Concentration of Solutions
Evangeline DC. Canceller
Science Teacher
Review:
1. Define solubility.
2. Differentiate saturated solution
from unsaturated solution.
Try this simple activity:
Materials Needed:
food color (blue, yellow or green)
medicine droppers
water
4 clear transparent container
stirrer
Procedure (Part I)
1. Label the clear transparent container with
numbers 1 to 4.
2. Place one drop of food color in container #1.
3. Add 50 ml water to the food color in container
#1 and stir the solution.
4. Place 10 drops of food color in container #2.
5. Add 50 ml of water to the food color in
container #2 and stir the solution.
6. Show the class containers #1 and #2 and ask
them to differentiate the two containers.
Procedure (Part 2)
1. Place one drop of color in container #3.
2. Add 20 ml water in container #3 and stir
the solution.
3. Place one drop of food color in container
#4.
4. Add 100ml water to the containers #4 and
stir the solution.
5. Sow the class containers #3 and #4 and ask
them to differentiate the two containers.
Concentration describes the relative amounts of
solute and solvent in a given volume of solution.
When there is a large amount of dissolved solute
for a certain volume of solvent, the solution is
concentrated.
A dilute solution has a small amount of dissolved
solute in comparison to the amount of solvent.
You will describe the concentrations of
solutions qualitatively (by simply observing their
appearance) and quantitatively (by comparing
the number of drops per volume of water).
Percent by volume usually describes
solutions in which both solute and
solvent are liquids. The volume of the
solution is the sum of the volume of
the solute and the volume of solvent.
Formula:
Percent by volume = Volume of solute X 100%
Volume of solution
Sample Problem:
1. What is the percent by volume of
ethanol in solution that contains 45 ml
of ethanol dissolved in 125 ml of
water?
2. What is the percent by volume of
isopropyl alcohol in a solution that
contains 50 ml of isopropyl alcohol in
2.2 ml of water?
Percent by mass is a ratio of a measured
amount of solute to a measured amount
of solution. The mass of solution equals
the mass of the solute plus the mass of
the solvent.
Formula:
Percent by Mass = Mass of solute x 100%
Mass of solution
Sample Problems:
1. What is the percent by mass oh
NaHCO3 in a solution containing 20
g NaHCO3 dissolved in 600 g of
water?
2. Calculate the percent by mass of
4.35 g of NaCl dissolved in 105 g of
water.
Solve the following problems:
1. What is the percent by mass
concentration of a solution that contains
5.30g of salt dissolved in 19.7g of water?
2. The active ingredients in wines and
other alcoholic beverages is ethanol. A
300ml sample of wine was found to
contain 37.5 of ethanol. What is the
percentage by volume of concentration
of ethanol in the wine sample.
1. How many grams of glucose
(C6H12O6) are needed to prepare
5% of glucose solution?
2. A photographic “stop bath”
contains 160ml of pure acetic acid
in 650ml solution. What is the
percent by weight of acetic acid in
the stop bath?
