Institute of Water & Wastewater Research Technology (IWWRT)

“Create the skilled Leader for the Sustainable Environment”

Training on ETP
Biography of Trainer

Abdul Goni Mia

Current Experience : Working with BKMEA as a Sr. Asst. Secretary (Chemist)
Green Industry Development (GID) cell
as well as Program Coordinator and Master Trainer of IWWRT.

Educational Background : I have completed Hon’s and Master’s degree in Chemistry. (NU)

Training Summary : I have completed professional Training on Water & Wastewater Monitoring, Management,
Treatment (Operation & Control), Basic Design concept and chemical management Basic & TOT (Training of Trainer)
training .from different organization .
Such as GIZ (German corporation), IFC PaCT program, CEOT (Centre for ETP Operational Training), EHS+ Centre (NSU).
Now I am taking Professional training on LEED (Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design) Certification process
under USGBC (U.S of Green Building Council) from International Consulting farm EDS global (Environmental Design
Solution Pvt. Ltd. India.

Working Experience : I started my career with CP Bangladesh Co.Ltd. By August 2011 as a Chemist in Chittagong,
shifted to Wastechem International Ltd. as a Technical Manager (Water & Wastewater treatment Process development)
as well as ETP Operator’s Trainer of Wastechem from November 2012 to August 2015.

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 Institute of Water & Wastewater Research Technology (IWWRT)
“Create the skilled Leader for the Sustainable Environment”

Training on ETP process operations (Level-1)

ETP Training: Multi-disciplinary

• Physics • Biology/Biochemistry
• Chemistry • Management
• Unit Operations • Env. Science & Eng.
• Material Balance • INNOVATION
• Mechanical Design • POSITIVE Approach towards
• Civil Engineering Pollution Abatement

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Institute of Water & Wastewater Research Technology (IWWRT)
“Create the skilled Leader for the Sustainable Environment”

ETP operations, Process control and management )

Topics on

Lecture-1 : Water & Wastewater Treatment Fundamentals.

(Introduction, Pollution Indicating, Characteristics & Parameters)

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 Institute of Water & Wastewater Research Technology (IWWRT)
“Create the skilled Leader for the Sustainable Environment”

What is Water?
Water means-
 Colorless,transparent,odorless,& tasteless fluid
 Which forms the streams, lakes, oceans & rivers
 Where living organisms
 A chemical compound, a water molecule
 Contains one Oxygen & two Hydrogen atoms
 Hydrogen 11.2% and Oxygen 88.8% by weight
 We get only 2-3% fresh & 97-98% ice & ground water
 Boiling point: 212°F (100°C), Density: 1,000 kg/m³,
 Molar mass : 18.01528 g/mol, Melting point: 32°F (0°C) Source: www.state.com

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 Institute of Water & Wastewater Research Technology (IWWRT)
“Create the skilled Leader for the Sustainable Environment”

What is Wastewater?
Wastewater:
Any water that has unwanted content through use an industrial
process and needs to be treated as it is usually
contaminated (SS, DS, Organic matters& colloidal).
(Ref: https://youtu.be/Khs6SxIJYRE)

Source : www.jswater.in

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Institute of Water & Wastewater Research Technology (IWWRT)
“Create the skilled Leader for the Sustainable Environment”

What is Wastewater?
Influent Water: Water that flows into entering in the wastewater plant.

Effluent Water: Wastewater that has received primary, secondary or advanced

treatment to reduce its pollution or health hazards and is subsequently released
from a wastewater facility after treatment.
(Ref: https://youtu.be/Khs6SxIJYRE)

Influent Water Effluent Water

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Institute of Water & Wastewater Research Technology (IWWRT)
“Create the skilled Leader for the Sustainable Environment”

Reasons to Treat Wastewater

• Good quality effluent water

• Effluent water quality must meet rules and regulations

• Save money by recycling wastewater

• Save the environment pollution from wetland, drinking water, health hazards &
aquatics life

• Recover high value material in wastewater

(Ref: https://youtu.be/Khs6SxIJYRE)

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Institute of Water & Wastewater Research Technology (IWWRT)
“Create the skilled Leader for the Sustainable Environment”

Industrial Pollution:

About 1500 (or more) Textile Dyeing and Washing Industries

• About 270 Textile Dyeing Factories
Educated Assumptions:

• On an Average each factory (washing/dyeing)

produces 1250 m3 wastewater per day
• Wastewater Composition (average):
• pH = 8-11
• TDS = 2500 mg/l (~g/m3)
• TSS = 400 mg/l (~g/m3)
• BOD5 = 400 mg/l (~g/m3)
• COD = 1000 mg/l (~g/m3)
Polluting
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 Institute of Water & Wastewater Research Technology (IWWRT)
“Create the skilled Leader for the Sustainable Environment”

Characteristics of Wastewater:
Industrial Wastewater Characteristics: Can be classified under following three heads,

(i) Physical Characteristics

(ii) Chemical Characteristics and

(iii) Biological Characteristics

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Institute of Water & Wastewater Research Technology (IWWRT)
“Create the skilled Leader for the Sustainable Environment”

Characteristics of Wastewater:
Physical Characteristics: Characteristics of industrial wastewater are following ,
• Temperature
• Odor
• Colour
• Solids
• Density
• Turbidity
• Taste

Source: www.conhoo.com

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Institute of Water & Wastewater Research Technology (IWWRT)
“Create the skilled Leader for the Sustainable Environment”

Characteristics of Wastewater:
Chemical Characteristics: Its can be defined are three parts,

(i) Organic matter

(ii) Inorganic matter and

(iii) Gases

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Institute of Water & Wastewater Research Technology (IWWRT)
“Create the skilled Leader for the Sustainable Environment”

Characteristics of Wastewater:
Chemical Characteristics:
(i) Organic matter:
Basically Organic matters are
• Fats
• Dyes
• Soaps
• Rubber Products
• Fuels
• Cottons
• Proteins
• Carbohydrates www.Slideshare.com

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Institute of Water & Wastewater Research Technology (IWWRT)
“Create the skilled Leader for the Sustainable Environment”

Characteristics of Wastewater:
Chemical Characteristics:
(ii) Inorganic Matter :
Basically Inorganic matters are

• Nitrogen
• Ammonia
• Nitrite (NO2-)
• Nitrate (NO3-)
• Phosphorus
• Sulfur
• Heavy Metals

www.Slideshare.com

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Institute of Water & Wastewater Research Technology (IWWRT)
“Create the skilled Leader for the Sustainable Environment”

Characteristics of Wastewater:
Chemical Characteristics:
(iii) Gases :
Basically Gases are

• Nitrogen (N2),
• Oxygen (O2),
• Carbon dioxide (CO2),
• Hydrogen sulfide (H2S),
• Ammonia (NH3) and
• Methane (CH4).

www.Slideshare.com

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Institute of Water & Wastewater Research Technology (IWWRT)
“Create the skilled Leader for the Sustainable Environment”

Characteristics of Wastewater:
Chemical Characteristics of quality Parameters:
• pH
• Dissolved Oxygen (DO)
• Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)
• Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD
• Total Kjeldhl Nitrogen (TKN)
• Chlorides
• Metals
• Heavy metals
• Oil and Grease
• Dissolved Phosphors
• Sulfur
• TDS, SS
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Institute of Water & Wastewater Research Technology (IWWRT)
“Create the skilled Leader for the Sustainable Environment”

Characteristics of Wastewater:
Biological Characteristics: Key Microorganisms Involved in Wastewater Treatment
• Floc Forming Bacteria (saprophytes):
Primary Facultative Heterotrophs, Soil
and Aquatic Genera
• Nitrifying Bacteria: Ammonia Oxidizing
Bacteria (AOB) and Nitrite Oxidizing
Bacteria (NOB)
• Predators: Protozoa, Rotifers,
Nematodes
• Nuisance Bacteria and Eucaryotes:
Bulking, Foaming, Overgrazing
• Others: Algae, Yeast, Viruses
(Bacteriophage), etc.

www.wikipidia.com www.waterworld
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Institute of Water & Wastewater Research Technology (IWWRT)
“Create the skilled Leader for the Sustainable Environment”

Wastewater Treatment Process

Types of Wastewater Treatment:

(i) Physico-Chemical Treatment Primary Treatment

(ii) Bio-Chemical Treatment

Secondary Treatment

(iii) Biological Treatment

Tertiary/Advance Treatment

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Institute of Water & Wastewater Research Technology (IWWRT)
“Create the skilled Leader for the Sustainable Environment”

Wastewater Treatment Process

ETP Options:

1) Physico-Chemical ETP: The removal efficiency of P-C ETP has been found
to be 50% and 70% for BOD5 and COD respectively; not suitable to remove TDS

Source: www.textilelearner.blogspot.com

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Institute of Water & Wastewater Research Technology (IWWRT)
“Create the skilled Leader for the Sustainable Environment”

Wastewater Treatment Process

ETP Options:

2) Physico-Chemical and Biological ETP: BOD and COD removal efficiency

is up to 90%. (http://aem.asm.org/content/79/3/835.full)

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Institute of Water & Wastewater Research Technology (IWWRT)
“Create the skilled Leader for the Sustainable Environment”

Wastewater Treatment Process

ETP Options:

3) Biological ETP: with proper maintenance and operation B-ETP can

efficiently remove BOD, pH, TSS, Oil and Grease requirements; require more land
area to install.

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Institute of Water & Wastewater Research Technology (IWWRT)
“Create the skilled Leader for the Sustainable Environment”

What are the key parameters of an ETP?

• pH
• Dissolved Oxygen (DO)
• Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)
• Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)
• TDS (Total Dissolved Solids)
• TSS (Total Suspended Solids)
• Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids (MLSS, g/l)
• Mixed Liquor Volatile Suspended Solids (MLVSS, g/l)
• Sludge Volume Index Test (SVI, ml/g):
• Temperature:
• Colour:

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Institute of Water & Wastewater Research Technology (IWWRT)
“Create the skilled Leader for the Sustainable Environment”

Where & What Parameters should to be Checked for an ETP?

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Institute of Water & Wastewater Research Technology (IWWRT)
“Create the skilled Leader for the Sustainable Environment”

Definition of Parameters
pH: pH = -log[H+]

pH is a measure of hydrogen ion concentration,

a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a
solution. The pH scale usually ranges from 0 to
14. Aqueous solutions at 25°C with a pH less
than 7 are acidic, while those with a pH greater
than 7 are basic or alkaline.

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Institute of Water & Wastewater Research Technology (IWWRT)
“Create the skilled Leader for the Sustainable Environment”

Definition of Parameters

BOD:
Biochemical oxygen demand/biological
oxygen demand is the amount of
dissolved oxygen needed by aerobic
biological organisms to break down
organic material present in a given water
sample at certain temperature over a
specific time period.

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Institute of Water & Wastewater Research Technology (IWWRT)
“Create the skilled Leader for the Sustainable Environment”

Definition of Parameters

COD: COD or Chemical Oxygen Demand is the total

measurement of all chemicals (organics & in-organics) in
the water / waste water; BOD is a measure of, the amount of
oxygen that require for the bacteria to degrade the organic
components present in water / waste water.

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Institute of Water & Wastewater Research Technology (IWWRT)
“Create the skilled Leader for the Sustainable Environment”

Definition of Parameters

DO: DO (Dissolved Oxygen) :

Dissolved oxygen (DO) is a measure of how

much oxygen is dissolved in the water - the
amount of oxygen available to living aquatic
organisms. The amount of dissolved oxygen in a
stream or lake can tell us a lot about its water
quality.

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Institute of Water & Wastewater Research Technology (IWWRT)
“Create the skilled Leader for the Sustainable Environment”

Definition of Parameters

TDS (Total Dissolve Solid):

Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) are

the total amount of mobile charged ions,
including minerals, salts or metals dissolved in a
given volume of water, expressed in units of mg
per unit volume of water (mg/L), also referred to
as parts per million (ppm).

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“Create the skilled Leader for the Sustainable Environment”

Definition of Parameters

TSS (Total Suspended Solid):

Total Suspended Solids (TSS) are solids in
water that can be trapped by a filter. TSS
can include a wide variety of material,
such as silt, decaying plant and animal
matter, industrial wastes, and sewage.
High concentrations of suspended
solids can cause many problems for
Microwave-oven
stream health and aquatic life.
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Institute of Water & Wastewater Research Technology (IWWRT)
“Create the skilled Leader for the Sustainable Environment”

Ref:

1. Gleick, P.H., ed. (1993). Water in Crisis: A Guide to the World's Freshwater Resources.
Oxford University Press. p. 13, Table 2.1 "Water reserves on the earth“
2. https://youtu.be/Khs6SxIJYRE3. & https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aOpAHAG3Os4

3 . Short Training Course for Effluent Treatment Plant. Bangladesh PaCT. @ Dr. Mohidus S.
Khan 2015, www.mohidkhan.com
4. Wikipedia: Organische Chemie, de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organische_Chemie, Aufruf vom
25.07.2013.

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Institute of Water & Wastewater Research Technology (IWWRT)
“Create the skilled Leader for the Sustainable Environment”

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Institute of Water & Wastewater Research Technology (IWWRT)
“Create the skilled Leader for the Sustainable Environment”

Thank You

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