Fencing

INTRODUCTION TO FENCING
 Fencing is one of the element of external works and of a
construction.
• Fencing of a variety of materials and types are used to form
boundaries between land of different occupiers.
• The choice may be influenced by a number of factors
including appearance, durability, initial and maintenance
costs, and effectiveness.
• fencing also one of the security that we needed as it can
secure the residential, schools, property, lands and etc from
any danger and strangers that might harm people
 Types of Fencing
• Can be divided into 2 categories;
1. Open type fencing
2. Close type fencing

• Open type fencing includes post-and-wire fencing, post-

and-rail fencing, chain-link and wire-mesh fencing, cleft-
pale fencing, palisade fencing, metal bar fencing.

• Close type fencing includes close-boarded fencing, built-up

concrete fencing, corrugated fencing.
OPEN TYPE FENCING

1. post-and-wire fencing
2. post-and-rail fencing
3. chain-link and wire-mesh fencing
4. cleft-pale fencing
5. palisade fencing
6. metal bar fencing
 Post-and-wire fencing
• Post and wire fences are predominantly used in rural
applications, and are usually much longer than fences
found in suburbia. They are generally required to
manage live stock and define boundaries for people.
• Cost is a primary consideration, particularly for long
fences, which is why simple post and wire strand
construction has been employed over many years, and
still is.
• Post hole borers are an efficient and quick method of
preparing many holes. Wire strands can quickly be
threaded over long distances and strained at the ends.
• A top timber rail can be added for additional strength
and aesthetics and the post tops can be nicely shaped.
 Post-and-Wire Fencing (Cont’d)
 Erection of post and wire fencing:
Install end strainer by use jointing strands to fix the wires to help
prevent the strainer rotating. Strut will only used on all end
strainers.
Install intermediate strainers at 100m intervals and at changes in
direction and slope. Strut will only be necessary at significant
changes in direction or slope.
Strut mortise into the strainer to prevent rotation of strainers when
wires are tensioned
Install a post that made from a timber
Fix wires to the post with angle staples to prevent splitting the
post timber.

• Shown at bottom: (A) cap rail; (B) top rail; (C) wire mesh; (D)
bottom rail; (E) post.
 Post-and-rail fencing
• Post and Rail fencing is a traditional and cost effective form of fencing.
• it's also one of the easiest fences to build.
• The most common materials are pine and cedar. Rails are usually 8' or 11' feet
long. They are round, half-round or square/diamond-shaped. The rails insert into
the holes in the posts and are held in place by their own weight.
• Posts are made to accept either 2 or 3 rails. Two-rail fence posts are
approximately 6' long and three-hole posts are approximately 7' long.
• Posts are pre-drilled for use as end, corner or line.
• End posts are drilled halfway and are used as starting and stopping points.
• Corner posts are drilled halfway on adjoining sides for use on right angles.
• Line posts are drilled all the way through and support the rails on long, straight
portions.
Characteristic
Safe and Beautiful - Retains virtually no moisture
and has no taste. Horses and livestock tend not to crib
or chew on vinyl fence.
Strong and Durable - Highly weather resistant. Will
not chip, fade or rot. Stays flexible, exceptional impact
resistance.
Economical and Virtually Maintenance-Free -
Never needs painting or staining. Time and money
savings on maintenance. Manufacturer's lifetime
limited warranty.
Post-and-rail fencing
 Chain-link and wire-mesh fencing
• Chain link fence, also known by some as cyclone fence, is one of the
most popular choices of fence for both light residential to heavy
commercial fence applications. Chain link fence is one of the most
practical styles of fence, relatively easy to install, and very cost effective.
• Chain link fence is most commonly available galvanized which is silver
in color. It also carry colored chain link fence fabric, framework (posts
and rail), colored fence fittings, gates (swing and slide), and gate
hardware for all fencing applications from standard residential to light
commercial, to heavy commercial and industrial fence applications.
• Colored fence fittings and chain link framework (posts and rails) are
either powder coated, or coated in a heavy vinyl coated (PVC) material
in standard colors such as black, dark brown, and dark green.
• It is not uncommon to combine the two and stretch a vinyl coated chain
link fabric on a galvanized frame. All aluminum chain link fabric,
aluminum tubing, and aluminum chain link fittings and gates are also
available for special applications and is preferred by many near saltwater.
Chain-link and wire-mesh fencing
Chain-link and wire-mesh fencing
 Chain-link and wire-mesh fencing
A chain-link fence also can be referred to
as wire netting, chain-wire fence, cyclone
fence or hurricane fence
This type of fencing is usually made from
galvanized or LLDPE-coated steel wire
The wires run vertically and are bent into a
‘zig-zag’ pattern which is look like diamond
pattern in the fence.
Chain-link and wire-mesh fencing
 The installation of chain-link fence involves setting posts
into the ground and attaching the fence to them
 The posts may be from steel, timber or concrete and driven
into the ground or set in concrete.
 Posts set between the terminal posts are called line posts and
are set in concrete footings at intervals not to exceed 10 feet
 The fence is attached at one end, stretched, and attached at
the other by using straining fittings and the excess being
easily removed by unscrewing a wire.
 Once stretched, this wire should be secured to the line posts
and the chain-link mesh to the tension wire not more than 3
m center
 . The installation of this wire is generally done prior to the
installation of the chain-link mesh
Advantages
 Reasonably economical
 Form a very effective boundary even the appearance is not
attractive as other fencing
 It is commonly used to low cost house, hostel, school and
etc.
 Cleft-pale fencing
Also known as Cleft Chestnut Pale Fencing.
Chestnut fencing is manufactured by cleaving (hand splitting) chestnut
into pales.
The pales are hand-riven from sweet chestnut wood, shaved of bark, stub
pointed on top and roughly triangular or half round in section.
These are then wound together using galvanized wire.
The wire used is 1.90mm diameter
Chestnut Pale Fencing Uses:
 •Permanent Boundary fence
 •Shelter for establishing hedges and shrubs
 •Wind disruption for drifting snow and sand
 •Quick temporary fence
 •Security fence
 Metal bar fencing
• There are plenty of choices when it comes to metal fencing designs from the
simplest to more complex and intricate. Of course, we cannot forget the
durability and the sturdiness of metal fencing, which makes it ideal for any kind
of property.
• A coat of paint is enough for a metal fence to last for many years. When the
metal eventually degenerates, metal fences are easy and cheaper to repair or
replace.
• Wood will remain a popular choice for fencing but metal comes with a lot of
advantages for the home builder. Unlike wooden fences, metal fencing is not
prone to pest and termite infestation. It is inexpensive and does not take much to
maintain. When it comes to aesthetic appeal, metal fencing easily rivals the
classic appeal of wood fencing. Even better, ornamental metal fences are made
available in a variety of shapes and styles.
• Metal fences are also commonly installed to secure fish ponds, gardens, and pets.
Metal offers a degree of flexibility that more home builders are seeing the value
of this material. The home owner may choose from various kinds of metals,
designs, sizes, and patterns available.
 Metal bar fencing
Types;
• Aluminum Fencing - Aluminum is the cheaper alternative
compared to wrought iron fences and can withstand rusting
better. It would make a good choice if it always rains in
your locality. Aluminum metal fencing is also ideal for pool
areas as it can better withstand the moisture present in such
an environment and provide the security needed.
Aluminum fences can be painted on for aesthetic and
functional purposes.
 Metal Bar fencing
• Wrought Iron Fences - Wrought iron metal fences cost a little more
because they are custom-built and bring about a more classic look and
feel. Rust can be a major problem but if you live in a mostly sunny
city, proper maintenance is all it takes to keep them in top condition.
Wrought iron fences can be galvanized to keep away rust and prevent
discoloration.
• Chain Fences - With regard to design, you have the option to choose
between chain-link metal fencing or interlocking post and rail fencing.
You may choose either one depending on your needs and preference.
Chain link fences are commonly found around football fields, public
pools, and baseball pitches. If you are installing a fence mostly for
practical purposes, chain link fences are affordable and easy to set up.
 Metal bar fencing
• Post and Rail Fencing - If you would like your fence to serve a
decorative as well as a functional purpose, you may pay a little extra
and have post and rail metal fencing installed. Costs vary in range
depending on the thickness, spacing, and the overall appearance of the
rails. Line posts and corner posts should be chosen with care. They
vary according to joint shapes such as u-joint, y-joint, t-joint, or
square-shaped. Each type supports various types of metal fencing and
you may ask the help of a contractor to ensure the quality of your
metal fence.
CLOSE TYPE FENCING

1. Close-board fencing
2. built-up concrete fencing
3. corrugated fencing
 Close board fencing
• Close board fencing is fencing which is made up of posts
and rails, with feather edge boards fixed vertically to the
rails. The posts should ideally be 4 x 4 inch treated timber,
set into the ground in a hole 2 ft (600mm) deep and
concreted with a concrete mix
• The picture shows both the inside of the fence (left) and the
outside (right) to demonstrate how the fence is assembled.
• It is an accepted rule that the outside (good side) of the
fence is shown to neighbours.
Close board fencing
Close board fencing
Close board fencing
 Built-up concrete fencing
 Built-up concrete is stronger and last longer than all other
fencing materials
 It only requires periodic cleaning unless it's painted
 The installation cost is expensive
 A concrete wall may be plain gray or made in molds and
colored to create designs emulating stone and brick
masonry.
 Concrete fencing is also made to look like wooden post and
rail fencing with a choice of textures and colors.
Built-up concrete fencing
 Corrugated fencing
Low maintenance, durability, and beauty.
 Privacy fencing can be used in commercial and
industrial areas where zoning laws require sight
obscuring fences.
 It is also ideal around parking lots, apartment
entrances, playgrounds, swimming pools and
tennis courts.
Corrugated fencing
The end