning a winner is an essential
element of every match and
tournament and one of the best
ways to celebrate is with a
championship belt. These belts are
usually made of leather with a large
metal plaque in the center with the
name of the tournament and weight
class engraved on it.
EQUIPMENT IN
FREESTYLERINGS
WRESTLING
Physical wrestling rings are
not required but can be a
good way to set hard limits
on where the athletes are
allowed to fight
EQUIPMENT IN
FREESTYLEMATS
WRESTLING
Competition wrestling mats
are essential for any match or
tournament. They provide a
surface for athletes to wrestle
without injuring themselves
on solid ground.
REULES AND
1. Weight Classes: Competitors are divided into different weight classes to
REGULATION
ensure fair competition.

2. Mat Area: The wrestling match takes place on a circular or square mat
called the "ring" or "arena." The dimensions of the mat can vary but are
typically around 12 meters (39.4 feet) in diameter.

3. Match Duration: A freestyle wrestling match consists of two three-minute

periods for senior men and three two-minute periods for senior women.
Junior and cadet categories may have different durations.
REULES AND
4. Weight-in: Before the competition, wrestlers must weigh in to ensure
REGULATION
they meet the weight requirements for their respective weight class.

5. Attire: Wrestlers typically wear a one-piece tight-fitting singlet, which

covers the torso and legs. It should be of a color designated for their
respective corner, usually red or blue.

6. Scoring: Wrestlers score points by executing specific techniques and

actions. Here are some common ways to score:
REULES AND
7. Takedown: When a wrestler brings their opponent from a standing
REGULATION
position to the mat and establishes control, they score two points.

• Reversal: If a wrestler who is being controlled by their opponent

manages to gain control themselves, they score one point.
• Exposure: When a wrestler exposes their opponent's back to the
mat at a 45-degree angle or less, they score two points. If the
exposure reaches 90 degrees or more, they score four points.
REULES AND
• Penalty Points: Various penalties can be awarded to a wrestler's
REGULATION
opponent for infractions such as passivity, illegal moves, or
misconduct. Penalty points range from one to four points,
depending on the severity of the offense.
• Out of Bounds: If both wrestlers go out of bounds, the referee
restarts the action from a neutral position in the center of the mat.
However, if one wrestler is pushed or forced out of bounds by their
opponent, the opponent is awarded one point.
REULES AND
8. Par Terre (Ground Wrestling): If a wrestler scores a takedown or an
REGULATION
exposure, they can choose to continue the action on the mat in the par
terre position. The attacking wrestler takes the top position while the
defending wrestler starts in a prone position with their hands on the
opponent.

9. Passivity: If a wrestler is deemed to be avoiding action or not actively

engaging with their opponent, the referee can issue a passivity warning.
Subsequent warnings can result in penalty points for the passivity
offender's opponent.
REULES AND
REGULATION
10. Victory Conditions: A wrestler can win a match by
accumulating enough points to achieve a technical superiority,
which is typically a 10-point advantage. They can also win by
scoring a fall, where both of the opponent's shoulders touch the
mat simultaneously, or by the opponent's disqualification.
 IMPORTANCE OF
MARTIAL ARTS
FOR MANY PEOPLE, MARTIAL ARTS IS AN INTEGRAL PART OF
LIFE. PEOPLE PRACTICE MARTIAL ARTS AS A SPORT, A HOBBY,
AN ARTISTIC EXPRESSION OR A REGIMEN FOR PHYSICAL,
MENTAL AND EMOTIONAL WELL-BEING. SKILLS LEARNED IN
THE STUDY OF MARTIAL ARTS CAN BE APPLIED IN OTHER
ASPECTS AND RELATIONSHIPS IN LIFE.
 SELF DEFENSE
• Majority of those signing up for martial arts have personal safety as
their main reason for training. Violence is a reality that is faced by
everyone and martial arts training provides necessary skills to
increase chances of survival. Students learn and practice risk
avoidance and fighting skills that they can apply should their safety
be at risk
 SELF-CONFIDENCE
• Fear and lack of knowledge and skill contribute largely to poor self
confidence. Martial arts training provides tools that enable people to
learn and apply skills that help them realize not only what they are
capable of but also gives them a sense of pride from knowing what
they have accomplished. Fear is reduced from knowing there are
skills to draw upon when attacked. As students progress to new
levels, challenges are met with less apprehsion and with more drive
to perservere and succeed.
 OVERALL HEALTH
• Physical, mental and emotional well-being are the other major reasons why
people sign up for martial arts training. Consistent training not only conditions
the mind and body to have strength and stamina to fight back in a violent
situation but also helps the body fight disease, stay flexible, strong and active as
people age. Martial arts provides stress relief and ways to release pent up energy.
Together with a healthy diet martial arts training gives people a well rounded
regimen that they can do anytime and anywhere. People take control of their well
being by being mindful of and making adjustments to things that they know
could affect them.
 COMMUNITY
• Martial arts in itself is a community. While martial arts was first used by people
to secretly train together to fight against oppressors, today’s martial arts has
become a community with an even bigger purpose. It’s where people meet and
share with others their passions. It’s where you find people of all ages and from
all walks of life to learn from and pass on knowledge. It’s where people train
hard, celebrate the wins and happy moments and comfort in times of trouble and
loss. It is where people can improve themselves and where they can be of service
to others.
 .01

GROUP
MEMBERS
• Resse Ann Veronica C. Sosa
• Francine Maui Bunao
•
•
Joseph Caguing
Cyrus Sumaoang
• Jean Taban • Emmanuel Mangila
• Ariella Maninang • Arjay Macapinlac
• Hazel Manalo • Clarenz Pidenes
• Pantaleon Ganapin Jr.
• Avelene Maninang
• Rabel Vergara
• Althea Ontua
• Jr Bulos