Job Evaluation
Two Point-Factor Methods
Factor Evaluation Hay Method
System
Developed in 1977 by the Dates back to the early 50's
Office of Personnel and is one of the most
Management for non- popular methods in use
today. It is particularly
supervisory general
popular for evaluating
schedule employees. It
executive, managerial, and
incorporates many of professional positions as
the characteristics of the well as nonexempt clerical,
Lott, Benge, and NEMA blue collar, and technical
methods. jobs.
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Universal Factors
Four Popular Methods
BASS NMTA
Skill Skill
(4/0)* (3/15)
Working Condition Effort
(3/0) (2/10)
Responsibility Responsibility
(1/0) (4/20)
Job
Conditions (2/10)
* (SUBFACTORS/DEGREES OR LEVELS)
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Universal Factors
Four Popular Methods
Hay and Purves Factor Evaluation System
Know How Knowledge Personal Contact
(3/15) (2/9) Purpose of Contact
Problem Solving Supv Control Physical Demands
(2/13) (3/5) Work Environment
Accountability Guidelines
(3/15) (2/5)
Complexity
(3/6)
Scope & Effect
(2/6) Lawrence Wagoner
Combining Point-Factor
and Factor-Comparison Methods
A critical check of the
results of a POINT-
FACTOR job evaluation
involves the use of
FACTOR COMPARISON.
It is used to be sure that
the factor points assigned
to each job makes sense
relative to a factor
comparison process.
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Job Evaluation Committee
Essential to the
success of all job
evaluation
processes is the
presence of expert
judgment.
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Job Evaluation Committee
Expert judgment is typically shaped
by the level of knowledge shared by
the evaluators of the work
environment....Their understanding
of the nature of the work being
performed, and....Their capacity
to process information
and data and make sound
judgments.
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Job Evaluation Committee
The quality of the output of any job
evaluation process using point
scored compensation factors
relates directly
to the quality of
decisions made
by those doing
the ratings, and....
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Job Evaluation Committee
It is reasonable to assume that given
the complex nature of work
environments, accuracy in job
evaluation requires the knowledge and
skill of more than one individual,
and....
The logical consequence is the job
evaluation committee.
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Job Evaluation Committee
A job evaluation committee may
consist of one to three permanent
members (at least one from the comp
department) and rotating members
representing the unit(s) whose jobs
are being evaluated.
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Roles Of The Committee
Rank And Rate Jobs
Select A Job Evaluation
Methodology
Choose Benchmark Jobs
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Role Of The
Compensation
Department
Provide Committee Representation
Provide Committee With Staff Specialists
Identify Benchmark Jobs
Provide Training For Committee Members
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Factor Evaluation
System
The FES differs from the other point-
factor methods in that it contains
three stages of descriptive data not
simply a defined set of universal
compensable factors, subfactors,
and degrees.
The three stages are:
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Factor Evaluation System
Primary Standards (9)
Factor-level Descriptions For The Series
(60+)
Benchmark Jobs That Cover The Full
Range Of Pay For The Jobs In Each
Occupation Or Series.
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FES Factor Description
Table
FACTOR POINTS % TOTAL
LEVELS
Knowledge 50-1850 41.3 9
Supv Control 25-650 14.5 5
Guidelines 25-650 14.5 5
Complexity 25-450 10.0 6
Scope/effect 25-450 10.0 6
Pers Contact 10-110 2.5 4
Purp Of Contact 20-220 4.9 4
Phys Demand 5-50 1.1 3
Work Environment 5-50 1.1 3
Total Points 4480
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FES Exercise
The FES process is described in detail in the
text on pages 257 through 277.
Additionally, a job description for a lead
programmer taken from chapter 7 has been
evaluated on pages 271 through 274 using the
FES process and the results have been
summarized on a "factor evaluation system
position evaluation statement" appearing on
page 276.
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FES Quality Check
There is a direct relationship between the selected
level of the knowledge factor and levels selected
of all other factors.
The knowledge or skill requirements of a job drive
the evaluation rating, while other compensable
factors provide additional information to "fine
tune" the final rating.
Review figure 9-5 "FES knowledge level
conventions" for further explanation or
description of this point.
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Sore Thumbing
Reviewing ratings using
some kind of spreadsheet
layout assists in identifying
factor ratings that don't
make sense. This analysis
is often called "sore
thumbing" because an
inappropriate rating stands
out like a sore thumb.
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Hay Guide Chart-Profile
Method
The Hay Guide Know-How
chart-profile Practical procedures,
method uses three specialized knowledge, And
universal factors, scientific discipline.
eight subfactors, (8 levels)
and forty-three Managerial (4 levels)
degrees and levels Human relations (3 levels)
to evaluate jobs.
Plus 3 degree choices per
They are as
follows: grid.
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Hay Guide Chart-Profile
Method
Problem-Solving Accountability
Freedom to act
Thinking
(7 levels)
environment
Job impact on end
(8 levels)
results (4 levels)
Thinking challenge Magnitude
(5 levels) (4 levels)
Plus 2 degree Plus 3 degrees per
choices per grid grid.
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Hay Method
The descriptions that form the rows
and the columns of the guide charts
provide a measure of the level of
difficulty, or importance, of each
factor.
The KH and AC guide charts provide
actual scores. The PS guide chart
provides a percentage that identifies
the amount of KH used in solving
problems.
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Hay Method
The Guide Charts Have Both Standardized
And Customized Features:
The geometric scales use the same values with
each step, reflecting the 15% perceptible difference
in values theory discussed in chapter six.
The number of rows and columns of each guide
chart can be altered to fit the character and size of
the client.
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Hay Method
The evaluation
process generally
begins with the
highest valued
compensable factor
and proceeds in
order to the lowest
weighted factor.
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Hay Method
KNOW-HOW
Rows describe depth and breadth of job
knowledge required to perform job
assignments.
Columns describe management breadth
relative to such requirements as planning,
organizing, reviewing, and control.
Within each column there is a third element
that measures human relations skill.
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Hay Method
PROBLEM-SOLVING
Rows identify levels of thinking.
Columns identify thinking challenge.
When the most appropriate grid and
corresponding percentage has been
identified, a point value is determined by
multiplying the selected PS% (x) the
previously determined KH points.
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Hay Method
ACCOUNTABILITY
Rows measure freedom to act
Columns measure the magnitude of
the impact of the job on end results
Inside each column is a third element
that measures the job impact on end
results (4 per column)
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Hay Method Example
The same lead-programmer analyst job
evaluated earlier in this chapter using the
FES method is re-evaluated in pages 282-
294 using the hay method.
Figure 9-10 (pg 284) is a ”Hay Position
Evaluation Statement" that contains the
evaluation scores for the lead-programmer
analyst in accordance with the hay guide
chart-profile method.
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Hay Method
Quality Checks And Patterns
PROFILING
KH and PS are closely linked in the guide
charts and they tend to parallel each other
with respect to their alpha numeric locator
codes. As KH requirements increase for a
job PS enjoys a concomitant growth.
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Hay Method
Quality Checks And Patterns
PROFILING
PS and AC also have a relationship
that provides information about the
general nature of jobs that when
examined either validates the
evaluation or challenges the results.
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Hay Method
Quality Checks And Patterns
PROFILING
Jobs higher in PS points than AC
points are typically staff and
administrative in nature, and....
Jobs higher in AC points than PS
points are typically action or line
jobs, and....
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Hay Method
Quality Checks And Patterns
PROFILING
Jobs with essentially the same AC
and PS points tend to have an
administrative/action orientation.
The profile is determined by
identifying the step difference
between PS and AC....
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Hay Method
Quality Checks And Patterns
The step difference is determined
By locating the PS points on the
Step value guide and counting up
Or down until you have located
the AC points. The number of
Steps taken in this
procedure establishes
the step difference. The
Direction (up +, down -) defines
The nature of the difference.
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Hay Method
Quality Checks And Patterns
PROFILING
To convert all of this data into a profile turn to
page 287 in your text and find the PS
percentage, identified in the sample problem,
in the left hand column (33%) and move
across that row until you find the KH points in
the first row that correspond with those
determined in your sample problem (230)....
The number found at this intersection (87)
becomes profiling CONTINUED...
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Hay Method
Quality Checks And Patterns
PROFILING
The number you locate in the left hand
column of the profile table (figure 9-11b) and
match up with the appropriate step level (1
down) located on the horizontal axis.
The resulting set of numbers is the job profile
(38 33 29). This profile defines the
percentage of points assigned to each of the
three universal factors.
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Hay Method
Quality Checks And Patterns
PROFILING
All to the job profiles lined up in
order of point totals will provide
the organization with a profile
pattern that further validates the
evaluation effort.
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Hay Method
Quality Checks And Patterns
PROFILING
As a rule, KH points as a percentage of
the total tends to decrease as job value
increases.
PS and AC points as a percentage of the
total tend to be lowest at the lower valued
jobs.
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Hay Method
Quality Checks And Patterns
PROFILING
Profile patterns are also indicators of job rank
within an organization:
KH-PS-AC
General Mgr 41-23-36
Plant Mgr 44-22-34
Operations Mgr 56-19-25
Office Mgr 60-17-23
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