AC Theory
AC Pure Capacitive Circuit
Capacitive Reactance
• Reactance that occurs in a capacitor is known
as capacitive reactance.
• Capacitive reactance stores energy in the form
of a changing electrical field
• The capacitive reactance oppose to the flow of
alternating current (AC).
• The current waveform leads the voltage
waveform by 90 degrees.
AC Pure Capacitive Circuit
AC Pure Capacitive Circuit
AC Pure Capacitive Circuit
P=0W
Capacitive Reactance
XC = capacitive reactance (ohms, Ω)
f = frequency (hertz, Hz)
C = capacitance (farads, F)
XC is frequency dependent
• Given : C = 47 µF
• 1. Find XC if f = 50 Hz (67.73Ω)
• 2. Find XC if f = 500 Hz (6.77Ω)
• 3. Find XC if f = 1000 Hz (3.39Ω)
• Given : C = 0.22 µF
• 4. Find XC if f = 50 Hz. (14468.63Ω)
• 5. Find XC if f = 500 Hz. (1446.86Ω)
• 6. Find XC if f = 1000 Hz. (723.43Ω)
Exercise 9
1. What is the capacitive reactance of a 68 µF
capacitor if it is connected to a 230V, 50Hz supply?
(46.81Ω)
2. What is the capacitive reactance of a 68 µF
capacitor if it is connected to a 24V, 100Hz supply?
(23.41Ω)
Exercise 10
1. What is the current flow in the circuit as in EX 9
question 1? Is the current leading or lagging the
voltage? What is the phase shift angle? (4.91A,
leading, 90 degrees)
2. What is the current flows in the circuit in EX 9
question 2? Is the current leading or lagging the
voltage? What is the phase shift angle? (1.03A,
leading, 90 degrees)
Impedance Triangle
Z= (Ω)
Power Triangle
RC in series
• Given: v = 24V, 50 Hz, R = 10Ω, C = 220µF
• Calculate: Xc, Z, I, phase angle, Power and its
power factor.
• Is the current leading or lagging the voltage?
• (14.47Ω, 17.59Ω, 1.36A, 55.35 degrees,
18.50W, 0.569, current leads voltage)
RC in series
• Given: v = 48V, 400 Hz, R = 10Ω, C = 68µF
• Calculate: Xc, Z, I, its phase angle, power and
power factor.
• Is the current leading or lagging the voltage?
• (5.85Ω, 11.59Ω, 4.14A, 30.33 degrees,
171.4W, 0.863, current leads voltage)
RC in series
• Given: v = 48V, 50 Hz, R = 22Ω, C = 47µF
• Calculate: capacitive reactance Xc, (67.73Ω)
• impedance Z and (71.21Ω)
• current I flowing through the circuit (0.67A)
• power and its power factor. (9.88W, 0.309)
Exercise 11
• Given: v = 230V, 50 Hz, R = 330Ω, C = 470µF
• Calculate: capacitive reactance Xc, (6.77Ω)
• impedance Z and (330.07Ω)
• current I flowing through the circuit (0.697A)
• power and its power factor. (160.32W, 0.999)
Exercise 12
• Given: v = 48V, 50 Hz, R = 22Ω, C = 680µF
• Calculate: capacitive reactance Xc, (4.68Ω)
• impedance Z and (22.49Ω)
• current I flowing through the circuit (2.13A)
• power and its power factor. (99.81W, 0.978)
