CURSOR
Database Programming (DPG621S)
2022
WHAT IS A CURSOR?
Temporary Memory
It is Allocated by Database Server at the Time of Performing DML
operations on Table by User.
Cursors are used to store Database Tables.
There are 2 types of Cursors: Implicit Cursors, and Explicit Cursors.
LIFECYCLE
CURSOR SYNTAX
Step 1: Declare
Step 2: Open Cursor
Step 3: Fetch Cursor
Step 4: Close Cursor
Step 5: Deallocate Cursor
Example 1
DECLARE @name Varchar(100), @Salary INT
DECLARE DB_Cursor CURSOR
FOR SELECT Name, Salary
FROM EMPLOYEES
OPEN DB_Cursor
FETCH NEXT FROM DB_Cursor INTO @Name,
@Salary
PRINT @Name+' '+CAST(@Salary AS VARCHAR)
CLOSE DB_Cursor
DEALLOCATE DB_Cursor
Example 2
DECLARE @name Varchar(100), @Salary
INT
DECLARE DB_Cursor CURSOR
FOR SELECT Name, Salary
FROM EMPLOYEES
OPEN DB_Cursor
FETCH NEXT FROM DB_Cursor INTO @Name,
@Salary
PRINT @Name+' '+CAST(@Salary AS
VARCHAR)
FETCH NEXT FROM DB_Cursor INTO @Name,
@Salary
PRINT @Name+' '+CAST(@Salary AS
VARCHAR)
FETCH NEXT FROM DB_Cursor INTO @Name,
@Salary
PRINT @Name+' '+CAST(@Salary AS
VARCHAR)
Example 3: USING A LOOP
DECLARE @name Varchar(100), @Salary
INT
DECLARE DB_Cursor CURSOR
FOR SELECT Name, Salary
FROM EMPLOYEES
OPEN DB_Cursor
FETCH NEXT FROM DB_Cursor INTO @Name,
@Salary
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
PRINT @Name+' '+CAST(@Salary AS
VARCHAR)
FETCH NEXT FROM DB_Cursor INTO @Name,
@Salary
END
CLOSE DB_Cursor
DEALLOCATE DB_Cursor
PRACTICAL DECLARE @name VARCHAR(50)
DECLARE @path VARCHAR(256)
DECLARE @fileName VARCHAR(256)
EXAMPLE DECLARE @fileDate VARCHAR(20)
SET @path = 'C:\Backup\'
SELECT @fileDate =
CONVERT(VARCHAR(20),GETDATE(),112)
Lets do a backup of all
DECLARE db_cursor CURSOR FOR
our databases on the SELECT name
server using a cursor. FROM MASTER.dbo.sysdatabases
WHERE name NOT IN
('master','model','msdb','tempdb')
OPEN db_cursor
FETCH NEXT FROM db_cursor INTO @name
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
SET @fileName = @path + @name + '_' +
@fileDate + '.BAK'
BACKUP DATABASE @name TO DISK = @fileName
FETCH NEXT FROM db_cursor INTO @name
END
CLOSE db_cursor
DEALLOCATE db_cursor
Example 2
DECLARE @DB_Name VARCHAR(100)
DECLARE db_cursor CURSOR
FOR
SELECT NAME
FROM MASTER.dbo.sysdatabases
WHERE name NOT IN ('master','model','msdb','tempdb')
OPEN DB_Cursor
FETCH NEXT FROM DB_Cursor INTO @DB_Name
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
PRINT 'BACKUP DATABASE ' +@DB_Name +'TO DISK =''c:\BackupDrive'' WITH INIT,
COMPRESSION'
FETCH NEXT FROM DB_Cursor INTO @DB_Name
END
CLOSE db_cursor
DEALLOCATE db_cursor
