Quote Slide
“Success is not final; failure is not fatal: It
is the courage to continue that counts”
~ Winston S. Churchill
Impacts of
Metals
Impacts of metals on the environment
(Corrosion)
The harmful effects metals
Introductio
Group Members: n
• Chateram Persaud
• Alexandria Forrester
• Anish Sankar
Due Date: November 17, 2020
Date : November 17, 2020 Objectives
Subject: Chemistry
Examine the corrosion of Aluminum
School: Queen’s College
Grade: 11A Examine the corrosion of iron
Examine the harmful effects of metals
Corrosion of Aluminum
Aluminum
The corrosion of aluminum has a benefit. The corrosion of aluminum occurs
when it is exposed to air. When this occurs, a protective layer of aluminum
oxide (Al2O3) adheres itself to the surface of the metal. This layer does not
flake off and is relatively unreactive. This tough layer is use as protection
making aluminum a good material for making house hold fittings, marine
equipment, vehicles, construction and packaging
Al + O2 → Al2O3
Note: If the metal is to be used outdoors the aluminum oxide layer can be
thicken by anodising (related to electrolysis). If the aluminum is used as the
anode in the electrolysis cell and diluted sulphuric acid as the cathode, the
oxygen released at the anode reacts with the aluminum and increases the
thickness.
Corrosion of
Iron
Iron
Unlike the corrosion of aluminum, the corrosion of iron is detrimental. The
corrosion of iron occurs when exposed to oxygen and moisture start to
corrode forming hydrated iron (III) oxide Fe2O3 and iron (III) hydroxide Fe(OH)
3.
This corrosion is known as progressively rusting which continuously reduces
the strength of the material. The corroded parts of the iron start to flake off
which then exposes fresh iron to which then rusts and flakes off. This process
continues to happen until the iron wears away.
When rust is formed iron atoms lose electrons and become iron (III) ions Fe3+
Fe – 3e- → Fe3+
Note: Losing electrons is oxidation so the iron has been oxided. It does not
matter whether the product is iron (III) oxide, iron (III) hydroxide or iron (III)
chloride, the loss of electrons is always the same.
Harmful effects of Metals
Lead (Pb)
The harmful effects of lead are that it damages body tissues and organs
such as kidneys, liver, bones, the brain and nervous system.
Arsenic (As)
The harmful effects of arsenic are that it causes skin to thicken and it
also changes the pigmentation of skin. It also damages the nervous
system, heart, lungs, blood vessels and can causes cancer.
Inhaling arsenic over a long period may lead to lung cancer. If ingested,
arsenic has both an acute poisoning effect and a long-term chronic
effect. This may show as skin lesions or cancers of internal organs.
Harmful effects of
Cadmium (Cd) Metals
Cadmium damages the kidneys, liver and the respiratory system
when inhaled. Cadmium is classified as a cancer-forming agent. It
also causes bones to weaken and become fragile. This can lead to
osteoporosis.
Copper (Cu)
Long expose to copper irritates the nose, mouth, eyes and causes
headaches, stomachaches, dizziness, vomiting and diarrhea. High
amounts of copper cause liver, kidney damage and death.
Harmful effects of
Zinc (Zn) Metals
Insufficient zinc intake has a detrimental effect on growth, and
immune and reproductive system development. Adverse health effects
generally only occur where the exposure is high. Harmful effects of
zinc are nausea, vomiting, stomach pain. Diarrhea and flu like
symptoms.
Nickel (Ni)
Adverse health effects generally only occur where the exposure is
high. Harmful effects of nickel are allergies, cardiovascular diseases,
kidney diseases, lung fibrosis and lung and nasal cancer.
Harmful effects of Metals
Selenium (Se)
The harmful effect of Selenium is liver damage
Mercury (Hg)
The harmful effects of mercury are damages to the
gastrointestinal ulceration and central nervous
system.
Chromium (Cr)
Harmful effects of Chromium are damages to the
liver, kidney and circulatory system
Reference
• Helmenstine, Anne Marie, Ph.D. "Heavy Metal Definition and List."
ThoughtCo, Aug. 26, 2020, thoughtco.com/definition-of-heavy-metal-
605190.
• https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Antibiotic-types-their-
applications-and-side-effects_tbl4_316109411
• CSEC Chemistry – A Concise Revision Course by Anne Tindale ( 2016 )
• https://www.lenntech.com/periodic/elements/cu.htm#:~:text=Long
%2Dterm%20exposure%20to%20copper,has%20not%20been
%20determined%20yet
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7037090/
#:~:text=Nickel%20contact%20can%20cause%20a,fibrosis%2C%20lung
%20and%20nasal%20cancer
Do You Know?
Each hydrogen atom in your body is likely 13.5
billion years old as they were created at the birth
of the universe.
For your time and hope you
enjoyed
THE END
